Xa sibhekisa ku uzinzo okanye uzinzo Kwi-ecology, sichaza indlela iinkqubo zebhayoloji "ezigcina" ngokwahluka, zisisebenzela njengezixhobo, kwaye zivelisa ixesha.
Oko kukuthi, sithetha ngayo ukulungelelaniswa kohlobo kunye nezixhobo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokwengxelo ye-1987 yaseBrundtland ebhekisa kuthi njengezilwanyana, ukuzinza kuyasebenza ukuxhaphaza izixhobo yi ngaphantsi komda wokuhlaziya yendalo yayo.
Iindidi zozinzo
Ukuzinza kufuna injongo efanayo kwaye yiyo loo nto kuyinkqubo yezentlalo nezoqoqosho.
Oko kwathethi, sinokuthi kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuzinza.
Ukuzinza kwezopolitiko
Phinda usasaze i- amandla ezopolitiko nezoqoqosho, iqinisekisa ukuba kukho imithetho engatshintshiyo elizweni, yokuba sinorhulumente okhuselekileyo kwaye simisela isakhelo somthetho esiqinisekisa ukuhlonitshwa kwabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Ikhuthaza ubudlelwane bemanyano phakathi koluntu kunye nemimandla kungoko siphucula umgangatho wobomi kwaye sinciphise ukuxhomekeka kuluntu, ngaloo ndlela sivelisa izakhiwo zentando yesininzi.
Ukuzinza kwezoqoqosho
Xa sithetha ngoluzinzo sibhekisa kwi Ukukwazi ukuvelisa ubutyebi ngexabiso elilinganayo kwaye kufanelekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo, ukuseka Abemi mazibe zizonke banako kwaye basombulule iingxaki zabo zezemali, ezinokuthi ngokwazo zonyuse imveliso kwaye zomeleze ukusetyenziswa kumacandelo emveliso yemali.
Ngesi sizathu, ukuba uzinzo lulungelelwano, olu hlobo lokuzinza lulungelelwano phakathi kwendalo kunye nomntu, ibhalansi efuna ukwanelisa iimfuno ezikhoyo ngoku ngaphandle kokuncama izizukulwana ezizayo.
Ukugcinwa kwendalo
Olu hlobo lokuzinza lolona lubaluleke kakhulu (oluza kufundwa kumacandelo ethu okufundisa) kunye nento "yohlalutyo" kweli nqaku.
Ibhekisa kwinto engekho ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kune Ukukwazi ukugcina imiba yebhayoloji kwimveliso kunye nokwahluka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngale ndlela, ukugcinwa kwemithombo yendalo kuyaphunyezwa.
Oluzinzo luyakhuthaza uxanduva lokusingqongileyo kwaye yenza ukukhula komntu kukhule ngokukhathalela nokuhlonipha okusingqongileyo apho ahlala khona.
Ukulinganiswa kozinzo lokusingqongileyo
Amanyathelo okuzinzisa okusingqongileyo okanye ezinye iintlobo, ngamanyathelo obungakanani kumanqanaba ophuhliso ukuze babe nakho ukwenza iindlela zolawulo lokusingqongileyo.
Amanyathelo ama-3 angcono namhlanje yi-Index yoQinisekiso lweNdalo esingqongileyo, i-Index yeNtsebenzo yokusiNgqongileyo kunye neziphumo ezithathu.
Uzinzo Index
Esi sisalathiso samva nje kwaye lilinge leeNkokheli zeHlabathi zoMsebenzi weNdawo yangomso kwiQonga lezoQoqosho leHlabathi.
Isalathiso sokuGcinwa kweNdalo esingqongileyo okanye i-Index yoQinisekiso lweNdalo, ngokufutshane I-ESIIsalathiso sesalathiso esilungelelaniswe ngokweziqendu 67 yobunzima obulinganayo ngokulinganayo (iyonke yakhiwe ngokwamacandelo ama-5, emva koko ibandakanya izinto ezingama-22).
Ngale ndlela, i I-ESI idibanisa izikhombisi zokusingqongileyo ezingama-22 ukusukela kumgangatho womoya, ukuncitshiswa kwenkunkuma kunye nokukhuselwa kwamazwe aphesheya.
Inqanaba ifunyenwe lilizwe ngalinye yahlulwe yaya kwizifundo ezithile ezingama-67, ezinje ngomlinganiso wesulfure dioxide emoyeni wasezidolophini kunye nokusweleka okunxulunyaniswa nezimo zempilo ezibi.
I-ESI ilinganisa amanqaku amahlanu aphakathi:
- Imeko yeenkqubo zokusingqongileyo kwilizwe ngalinye.
- Impumelelo ifunyenwe kumsebenzi wokunciphisa ezona ngxaki ziphambili kwiinkqubo zokusingqongileyo.
