Isijikelezi-langa sethu sinama-33% omhlaba wonke owonakaliswe kukhukuliseko lomhlaba. Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba luyonyuswa xa ulimo olunzulu lusebenzisa kakhulu amandla omhlaba ukuphucula imveliso yezityalo. Ikamva elisilindeleyo ngokwemiqathango yezolimo nomgangatho womhlaba alikho bhetele kunangoku. Ngo-2050, i-10% yazo zonke izivuno ezikhoyo kwezolimo kulindeleke ukuba zilahleke ngenxa yokhukuliseko lomhlaba. Ukujongana nale meko, sinethemba elinye: ukulima nkqo.
Yintoni ukulima nkqo kwaye kungantoni? Siza kukuxelela konke oku kweli nqaku.
Yintoni ukulima nkqo
Namhlanje awukho umhlaba omninzi onezityalo ezityebileyo ngokwawo ngaphandle koncedo lweekhemikhali. IMadrid likhaya lenye yezona mveliso zinkulu zotyani kulo lonke elaseSpain. Liziko lokuma nkqo. Kwaye ezolimo zimi nkqo indlela engaqhelekanga kwezolimo evumela ukuba kutyalwe izityalo ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo ezinemigangatho emininzi. Xa umkhulu kwaye umde isakhiwo, kokukhona kungagcinwa izityalo ezininzi. Ezi zakhiwo zisebenza ngokufanayo ne-greenhouse. Imalunga nokulungiswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kokusingqongileyo ukwandisa ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokonyusa imveliso.
Izakhiwo ezinikezelwe kwezolimo nkqo zihlala zide zibe zi skyscrapers ezinobungakanani obukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yale mihla efana hydroponics ukuze zikhule izityalo. Ngaphandle kwento onokucinga ngayo ngomntu osebenza evelisa izityalo, isuti yokusebenza kwezi ndawo yingubo yelebhu. Ngokuvela kotyando, iingcali kwizityalo ezime nkqo zisebenza ukunciphisa inani lomhlaba oxhatshazwe kakhulu kwezolimo kunye nokuphucula ukuze umgangatho weemveliso ubengcono kwaye ungcono.
Ukuze ungene kwinxalenye yezityalo ezime nkqo, kufuneka kubulawe iintsholongwane kuqala. Nje ukuba impahla ilungisiwe, ungena kwiindawo ezikhulayo. EMadrid kukho iindawo zezityalo ezinesikwere seemitha ezili-1000 zezityalo, nezityalo ezingama-20 ukuphakama. Ezi zakhiwo zinikezelwe ngqo kwezolimo zigxile ekukhuleni iitumato, chard, lettuce, njl. Ukutshintsha ilanga, ziyasetyenziswa Iibhalbhu ezikhokelwayo umgangatho ophezulu ukukhuthaza ukukhula okufanelekileyo.
Olu hlobo lwezolimo lukwaziwa njenge ezolimo zangaphakathi. Makhe sibone iinkcukacha.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Phakathi kwezibonelelo esizifumana ngokusetyenziswa kwezolimo nkqo esinazo:
- Indawo encinci iyafuneka ukuze sikwazi ukuvelisa ukutya. Njengokuba inani labemi behlabathi likhula ngakumbi nangakumbi, kukho imfuneko engaphezulu yokutya. Ke ngoko, isixa somhlaba ochumileyo sincitshisiwe kwaye okuseleyo kwehlisiwe. Ngezi fama zimi nkqo, iimeko zasedolophini zisetyenziselwa ukutyala nokulima.
- Itekhnoloji ye-LED iya ngexabiso eliphantsi, ke imveliso iyanciphisa iindleko zakho. Ngale ndlela, nangona izityalo zingenakukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga, zinokukhula ngexabiso eliphantsi.
- Le marike ikhula kuqoqosho olufana nolweAsia kunye nePacific.
- Umboleki uyiqonda ngakumbi imeko-bume. Ke ngoko, imfuno yokutya eneekhemikhali ezimbalwa iya isanda iphakama. Iifama zangaphakathi zenza ukuba kube nakho ukuvelisa iimveliso zalapha ekhaya kunye nokunciphisa umgama wezothutho kwaye, ke, ungcoliseko lomoya.
Inyani yile yokuba imveliso kwezolimo nkqo inako ukwandisa imveliso phakathi kwe-40% kunye ne-100% xa kuthelekiswa nesiqhelo. Ngale ndlela, kusetyenziswa amanzi amancinci, kuncinci i-agrochemicals kwaye ayifuni msebenzi mkhulu. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba abasebenzi kufuneka bafaneleke ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ayongxaki.
