Enye yezona nzululwazi ziyaziwayo kunye nabaqambi emhlabeni thomas Edison. Wayengomnye woosomashishini baseMelika abazinikezele ekuyileni nakwisayensi, ethathwa njengenye yeengqondo eziphambili kwimbali yakutshanje. Kwaye inamalungelo awodwa angaphezu kwewaka awodwa. NgokukaThomas Edison, umsebenzi onzima wawongamela italente kwaye wabanga ukuba ubukrelekrele buyimpembelelo ye-10% kunye nokubila okungama-90%.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke i-biography kunye nezenzo zikaThomas Edison.
UThomas Edison Biography
Igama lakhe elipheleleyo nguThomas Alva Edison. Wazalwa ngo-1847 wasweleka ngo-1931. Kule sazinzulu sinetyala lokuyilwa kwazo zonke iintlobo zeemveliso eziwutshintshe umhlaba ngonaphakade. Umzekelo, iibhalbhu ezibengezelayo, ikhamera yemuvi, umfoti, kunye nezithuthi zombane zonke zenziwe ngusosayensi kunye nomqambi. Kuya kufuneka ulithathele ingqalelo ixesha elinokuphuhla ngalo. Sithetha malunga naphakathi nasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Ukubona ukufunyanwa kwenkqubela phambili yenzululwazi, wayejongwa njengophambi kwexesha lakhe.
Iinzame zazibalulekile ukufaka isandla kuphuhliso lotshintsho kwimizi-mveliso. Ukongeza, baphucule ngokumangalisayo impilo kunye neemeko zokuphila zezigidi zabantu. Enkosi ngokuxhaphaka kukaThomas Edison Ilifa lingashiywa livula iingcango zobunjineli kunye netekhnoloji yale mihla.
Inani lakhe laziwa kakhulu njengoko enamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza angaphezu kwewaka. Ezinye zazo ziya kuphawula ngaphambi nasemva koluntu. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba indoda enesidima esinje inokubangela impikiswano phakathi kwabanye abantu abangavumelaniyo nezinto ezininzi ayenzileyo. Kwaye uThomas Edison wayenemibambano eliqela kunye nenye yeengqondo zakhe zexesha: Nikola Tesla.
Uxhaphazo lukaThomas Edison
Iminyaka yokuqala
UThomas Alva Edison wazalwa ngoFebruwari 11, 1847 eMilan, idolophu encinci eOhio, eUnited States, waya kusapho olukumgangatho ophakathi. Nge-7 wayeqala ukuya esikolweni, kodwa kwaphela iinyanga ezintathu. Kungenxa yokuba iinqununu kunye nootitshala bagqiba kwelokuba bamgxothe ngenxa yokuba wayengenamdla kwaphela kwaye enengxaki enkulu ngokwasengqondweni. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba nam bendinayo ukuba sisithulu okuncinane okubangelwe ngumkhuhlane ombi awayenawo. Zonke ezi mpawu zikhokelele ekubeni athathwe njengongasifanelanga isikolo.
Ngethamsanqa, umama wakhe wayekhe wangutitshala ngaphambili kwaye wathatha imfundo yakhe. Ayikokulungiselela kuphela unyana wakhe ngokwasengqondweni, kodwa wayekwazile ukuvusa umdla ongasikelwanga mda owawuza kumnceda ukuba abe ngomnye wabona bantu babalulekileyo embalini. Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi kuphela ubudala, wafaka ilabhoratri encinci kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwendlu yakhe. Ndiyabulela kolu hlobo lwelebhu, unokuzama izinto ezahlukeneyo kwicandelo lekhemistri kunye nombane. Emva kwexesha wafunda ukuba yayiyeyona nto kugxilwe kuyo kwimisebenzi yakhe yobungcali.
Esemncinci, waqala ukuba nomoya wokurhweba. Waqhubeka esenza iimvavanyo de wayeneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, apho wayishiya indlu yabazali bakhe ngentando ka Ukujikeleza ilizwe lonke ukuze babe nakho ukufumana imisebenzi ebonelelayo ukwanelisa ubuchule babo.
