Ngokwesiqhelo, ungcoliseko lwamanzi lwenzeka ngokukhupha ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kwimithombo yamanzi (imilambo, iilwandle, amachibi, njl. Izinto ezingcolisayo.
Indalo inesakhono sokucoca isiqu sayo ukuba ifumana isixa esincinci sezingcolisi, kwaye ngale ndlela, ibuyisa umlinganiso. Ingxaki iqala xa ukungcola kugqitha ukufunxeka kwenkqubo.
Ezona ntlobo zingcoliseko lwamanzi:
Enye yazo inento yokwenza neyakhe umjikelo wendalo, apho inokuthi idibane nezinto ezithile ezingcolisayo (njengokunyibilika okanye ukumiswa kwezimbiwa kunye nezinto eziphilayo) ezikhoyo kumhlaba womhlaba, iatmosferi nasemanzini.
Kodwa olunye uhlobo longcoliseko lwamanzi -oluthanda ukuba lolona lubalulekileyo noluyingozi- lolunolwalamano olukhethekileyo kunye nesenzo sabantu. Apha sinamathuba amaninzi. Phakathi kwezona ziqhelekileyo sinokuzikhankanya:
- Ukukhutshwa kwentsalela yezinto eziyityhefu ezivela kwimizi-mveliso kunye nasezidolophini, eziphoswa emilanjeni, ezilwandle nasemachibini.
- Ungcoliseko oluveliswe ngu ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezibulali zinambuzane kunye nezichumisi kwezolimo nzulu, ethi ingene kumanzi angaphantsi komhlaba.
- Inkunkuma elahlwa kunxweme, ngelishwa le nkunkuma ithatha amakhulu okanye amawaka eminyaka ukuthotywa.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezibasa ezingcolisa izikhephe, ezigcina ziphelele elwandle ngenxa yokucoca izikhephe, okanye ngenxa yeengozi, ezinje ngePrestige.
Ungcoliseko lweLwandle
Nangona ingakhange ibonakale ngathi injalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siyabazi ubungozi bokungcoliseka kolwandle kwaye ngenxa yezi zinto eziphilayo zolwandle lweentlobo ezininzi ziyagcinwa, ukongeza isinika ithuba lokuba neoksijini, loo oxygen inye oyiphefumlayo.
El ukulahla inkunkuma ngabom, ukuchitheka kweoyile, kunye neendidi eziphezulu zeekhemikhali ezinobungozi agalelwa ulwandle ungcoliseko lwayo Ayichaphazeli kuphela izityalo kunye neentlobo zaselwandle ezihlala kuzo kodwa nazo zonke Inani lehlabathi
Ukuchitheka kweoyile
Okwangoku i-brent yeyona inkulu isoyikiso malunga nongcoliseko lolwandle, okoko imveliso kunye nokuhanjiswa kweoyile kukhule kakhulu ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zoqoqosho lwangoku.
Ngenxa yokuchitheka kweoyile elwandle, afe uninzi lwezilwanyana ezihlala kuzo
Masikhe sicinge ngayo yonke into eyivelisayo i-petroleum, kwaye ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iiplastikhi kunye nezinye iimveliso, Ngelishwa konke oku kubonakala kuphelela emazantsi olwandle.
Iziphumo ezibi zeoyile yaselwandle
Kuthiwa ngaphezulu kwe-80% yongcoliseko olenzeka kwiilwandlekazi impazamo yethu, kwaye ngokusisiseko kungenxa yokusetyenziswa gwenxa esikwenzayo ngeoyile.
Ukongeza, ngenxa yeenzame ezininzi zokucoca ukuphelisa intsalela yeoyile efumaneka emazantsi olwandle, kubonisiwe ukuba Ukonakaliswa kwamanzi kunye nobomi baselwandle kuyaqhubeka ubuncinci iminyaka eli-10. Ukuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba kukho ukuchitheka kweoyile rhoqo ngonyaka, inani leziphumo ezinjalo liyatshabalalisa.
Uthintelo kunye nolawulo longcoliseko lwaselwandle ngeoyile
Xa inqaku lokungcoliseka elwandle ngenxa yeoyile likho, uthotho lwezifundo zommandla ziyenziwa ukugqiba umthetho olandelwayo, ukuze ube nakho yicoce ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ibala lincinci, unokukhetha ukulinda linyibilike ngokwendalo, nangona eyona nto iqhelekileyo kukuthintela ngaphambi kokuba usebenze.
Ngesi sizathu, olu hlobo lothintelo lwaselwandle luhlala lwenziwa ukusuka kwizikhephe ezinemigaqo-nkqubo yayo ilandelayo:
- Ukuphuhliswa kwemigangatho yobugcisa yokufaka isicelo kwiitanki
- Ukuhlolwa kobugcisa bamatanki
- Ukulawulwa kwetrafikhi yaselwandle
- Uqeqesho
- Ukuphendula kuthetha ukuthintela iingozi (iinqaba zokulawula, iinqwelo zokutsala, njl.
Ungcoliseko lwezixhobo zamanzi
Ulwandle ayilulo lodwa olufumana ukungcola, enyanisweni sinengxaki enkulu ngenxa yongcoliseko lwemilambo kunye namachibi.
Ngelishwa, zininzi iiarhente ezinokungcolisa imilambo kunye namachibi. Eyona ibalulekileyo iya kuba:
- amanzi amdaka kunye nezinye iintsalela ezifuna ioksijini (ezihlala zizinto eziphilayo, ukubola kwazo kuvelisa ukungabikho kwamanzi).
- Izifo ezosulelayo oko kuphelela ekubangeleni iingxaki zesisu kunye nezifo ezoyikekayo kwabo basela la manzi (ikholera, ...).
- Tyala izondlo Zenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo zasemanzini, ezigcina zibolile, ziphelise ioksijini enyibilikileyo kwaye zibangele ngaphezulu kwevumba elibi.
- Iimveliso zamachiza, ezifana nezibulala-zinambuzane, iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zorhwebo, izinto zemichiza iqulethwe kwisepha, iisepha kunye neemveliso zokubola kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
- Izimbiwa ezingaphiliyo kunye neeMichiza.