Amandla omoya yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Iyakwazi ukuvelisa isixa esikhulu samandla isebenzisa umoya njengesiseko sayo. E-Spain abathathi chatha kuwo onke amandla ahlaziyekayo anokubakho, ngakumbi ngamandla omoya, kodwa benza inkqubela phambili elungileyo. E-Zaragoza, kukho ifama yomoya e-Iberdrola ebizwa ngokuba yiLa Plana III. Le fama yomoya isebenze ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 kwaye yeyona indala eSpain.
Kule nqaku sichaza yonke into malunga amandla omoya eZaragoza.
Ifama yomoya eLa Muela
Ifama yomoya ineegawathi ezingama-21 zamandla kwaye ikwidolophu yaseLa Muela, eZaragoza. Ezi megawatts ezingama-21 zamandla zinikezelwa ngokupheleleyo oomatshini bomoya. Kunjalo ukubaluleka kwale fama yomoya ukuba ILa Muela ithathwa njenge dolophu ehlala emoyeni. Ayisiyobaxo inikiweyo ukuba phantse i-98% yezixhobo zamandla ezisetyenzisiweyo zivela kwifama yomoya.
Ezi megawatts ezingama-21 ziguqulela kumandla phantse ama-950 GWh, esebenza ukubonelela ngenani labemi abangama-726.000 ngonyaka. Okungakumbi okanye ngaphantsi oku ngabemi abanaZaragoza, ngenxa yoko kunokuthiwa baphila ngenxa yomoya.
Amandla omoya akhula ngokuxhuma kunye nemida ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nokhuphiswano kwiimarike zamandla. Ezi datha zintle zemveliso yamandla omoya eZaragoza ziziphumo zokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezilungiselelwe ezinoxanduva lokuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla kumbane. Sele isebenza iminyaka emininzi kwaye unyaka nonyaka iphucula ngakumbi. U-Iberdrola ujongene nokuhlaziya oomatshini kunye nokuphucula ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezingcono.
U-Iberdrola wenze ikakhulu ukujongana nolawulo lwenkonzo ebonelelwa ziinkampani zababoneleli. Ukugcinwa kwemisebenzi yefama yomoya kuye kwaphucula umbulelo ngokusebenza okungcono kwabasebenzi. Konke oku kukhokelele ekuphuculweni kokusebenza kakuhle kwefama yomoya kunye nokufumaneka kwezixhobo zonikezelo lwamandla.
UZaragoza wakha iifama zomoya ezingaphezulu
Ngenxa yempumelelo yeefama zomoya eZaragoza, enkosi ngokuma kwendawo kunye nolawulo lomoya olunikayo Imozulu eZaragoza, konke oku kufuneka kukhuthazwe ukuphucula imveliso yamandla. NgoJuni 2018, ulwakhiwo lweefama zomoya ezili-9 eziziprojekthi zeGoya zaqala. Phakathi kweefama zomoya ezisi-9 kukho iimegavaries ezingama-300, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisikhundla esihle sokubonelela ngombane.
Iindawo apho ezi fama zomoya ziya kwakhiwa khona ICampo de Belchite, iCampo de Daroca kunye neCampo de Cariñena. Imisebenzi kulindeleke ukuba igqitywe ukuphela kwalo nyaka.
Akufuneki sijonge kuphela ekudalweni kwezi fama zomoya njengomthombo olungileyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo, kodwa kunye neziphumo ezihle eziza kuba nazo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Enkosi kulwakhiwo lwazo zonke ezi fama zomoya, kuya kuba nakho ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngonyaka ngeetoni ezingama-314.000. Oku kunezibonelelo ezininzi ngokubhekisele kukuxinana kweegesi zegreenhouse kunye nobushushu emoyeni. I-CO2 encinci ikhutshelwa emoyeni, kokukhona siya kulwa ubushushu behlabathi kunye nefuthe lotshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukongeza, ikwanezibonelelo zentlalo, ukusukela oko izakuvelisa ngaphezulu kwe-1.000 yemisebenzi ngexesha lokwakha kwepaki kunye nemisebenzi esisigxina engama-50 kuba xa ipaki iphakame kwaye isebenza. Aba bantu bazakuphatha ulondolozo kwaye baqinisekise ukuba ifama yomoya iyasifezekisa isithembiso sayo: ukuveliswa kwee-megawatts ezingama-300.
IAragon, inkululeko yesithathu yamandla eSpeyin
Kwaye amandla ahlaziyekayo enza ukuba kube nakho ukubanakho ukuzisebenzisa amandla ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwigridi yombane yaseSpain esebenzisa iifosili ngayo. Amandla omoya avela kuzo zonke ezi fama zomoya zintsha kunye naleyo sele isaziwa eLa Muela, iya kubeka iAragon kwindawo yesithathu kumandla ombane, udlulwe kuphela nguCastilla y León kunye neGalicia.
Utyalo-mali kulwakhiwo lwezi fama zomoya zizigidi ngezigidi zeedola kwaye zininzi iinkampani zeli candelo ezizinikeleyo kulo. Phakathi kwazo kuvela iForestalia neGrupo Jorge. Ngale fama zomoya inani lamandla eliza kuveliswa linokuphindwa kathathu.
Kwiifandesi zamandla zombuso zangaphambili, iZaragoza ibikwindawo ephezulu ngokubhekisele kubutyebi besimahla, umoya. Idatha eqokelelwe nge-31 kaJanuwari wonyaka ophelileyo yathi iAragon yayiyindlela yesihlanu yokuzimela komoya kuyo yonke iSpain. Ngelo xesha yayinee-megawatts ezili-1.829 ngaphandle kophuhliso lweepaki ezintsha. Xa iifama zomoya ezintsha zigqityiwe kwaye ziyasebenza iya kuba namandla e-megawatts ezingama-5.917, eya kuyenza inyuke kwisikhundla sayo sokuzimela kwamandla.
Nangona kunjalo, nangokwakhiwa kwezi fama zomoya zintsha ziya kuba nakho ukugqwesa inkokeli kula mandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain, eCastilla y León. Olu luntu luzimeleyo lune-8.027 MW yamandla, ngaphezulu kakhulu kunqwenelwa yiAragon. Kwindawo yesibini sineGalicia, engayi kuba yindawo yesibini ixesha elide, ngenxa yokuba inesikhundla se-6.039 MW. Oku kungaphezulu nje kancinci kunexabiso eliza kufumana iAragon kwaye asazi ukuba liza kuphucula ukubakho kunye namandla ezobuchwephesha ukuvelisa amandla angakumbi.
Ukuphuculwa kwezinto ezinokuhlaziywa
Ukuba zonke iinjini zomoya ekulindeleke ukuba zakhiwe ziyimpumelelo kwaye iipaneli ezikhoyo ze-photovoltaic kunye nezo zilinde ukwakhiwa ekugqibeleni zisebenza, I-Aragon iya kuba nakho ukukhula ukuya kuma-58% kumandla ahlaziyekayo. Yimveliso yembali enokuthi iphucule imeko yamandla kwiidolophu zayo, ukongeza kukhathalelo lokusingqongileyo. Utyalomali lwawo onke la macandelo ombane ahlaziyiweyo lungaphezulu kwe-7.000 yezigidi ze-euro.
Njengoko ubona, amandla ahlaziyekayo ngokuthe chu enza indlela yawo kwicandelo lezamandla laseSpain kwaye iZaragoza iyaqhubeka nokunyuka. Ndiyathemba ukuba ezinye iidolophu ziya kulandela umzekelo kwaye ziphuhle ngakumbi kweli candelo.