Izinsiza zemvelo ezingashi. Kuzwakala sengathi kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi edingekayo emhlabeni. Yebo, zikhona futhi ziya ngokuya zisebenza kahle futhi zisabalele emhlabeni wonke. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi imvelo yethu inokuningi imithombo yemvelo lapho abantu besebenzisa khona. Eziningi zalezi zinsizakusebenza zikhawulelwe ngokwesilinganiso somuntu futhi aziyona ingozi emhlabeni. Ngamanye amagama, ngenkathi besetshenziswa futhi bekhishwa abayingcolisi imvelo. Zibizwa nangokuthi amandla avuselelekayo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngemithombo yemvelo engapheli.
Yini imithombo yemvelo engapheli
Lezi zinsiza yilezo ezingapheli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okukhulu okwenziwe ngabo, ngokwesilinganiso somuntu akunakwenzeka ukuthi bakhathale. Isibonelo, amandla elanga ayinsiza yemvelo engapheli futhi ngeke iphele noma ngabe siwasebenzisa kangakanani. Imisebe yelanga ayinamkhawulo. Lo mthombo uvame ukutholakala kwimvelo futhi ungasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo futhi ngaphandle kwemingcele.
Isici esenza zingakhawulelwe ukuthi azinciphi ngobuningi noma ngekhwalithi yize ukusetshenziswa kwazo kukhulu kakhulu. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho sikhuluma ngemithombo yemvelo engapheli, sibhekise esikalini somuntu. Lokho wukuthi, umuntu kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzisa le nsiza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuqedwa kwayo okungenzeka. Lokhu akunjalo nge izinto zokubasa.
Ukuthi akupheli esikalini somuntu akusho ukuthi kungamandla angenamkhawulo. Lokho wukuthi, amandla elanga azophela ezigidini naseminyakeni eyizigidi lapho ilanga lisebenzisa wonke uphethiloli we-hydrogen. Yilapho ilanga lizoqhuma khona futhi lenze i-supernova futhi liqede lo mthombo ongapheli. Kungakho-ke kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi uma sikhuluma ngemithombo yemvelo engapheli yenziwa ngendlela ebonakalayo, kubhekiswa esikhathini somuntu.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi njengoba sikwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokungalinganiseli esikalini sethu, siyenza ibe amandla asimeme. Hhayi nje ukuthi azipheli, kubenza babe yimithombo ekhethekile yemvelo. Kunezinye izici ezinjengokuthi ayivezi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemfucuza ebonakalayo, ebenza babe yizinsizakusebenza ezithakazelisa kakhulu. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi amandla ahlanzekile.
Izibonelo zemithombo yemvelo engapheli
Manje sesizobona ezinye zezibonelo ezaziwa kakhulu zemithombo yemvelo engapheli.
Amandla elanga
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, amandla elanga, noma ngabe yi-photovoltaic noma i-solar thermal Ingumthombo wemvelo ongashi futhi ingenye yezinto eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni. Isenzo selanga sinesibopho sokuba khona kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zomkhathi ezifana nemvula nomoya, kanye namagagasi nokuba khona kwamanzi oketshezi emhlabeni.
Lokhu kwenza amandla elanga abe ngumthombo wamandla oyinhloko wanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamandla aqhamuka emithonjeni yemvelo engapheli, ngaphandle kwamandla we-geothermal.
Amandla we-Tidal ne-wave
Ngamandla akhiqizwa lapho sisebenzisa ulwandle. Imayelana nokuzama basebenzise amandla akhiqizwa ezindaweni ezinamagagasi, eyaziwa njenge-wave energy, noma i- ukunyakaza okukhiqizwa amagagasi, eyaziwa ngokuthi amandla olwandle. Lezi zinhlobo zamandla zisetshenziswa ngenxa yokuguqulwa kokuhamba kwamanzi kube ngamandla kagesi. La mandla kagesi angasetshenziswa angaba ngumuntu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho.
Amandla we-Hydraulic
Yileso futhi esivela emanzini kepha kungamandla atholakala ngamanzi emifula nasezixhaphozini. Luhlobo lwamandla olusebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi omhlaba ukusizakala ngalo. Lapho amanzi emifula ehla ngendlela yemvelo noma ngempophoma, kufakwa i-turbine eyenza ijikeleze njengoba amanzi edlula. Ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe ugesi ongasetshenziswa. Kwenzeka okufanayo lapho sisebenzisa amanzi ezixhaphozi. Sibeka amaxhaphozi amabili ezindaweni eziphakeme ezahlukahlukene bese senza impophoma ukusuka kwesinye isizi kuya kwesinye. Lapho amanzi asemaxhaphozini ehla, aphendulela i-turbine bese enza ugesi.
Amandla omoya
Umthombo wemvelo ongashi osetshenzisiwe kulokhu umoya. Lapho umoya uvunguza ngejubane elikhulu ungenza hambisa imishini yokuphehla ugesi ephehla ugesi edala ukuthi kudalwe amandla kagesi. La mandla kagesi angagcinwa futhi abelwe abanye kabusha ezindaweni zokudla kwabantu.
Amandla we-geothermal
Yilelo elivela ngaphakathi kwendawo yomhlaba. La mandla akhiqizwa ngomsebenzi wangaphakathi womhlaba. Kungumthombo wemvelo futhi ongapheli futhi ukuphela kwawo ohlobene nomsebenzi welanga. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ngaphakathi kweplanethi kunemisinga ye-convection evela kwingubo yoMhlaba futhi ngenxa yokushintsha kobuningi bezinto. Kusho ukuqina ziyashintshwa ngenxa yokushisa okukhiqizwa yingqikithi yomhlaba. Lokhu kugeleza kwamandla kungabanjwa futhi kusetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ugesi.
Impikiswano ye-biomass
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile uma kuziwa ekwazini insiza yemvelo engapheli umbono wayo wesikhathi eside. Enye yezingxabano ezisabalele kakhulu emhlabeni zamandla avuselelekayo yile noma ngabe i-biomass ithathwa njengesisetshenziswa esingashi noma cha. Omunye wemisebenzi elawula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga ezingeni lemvelo yi-photosynthesis ezitshalweni. I-photosynthesis ibhekwa njengenjini ye-biosphere futhi iyimbangela yochungechunge lwe-trophic ku-oxygen ekhiqizwayo. Ukuba inqubo yemvelo, kubhekwa njengokungenakuphela. Singathola i-biomass kusuka kuzinto eziphilayo futhi, kungenzeka ukuthi sinesisetshenziswa esitholakala ngokuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Noma kunjalo, singabheka i-biomass njengomthombo ophelile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungamandla, uma ehlukunyezwa, angaqedwa. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu ukuthi ijubane lapho izitshalo zikhula khona nalapho kutholakala khona uphethiloli isikhathi sangempela nesiphathekayo. Ngamanye amagama, kuyenzeka ukuthi kuvotwe ngokwesilinganiso somuntu uma kudlulwa ekusetshenzisweni kwayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa amandla we-biomass, kukhiqizwa amagesi abamba ukushisa ngesikhathi somlilo. Ngakho-ke bekungeke kuthathwe njengamandla ahlanzekile futhi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemithombo yemvelo engashi.