Zonke ezinye ezolimo eziqhelekileyo zingasetyenziswa kwezolimo ezizinzileyo okanye zolondolozo. Ngale ndlela, asizukuthatha ukusetyenziswa kwemihlaba ukuze iphele ingakhathalelwanga kwaye ihlulwe. Yiyo eyenzekayo nesenzeko esaziwa ngokuba yimfuduko yasemaphandleni.
Isivuno esinye esifanayo
Ngenxa yezibonelelo ezifunyenwe kwezolimo nkqo, ii-sowings zinokuphantse zisebenze ngokuzenzekelayo. Oku kuyenza igcineke ngakumbi kuba isivuno esifunyenweyo senziwe ngokufana ngakumbi. Inkunkuma yokutya iyancitshiswa kwaye kuvunyelwe ukuba nezityalo ezininzi ngonyaka kwimveliso enye.
Le ndlela yokulima nayo iyasivumela ayixhomekeki kwiimeko zangaphandle ezifana nemozulu kunye nemozulu ngawo onke amaxesha. Izityalo ezininzi ziyatshatyalaliswa okanye zithotyiwe ziinkqwithela ezinkulu. Ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo zikhuselwe kuyo nayiphi na imeko engqongileyo.
Olu hlobo lwezolimo lunempembelelo entle kumonakalo oveliswe kwindalo. Umzekelo, ngokungasebenzisi uninzi lwezibulali zinambuzane, iyeza lokutshabalalisa ukhula, izichumisi ze nitrogen kunye nezitshabalalisi, akukho mhlaba namanzi aphantsi komhlaba angcolisekileyo. Oku kuyachaphazela ukubuyela ngcono emhlabeni emva kwexesha lokukhula. Ukongeza, ukuba izityalo ezime nkqo aziwusebenzisi umhlaba, zinokusetyenziselwa ezinye izinto ezinje ngomhlaba wehlathi.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo ezibonelelwa ngokulima nkqo zivumela ukukhula okukhawulezileyo kwesityalo. Oku kuya kuboniswa kwiprofayili eyahlukileyo yesondlo kwaye kuya kubonisa ukuphuculwa kweempawu ze-organoleptic kwezo zesityalo sendabuko.
Ukulima nkqo kweYurophu
Ithuba lokukwazi ukulawula Imozulu yangaphakathi yezityalo yenza ukuba kube nakho ukuba "nemifuno kwi-la carte". Oku kunokubenza bakhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye baphucule iprofayili yesondlo. Ukuze obu buchule bunwenwe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kubalulekile ukuba umthengi abe nengcinga elungileyo yolu hlobo lwesityalo. Ke, kuyakubakho ukuba kutyalwe imali ekuphuculeni ubuchule bezolimo beedolophu nasezidolophini.
Itekhnoloji yeefama zangaphakathi eYurophu Ivumela ukuba nesivuno kwiintsuku nje ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-40, xa into eqhelekileyo ingaphandle ziintsuku ezingama-65.
Njengoko ubona, ukulima nkqo lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokunciphisa ifuthe lokusingqongileyo kwimihlaba ejikeleze umhlaba. Ndiyathemba ukuba itekhnoloji yabo iyaphucuka kwaye baya besebenza ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Zintle zonke ezi nkqubela phambili ngokunxulumene nomxholo obuthathaka kwaye ubalulekile njengezolimo. Ndiyathemba nje ukuba olu hlobo lwetekhnoloji lwenziwe lwafumaneka kuthi abo bangenayo imali yotyalo-mali olukhulu. Ndiyayithanda imbono yolu hlobo lwezolimo kwaye ndifuna ngandlela thile ukuba ngumanyano kula manyathelo ukuze ndibone ukuba singabaphuhlisa njani kwilizwe lam, eVenezuela, apho sinengxaki yemveliso yokutya enzulu. Ndingathanda ukwazi ukuba ngaba kukho imibutho kwihlabathi liphela enokuthi ixhase ukuxhasa ezi zindululo kwilizwe lam, kwaye ingaba loluphi na utyalo mali oluncinci ukuqala ngendlela ethobekileyo, luhlobo luni loqeqesho olufunekayo, loluphi uhlobo lwezixhobo, izixhobo njl. Ukuba kukho umntu eVenezuela ophuhlisa olu hlobo lwezolimo, amakhonkco, apho anokufumana khona uqeqesho nge-Intanethi okanye ngobuqu, imibutho enokuxhasa ngezimali ngolu hlobo lwezolimo, njl. Nceda undincede ndibangele ezi nkxalabo kwaye ndiphakamise iiflegi zeli nyathelo lihle lezolimo eVenezuela. Ndiyathemba ukuba uyandixhasa kwaye inkxalabo yam ayihlali yodwa. Ozithobileyo, Mnu. Jose Luis Bustamante Whatsapp (+58 4128789187)