Ngo-70, umdla woluntu wawugxile ekukhuleni kwenani labemi behlabathi kunye nenkxalabo ekhulayo yezixhobo ezikhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezandileyo. Umcimbi ngelo xesha ulahlekelwe ngokubaluleka nangakumbi, kodwa ngenxa yokuvela kwetekhnoloji kunye nokwanda okungathethekiyo kubemi, lixesha lokuba ubuyele emxholweni. Kwaye kukuba sele zilungisiwe imida yokukhula emva kweoyile ephezulu kubangelwa kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe- zendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa koovimba beoyile kunye nokunye iifosili.
Kweli nqaku siza kujonga imeko yehlabathi kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwemida yokukhula kunye namandla oluntu okubonelela ngabemi.
Ukwanda kubemi behlabathi
Abemi behlabathi baphindaphindeke kabini kumashumi amane eminyaka. Nangona ubuhlwempu bohlwaya imimandla ethile yehlabathi, indlala ngokubanzi ithintelwe ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezibaso. Oku kuvumela ukutya okungakumbi ukuba kufumaneke nokuba kungcolisa umhlaba ngakumbi kwaye ikhupha iziphumo ezibi njengokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Ezolimo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuwo onke amacandelo emveliso yokutya kwaye iindlela zokufumana izityalo ziyimeko yokuqinisekisa ukuba ungcoliseko luyaqhubeka okanye hayi. Ukulungiselela oku, inkqubo yezolimo ezinzileyo okanye yolondolozo iphuhlisiwe ejolise ekunciphiseni iimpembelelo kungcoliseko lomhlaba namanzi ukuze izakhamzimba esizifumanayo ngokuvuna zikumgangatho ongcono kwaye zingangcolisi. Konke oku kwenziwa ngenjongo yokwenza ifayile ye- ukutya okuzinzileyo kwihlabathi jikelele ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo esizisebenzisayo namhlanje zinokusetyenziswa zizizukulwana ezizayo.
Ngombulelo kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji, indawo enkulu yemfuduko yasemaphandleni kunye nokuthuthuzela kweemodeli ezahlukeneyo zeedolophu ezime nkqo, indawo enkulu yabemi behlabathi inokuhlala kwindawo encinci. Oku uthanda ukunciphisa umgama oza kugutyungelwa Ukuthuthwa kwemveliso ekrwada kunye neemveliso, uxinzelelo lwamashishini kunye nemveliso yombane esembindini ngakumbi.
Kwelinye icala, sinokugqithisa ekusebenziseni izixhobo zendalo ezifana neenkuni, i-oyile, irhasi yendalo kunye namalahle. Oku kuxhatshazwa kugqithiselwe kwezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinje nge ulimo olunzulu kunye nemfuyo, ukuloba kakhulu okanye ukumbiwa kwemigodi. Konke oku kukhokelela ekwehlisweni kobutyebi bendalo, ukwanda kongcoliseko lwendalo kuyo yonke imiba kwaye, ke ngoko, utshintsho kwimozulu eyahlukileyo eyenzeka kumhlaba jikelele.
Imida yokukhula
Iingcali zezoQoqo sele zitshilo ngo-1972, xa kwapapashwa ingxelo "yeMida yoHlumo". Abemi behlabathi banokuthi emva koko banikeze yonke imfuno yokutya kunye namandla kwincopho yeoyile. Ubunzima bendalo bowe-1960 baphelisa inqanaba lemicimbi yendalo esingqongileyo apho kwakuthandabuzwa ukuba i-oyile, kunye namanye amafutha eefosili Abayi kuba nakho ukondla uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ngenxa yokudinwa okusondeleyo.
Kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngokufika kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, kucingelwa ukuba ilizwe liyakwazi ukuhlala abantu abaninzi ngenxa yemveliso yamandla ngezinto zendalo ezifana nelanga, amanzi, umoya, i-biomass, amandla ombane kunye namandla akhutshwa kumaza. Nangona kunjalo, i-utopia yokudala umhlaba ovela kumandla angenamda acocekileyo afike eludongeni olukhulu lokusebenza kwamandla.
La ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla Izama ukuvelisa esona sitokhwe siphezulu samandla ngexabiso eliphantsi elinokubakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba inxenye enkulu yotyalo-mali lwe-R & D ijolise kwezi ndawo, ijongela phantsi ukubaluleka kwezibaso. Uxinzelelo oluvela koorhulumente nakwimibutho yezokusingqongileyo enje ngeGreenpeace okanye iEcologists in Action bakhala ngamandla ahlaziyekayo ukuba baxhaswe kwaye baphuhliswe ebusweni behlabathi elifuna amandla kwaye iqondo lobushushu behlabathi elinyukayo lingaphezulu kokucetywayo ngomhla walo «Inobungozi" kwiingxelo zeQela loRhulumente oMalunga noTshintsho lwemozulu (IPCC).
Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni
Zininzi izibonelelo zendalo esele zigqithile kubuninzi bazo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Kwaye kunjalo Iqondo lokusetyenziswa lingaphezulu kwaleyo yemveliso kwaye, ngaphezu kwako konke, elo loovimba. Ngemihla yokuphela kwamafutha asefosili anjengeoyile, igesi yendalo kunye namalahle asele ebekiwe, konke okuseleyo kukuqhubeka nokuphucula amandla ahlaziyekayo ukugcina isantya sobomi esinabo namhlanje.
Unyawo lwekhabhoni luphawu lwesixa se ikharbon diokside ekhutshwa ngummi neyunithi yomphezulu womhlaba. Kuthetha ukuba, ukwanelisa ibango lethu, kokubini lokutya, kunye namandla, iimpahla kunye neenkonzo, kufuneka sikhuphe ikhabhoni emoyeni. Okukhona sisebenzisa kakhulu, kokukhona sikhupha iitoni.
Ukwenza umzekelo, sicinga ukuba sinamakhaya ethu, sisebenzisa ukutya okuthile, sisebenzisa ikhompyuter, umabonwakude, ukuhlamba, ukumamela umculo, sizithutha ngemoto yethu yabucala, njl. Ukwenza zonke izinto ezisingqongileyo ebomini bethu, kuye kwafuneka sisebenzise izinto ezingcolileyo. Ke, iinyawo zekhabhoni zikhulu ngakumbi kubutyebi esinabo kwaye inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nomvuzo womntu ngamnye. Amandla okuthenga onawo, kokukhona ikharbhon ikhutshwa emoyeni.
Ukulingana phambi kwabo bonke?
Ukuba sithelekisa umkhondo wekhabhoni wabantu kumazwe asaphuhlayo, siyaqonda ukuba baninzi abantu kodwa banendawo esezantsi yekhabhoni kumhlali ngamnye. Oko kuthetha ukuba Inxalenye encinci yabemi behlabathi inoxanduva lokungcolisa umhlaba.
Kutheni le nto ama-80% abemi behlabathi kufuneka bahlawule iziphumo zeentlekele zemozulu ezininzi ezibangelwe kukungcoliseka komnye u-20%? Oorhulumente amagama ukulingana kunye nokulingana, kodwa inyani inyanzelisa okuninzi ukufezekisa ezo njongo.
Okwangoku, umhlaba ufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwimida yokukhula kwaye ikamva aliqinisekanga kwaphela. Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku lenza ukuba ubonakalise umba wokulingana kwihlabathi kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezixhobo.