Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngemithombo evuselelekayo eNicaragua cishe kungama-53% esewonke, kepha kulo nyaka, ngokusho kukaNgqongqoshe Wezamandla Nezimayini (AMADODA) uSalvador Mansell, kunezinsuku ezimbalwa lapho le mithombo inikeze khona inethiwekhi phenya i-84% yamandla asetshenziswa ezweni.
Lokhu kusho, ngokusho kukahulumeni, amandla amakhulu izwe elinalo amandla ahlanzekile. Ungqongqoshe Wezabesilisa uphawule ukuthi ezinyangeni ezifana noNovemba, Ephreli noma uMashi, lapho izwe linomoya onamandla, wonke amapulazi omoya asebenza ngo-100%, ngaphezu komnikelo wezitshalo zokuphehla ugesi, ukukhiqiza kufinyelela cishe kuma-84% ngemithombo evuselelekayo.
UMansell wengeze wathi “Uma izimo zilungile ukuze imithombo evuselelekayo ikwazi ukukhiqiza, zibekwa eqhulwini ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke kohlelo futhi kubalulekile ekuphathweni kwemakethe. Ezweni sisebenzisa kakhulu imithombo yemvelo ”.
Eqinisweni, uMansell akazange akhiphe umthetho wokuthi kulo nyaka kunezinsuku lapho kungafinyelelwa khona ukukhuphuka okungaphezu kwama-85% esizukulwane ngemithombo ehlanzekile, yize egcizelele ukuthi kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nezimbalwa. izimo zezulu ukufinyelela lelo rekhodi elisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngowezi-2017 kwethulwe isitshalo esisha sombane esisebenza ngelanga esingu-12 megawatt emkhakheni wePuerto Sandino.
Ngokusho kukahulumeni: “Sinesizukulwane esishisayo, kepha kufanele sisekele, lapho kunenkinga, lapho kungekho moya, kungekho mvula, kunezinkinga engxenyeni yelanga, bese sinayo isipele esishisayo ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi wokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kubantu ”.
U-2016 uvaliwe ngo-53% isizukulwane esizinzile ngemithombo evuselelekayo futhi inhloso yezikhungo ukwandisa lesi sibalo.
Inkomba Yomhlaba
Eqinisweni, iNicaragua iyaqhubeka nokuba yisibonelo sokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngemithombo evuselelekayo. Muva nje, isisekelo i-The Climate Reality Project - esungulwe ngo-2006 yilowo owayeyiPhini likaMongameli wase-United States, u-Al Gore - saqaphela izwe njenge lezizwe ezintathu, kanye neSweden neCosta Rica, okuyizindlela ezisendleleni yokulandelwa kule nsimu emhlabeni jikelele, okuyiyona ndlela eyinhloko yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisa umoya.
Futhi akuyona into engaphansi. Ama-27.5% abemele ukukhiqizwa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngo-2007, aye kuma-52% ngo-2014, nama-53% ngo-2016. 90% ngo-2020, ngamaphrojekthi wokutshala imali kahulumeni, azimele futhi ahlanganisiwe. Phakathi kuka-2007 no-2013 kuphela, amaphrojekthi omoya, i-biomass, ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi kanye nelanga ahlinzekela amanye ama-megawatt ayi-180 kunethiwekhi kazwelonke yokusabalalisa ugesi, okuthi ngosuku ngalunye kufunwe ama-megawatts angama-550.
Amandla omoya eNicaragua
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, iNational Interconnected System (SIN) yaqopha ukuthi ngo-2016, iphesenti lokukhiqizwa kukagesi ngemithombo evuselelekayo lifinyelele kuma-53%. I- izitshalo zamandla omoya babemele ama-31%, izitshalo eziphehla ugesi ngaphansi komhlaba zingu-28.6%, izitshalo eziphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi zingu-26.8% kuthi izigayo zikashukela zibe ngu-13.6%.
Endabeni yamandla omoya, amaphrojekthi amelele kakhulu ezweni yi-Amayo I no-II asemnyangweni weRivas futhi aqondiswa yinhlangano yaseCanada i-Amayo SA, ekhiqiza cishe ama-megawatts angama-63
Kulo nyaka, umnikelo we isitshalo se-photovoltaic esePuerto Sandino, okwamanje iyona kuphela ekhiqiza amandla elanga kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa yezwe.
Eqinisweni, amandla elanga akhona ezweni, kepha kakhulu esizukulwaneni ngasinye.
Ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, uhulumeni uhlose ukufeza u-94% wokutholakala kukagesi endaweni kazwelonke. “Ngokuya ngezinhlelo nezinqubo ezenziwe, inhloso yethu ukufinyelela ku-2021% kagesi ngo-99,” kusho uMansell.
Ukuhlukahluka kwemithombo
Izwe lineTumarín hydroelectric macroproject, esakhiwa eningizimu yeCaribbean yeNicaragua, ngokusho kokuqagela sizohlinzeka ngamamegawathi angama-253, uma iqala ukusebenza kwayo ekupheleni kuka-2019.
UCésar Zamora, umphathi wezwe wenkampani yamandla i-IC Power, uveze ukuthi ukuzibophezela kweNicaragua amandla ahlanzekile kwavela njengesisombululo kunkinga ye ukushoda kukagesi okutholwe yizwe ngaphambi kowezi-2007.
“Kuphakanyiswe umthetho wokukhuthaza ukwenziwa kogesi ngemithombo evuselelekayo kanti noHulumeni omusha (ngo-2007, uDaniel Ortega) waqala ingxoxo nabamele umkhakha wezamandla noCosep (Superior Council of Private Enterprise) ukuhlela ukuthi uzophuma kanjani leyo nkinga, ”ekhumbula.
UZamora ubalule ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kufakwe amamegawathi ama-180 wamandla omoya kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa, ama-megawatts angama-70 amandla we-geothermal kusuka kunxanxathela yaseSan Jacinto-Tizate, ama-megawatts ama-50 kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi kusuka kumaphrojekthi i-larreynaga (state), iHidropantasma ne-El Diamante, eqale ukusebenza ngoDisemba odlule, ngenkathi ise- i-biomass Kuqale ukusebenza isitshalo esinama-megawatts angama-30 kanye nezigayo zikashukela zaseSanta Rosa naseSan Antonio, ezinama-megawatts angama-80 phakathi kwalaba bobabili.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangaphandle
KuJahosca López, ongumxhumanisi wehhovisi leNicaragua Renewable Association, ukukhula okukhulu ezweni kulo mkhakha kungenxa yezinqubomgomo eziphakanyiswa nguHulumeni zokukhuthaza utshalomali kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi Umthetho Wokukhuthazwa Kokuphehlwa Kwamandla kagesi ngemithombo evuselelekayo.
NgoJuni 2015, umthetho uthe izichibiyelo zawo zandiswa yiPhalamende Likazwelonke ukunweba izikhuthazo zamaphrojekthi amasha kagesi ovuselelekayo eminye iminyaka emithathu.
Enye yezimpikiswano ezinikezwe yilowo mcimbi ngabomthetho ukuthi njengoba izwe liguqula amandla alo ezamandla intela kagesi iyehla.
Umxhumanisi uphinde waveza ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kube nomthelela, okuvumele ukwakheka nokwenziwa kwamaphrojekthi ku kusebenza kahle, ngaphezu kokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi kwemiphakathi ethile ngokugxila kwezemvelo.