- Inkqubela phambili ekukhuseleni abemi bayo ekulimaleni kwendalo.
- Amandla ezentlalo kunye namaziko ekufuneka isizwe ngasinye sithathe amanyathelo ngokunxulumene nokusingqongileyo.
- Inqanaba lolawulo ilizwe ngalinye elinalo.
Esi sisalathiso sokudityaniswa kwamanani, Iinjongo "zokulinganiswa" kunye ne-GDP kunye ne-International Competitiveness Index (ICI), ukuxhasa ulwazi oluyimfuneko, ukukhokela ngakumbi ukwenziwa kwezigqibo kunye noyilo kunye nokwenziwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo.
Uluhlu lwezinto eziguquguqukayo kokusingqongileyo kubandakanyiwe kugqityiwe kakhulu (ukugxila kunye nokukhutshwa kokungcola, umgangatho kunye nobungakanani bamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, iindawo ezizodwa zezithuthi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-agrochemicals, ukukhula kwabemi, ukuqonda urhwaphilizo, ulawulo lokusingqongileyo, njl. Nangona ababhali ngokwabo bevuma ukuba kukho izinto ezinomdla kakhulu ekungekho lwazi kuzo.
Ulwazi abaluphalazayo iziphumo zokuqala Esi salathisi sibonakala sihambelana noko kunokujongwa ngokwenyani, ukuba ne- elona xabiso le-ESI amazwe afana neSweden, Canada, Denmark neNew Zealand.
Index yeNdlela yokuSebenza kokusiNgqongileyo
Yaziwa sisifinyezo INDlebe Isalathiso sokuSebenza kwezeNdalo yindlela yokwenza Ukulinganisa kunye nokuhlela ngokwamanani Ukusebenza kwemigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe.
Izinto eziqwalaselweyo ekubaleni kwe-EPI zahlulwe zaziinjongo ezimbini: amandla endalo kunye nempilo yokusingqongileyo.
nayo, impilo yezendalo yahlulwe iindidi zezopolitiko, ngokukodwa ezi-3 zezi:
- Iziphumo zomgangatho womoya kwimpilo.
- Ucoceko olusisiseko kunye namanzi okusela.
- Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kwimpilo.
Kwaye Ubume bendalo esingqongileyo bohlukaniswe ngo-5 amaqela ezopolitiko nawo:
- Imveliso yendalo enemveliso.
- Izinto eziphilayo nezokuhlala.
- Ubutyebi bamanzi.
- Iziphumo zongcoliseko lomoya kwindalo.
- Imo iyatshintsha.
Kunye nazo zonke ezi ndidi kunye nokufumana iziphumo zesalathiso, zithathelwa ingqalelo Izikhombisi ezingama-25 kuvavanyo lwakho olufanelekileyo (lubonakalisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi)
Iziphumo ezintathu
Umgca ongezantsi kathathu okanye umgca ophantsi kathathu awuyonto engaphezulu kwe Ixesha elinxulumene neshishini elizinzileyo, Ebhekisa kwintsebenzo ebangelwe yinkampani ebonakaliswe ngeendlela ezintathu: ezentlalo, ezoqoqosho nezendalo.
Ubungqina bokusebenza ngokunxulumene ne Iziphumo ezintathu Zibonakalisiwe kuzinzo okanye kwiingxelo zoxanduva kwezentlalo.
Ukongeza, umbutho one ukusebenza okuhle Kwimeko yocwangciso-mali, umgca ongezantsi kathathu uya kuba nesiphumo ukwandiswa yesibonelelo sayo kwezoqoqosho kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo, kunye ne ukunciphisa okanye ukushenxiswa kwezinto ezingathandekiyo zangaphandle, kugxininisa uxanduva kwezentlalo lombutho kubachaphazelekayo, kwaye hayi kubanini zabelo kuphela.
Iinjongo zokuzinza kwendalo
Ukuzinza kujongene neengxaki ezinkulu kwihlabathi lanamhlanje kwaye enye yazo yimfuneko yoko ukubheja ngokuqinisekileyo ngu Amandla ahlaziyekayo sixhasa kangakanani kule bhlog.
Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla emveli kucinga ukuba Ukunxiba okusingqongileyo loo nto ayizukulungiswa.
Kungenxa yesi sizathu le njongo yokuqala kufuneka ukuba uzinzo lufezekiswe (kwaye ndithetha ukuba iya kuba yeyomntu wonke, hayi eyendalo) ukwazi ukudala isazela sehlabathi.
Kuya kufuneka siqonde ukuba sikhona kwifayile ye- iplanethi edibeneyoUkuba into esiyenzayo ichaphazela abanye kunye nezigqibo zethu ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi ziya kuchaphazela oonyana neentombi zethu kungekudala.