Ubomi bobuchule
Telegraph ofisi kakuhle kakhulu. Uchithe iminyaka eliqela ehamba kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kuba wayengenangxaki yokufumana umsebenzi. U-Edison wahlala eBoston eneminyaka engama-21. Lo yayingumzuzu apho waqhelana nomsebenzi we UMichael Faraday. Lo sosayensi wayengusosayensi wase-Bhritane owanikezela ubomi bakhe bonke ekufundeni i-electromagnetism kunye ne-electrochemistry kwaye basweleka kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.
Umsebenzi kaMichael Faraday waphefumlela uThomas Edison ukuba aqhubeke nophando. I-patent yokuqala yafika kwakuloo nyaka kwaye yayiqulathe ikhawuntara yevoti yombane kwiCongress. Nangona yayiyinto enomdla, bayithatha iluncedo. Ukusuka apha, uThomas Edison wayesazi ukuba iinzame kufuneka ziphendule kwiimfuno ezithile zomntu. Kanye emva koko, wafudukela eNew York ngo-1869. Kwakuloo nyaka, iWestern Union, eyona nkampani inkulu yaseUnited States ngelo xesha, yamthuma ukuba afune indlela yokufumana umshicileli onokubonisa uludwe lwezokhuseleko. kwimarike yemasheya.
Kuba uThomas Edison waphefumlelwa, wakwazi ukuphuhlisa iprojekthi ayinikwe ngexesha lokurekhoda. Enkosi ekuzalisekisweni kweemfuno bamnika isixa esikhulu semali ngelo xesha. Oku kwamnceda ukuba aqhubeke nezinto zakhe kwaye atshate. Wahlala elabhoratri kwaye wamnceda ukuba alandele oko kutya kunye neminyaka engama-28 kuphela.
Igalelo eliphambili kwisayensi
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi igalelo eziphambili ezenziwe nguThomas Edison kwisayensi:
- Uphuhliso lonxibelelwanoUkuveliswa kukaEdison kwakubalulekile ukuze akwazi ukubeka iziseko zonxibelelwano ngomnxeba. Sisakhono sonke ukuba sikwazi ukuhambisa ulwazi ngakumbi phakathi kweendawo ezimbini ezikude. I-telegraph okanye, ukuphuculwa komnxeba kunye nezinye izinto ezifunyanisiweyo kwavulela indlela yokuba kamva izazinzulu zithathe indawo.
- Ukuphuculwa kwebhetri: Nangona engazenzelanga iibhetri okanye iibhetri, uzigqibelele kakhulu. Phakathi kwesixa sophando olunxulumene neebhetri kunye neeseli, wakwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo. Siyabulela oku, namhlanje sinezixhobo ezihlanganiswayo kwaye zihlala ixesha elide.
- Ukufumana iibhalbhu ezihlala ixesha elide: Nangona wayengenguye umenzi weebhalbhu zokukhanya, wazisulungekisa njengeebhetri. Ukongeza, wabenza ukuba bafikeleleke ngokwezoqoqosho kuye wonke umntu ngokutshintsha ubume bezinto zokwakha ii-bulb ze-incandescent ezihlala iiyure ezininzi.
- Isityalo sokuqala samandla: iphupha lakhe yayikukudala umbane kwaye akwazi ukuwenza ukuba ufikelele kwihlabathi liphela. Kule mihla kubonakala kucacile, kodwa yayiyimbono yoguquko ngexesha layo.
- Umanduleli wefilimu: Wayengumanduleli wekhamera ye-movie kwaye wayibiza ngokuba yi-kinetoscope. Khange akwazi ukufumana okuninzi ngaphandle kuba bangumntu onokubona ukurekhodwa kuba bekufuneka bajonge ngaphakathi kwesixhobo esivaliweyo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolwazi olunje ungafunda ngakumbi nge-biografi kaThomas Edison kunye nezinto awazenzayo.