Kancinci kancinci ukuba ulwazi luyenzeka kuba uninzi lwamanyathelo alungileyo abonwa kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukukhuthaza uzinzo olwaneleyo.
Elona tyala lisondeleyo yile projekthi IBarcelona Smart City, ezikudidi lwe I-Barcelona + ezinzileyo, Wenze imephu yokusebenzisana apho onke amanyathelo azinzileyo esixeko abekwe ngokwamaqela. Isixhobo esingaphezulu kwesinomdla ukugcina umkhondo kuwo onke amaphulo aqhutywayo.
Ukuzinza ekhayeni lakho
Ngaba kunokubakho uzinzo ekhayeni lakho?
Namhlanje baninzi kuthi abacinga ukuba ne indlu ezinzileyo, Zintle kakhulu kuba ithathela ingqalelo izinto ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngokuqhelaniswa kwayo, amandla eyisebenzisayo (ngakumbi amandla elanga), iindawo ezivulekileyo ezibandakanya oko kunye nendlela efakwe ngayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukulahleka kwamandla.
Zonke ezi zinto ziphuculweyo zenza ukuba zonge umbane kwaye zingangcolisi kangako, kwaye kunjalo uzinzo lusebenza onokuthi uqwalasele ukuyenza kwixesha elide ukuba ube negalelo kwimpilo yomhlaba.
Ngapha koko, ungandwendwela amanqaku ama-2 malunga uyilo lwe-bioclimatic inomdla kakhulu:
Iimpawu zezixeko ezizinzileyo
Ukuhlala kwikhaya elizinzileyo kunomvuzo omkhulu, kodwa ukuba sicinga ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, zithini iimpawu zedolophu ezinzileyo?
Izixeko ezibizwa ngokuba zizinzileyo kufuneka zibe nezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Uphuhliso lweedolophu kunye neenkqubo zokuhamba.
Iindawo zoluntu kunye neendawo eziluhlaza ziyahlonitshwa; Ukuhamba akuthathi xesha lide (uxinano olunyamezelwayo), kwaye izithuthi kunye nabantu bahlala ngokudibeneyo.
Uthutho lukawonkewonke lusebenza kakuhle, kwaye uthutho lwabucala lucothisa ukukhula kwalo.
Ulawulo olubanzi lwenkunkuma eqinileyo, amanzi nococeko.
Inkunkuma eqinileyo iyaqokelelwa, yahlulwe, igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye iphinde isetyenziselwe ukuvelisa ixabiso lepesenti yayo.
Amanzi amdaka ayanyangwa kwaye aphinde abuyele kwimithombo yamanzi yendalo, ethomalalisa ukonakaliswa kwendalo.
Le mithombo yamanzi (amanxweme, amachibi, imilambo) iyahlonitshwa kwaye inemigangatho eyaneleyo yococeko ebantwini.
Imilambo yasezidolophini ihlanganiswe ngokubonakalayo kubomi besixeko.
Ukulondolozwa kweeasethi zendalo esingqongileyo.
Amanxweme, amachibi kunye neentaba zikhuselwe kwaye zidityanisiwe kuphuhliso lwedolophu, ukuze zisetyenziselwe impilo yoluntu kunye nophuhliso lwesixeko.
Iindlela zokusebenza kwamandla.
Ezi zixeko zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha okanye iinkqubo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane. Ukongeza, bakukhomba ekusebenziseni amandla ahlaziyekayo.
Isicwangciso sokuhlala ebusweni bempembelelo zotshintsho lwemozulu.
Iindawo ezisesichengeni apho abantu bahlala khona ziyancitshiswa kunokuba zandiswe, kuba sikhona esinye isicwangciso sezindlu kwaye sinokuphunyezwa.
Iiakhawunti zezemali ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nonxibelelwano olwaneleyo.
Kukho iiakhawunti ezicacileyo nezisekuhleni, ukungena kwe-intanethi kuyanda, isantya sonxibelelwano sanele kwaye abantu bayashukuma ukuya kwikhompyuter yeenkonzo zikarhulumente.
Izalathiso ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela abemi.
Abemi banoluvo lokuba banokuhlala ngoxolo kuba imeko yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo luyancipha kwaye luthanda ukuzinza kumanqanaba asezantsi.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi.
Uluntu lusebenzisa izixhobo zonxibelelwano, ezinje ngezicelo ezihambayo, ukuxoxa ngendlela yokusombulula iingxaki zokuphucula isixeko.
Uluntu lwaseburhulumenteni kunye nabanye abadlali basekhaya baququzelelwe ukuba babe nakho ukuba nefuthe kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yobomi besixeko.
Ndikushiya nalo mfanekiso wokugqibela apho unokujonga khona ukuba zeziphi izixeko ezizinzileyo kwaye zezona zincinci.
