Kucacile ukuba abantu bebelahla iitoni kunye neetoni zeplastiki elwandle ngendlela engalawulekiyo kule minyaka ingamashumi idlulileyo. Le plastiki yadala intlekele eyenzeka elwandle. Kwaye iiplastiki, izinto esizisebenzisayo, yayiyimini yethu yemihla ngemihla kwaye asiphinde senziwe kwakhona, silinganiswe sisebenzisa njengoko kufanelekile. Ukuthintela le meko kunye nokucoca iilwandle zeplastiki, le projekthi yazalwa Ukucocwa kolwandle. Yiprojekti ethi izame ukucoca iilwandle ze-placid esizikhumbuza abantu.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba yeyiphi iprojekthi yokuCoca uLwandle kunye neempawu zayo.
Ungcoliseko lweelwandle ngeplastiki
Iplastiki zizinto esizisebenzisa yonke imihla izixa ezikhulu kwaye ezinokufumaneka kwiindawo ezinjengeendlela zamanzi neelwandle ngokufunxa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini. Ngokuqinisekileyo le mveliso iyangcolisa kangangokuba iphelela elwandle nakwiilwandle kwaye ibeke emngciphekweni ubomi bezilwanyana zaselwandle nezethu. Sithi oko kubeka emngciphekweni impilo yethu okoko singafaka iiplastikhi ezincinci kwikhonkco lokutya. Le plastiki ifakwa zizilwanyana njengoko ifunyanwa idada elwandle nakwiilwandle jikelele.
Okwangoku ezinye iinjongo ziyenziwa ukunciphisa inkunkuma elwandle. Le projekthi yaziwa ngokuba yi-Ocean Cleanup. Kule projekthi kukho itekhnoloji elungiselelwe ukuba ikwazi ukukhupha inkunkuma yeplastiki kwaye iyithintele ukuba ingangcoliseki kwakhona.
Ehlabathini lonke, isixa esikhulu seplastiki siveliswa esiphelela kwiilwandle nakwiilwandle zomhlaba wonke. Singajonga phantse naphi na ubuninzi beendiza, izikhongozeli, iinethi zalo naluphi na uhlobo, iibhotile, iingxowanjl. Yonke le nkunkuma iyila inani elikhulu leziqithi zenkunkuma embindini wolwandle. Sele zikho iziqithi ezi-5 zeplastiki elwandle. Ezona zikhulu zazo ziphakathi kweHawaii neCalifornia kwaye ibizwa ngokuba sisiqwenga senkunkuma sePacific. Ezi ziqithi zeplastikhi zenziwe yimisinga yolwandle ethi igcine ngokugcina yonke le nkunkuma kwindawo enye.
Ndimele nditsho nje ukuba olu ungcoliseko lubangela ukuncipha komgangatho wamanzi kwaye lubeka engozini ubomi bezilwanyana zasemanzini. Ezi zilwanyana zihlala zitya inkunkuma, ziyiphutha njengokutya okuqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, abanye abaninzi bayaziphambanisa ezi plastiki kwaye babanjwe kuzo. Iifudo zaselwandle zezona zilwanyana zinempazamo enkulu kwiingxowa zeplastiki zejellyfish kunye xa zingenisiwe zibangela iingxaki zempilo kunye nokufa. Ezinye izilwanyana ziyabanjiswa yinkunkuma yeplastiki kwaye zonzakele kakubi La manxeba ayabathintela ekuhambeni, ekondleni okanye ekwenzeni nawuphi na umsebenzi onjengokuzingela.
Iziphumo zongcoliseko lolwandle
Njengoko kulindelwe, le ngxaki ayichaphazeli izilwanyana zaselwandle kuphela, kodwa nabantu. Kungenxa yokuba sitya ukutya okuninzi kwaselwandle. Ungcoliseko esilwenzileyo lunokutshintsha imeko yezinto eziphilayo kwaye luphele emzimbeni wethu ngokutya.
Ukunciphisa iingxaki zongcoliseko lweplastiki, iprojekthi yokucoca ulwandle yazalwa. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukunceda ukucoca indalo yaselwandle, nangona la manyathelo engakhawulezi ngokwaneleyo ukuba anganakho ukumisa ungcoliseko ngokufanelekileyo. Iiprojekthi ezinkulu ziyafuneka ezinokudibanisa ukucocwa kwento esele iqokelelwe elwandle kunye nokukhusela ukungeniswa kwenkunkuma entsha. Sebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezinje ngezikhephe kuya kubabiza amawaka ezigidi zeedola kunye namawaka eminyaka ukuphumeza. Isisombululo kukuCoca uLwandle.
I-Ocean Cleanup
Le projekthi yazalwa ngesandla somfundi ongumDatshi uBoyan Slat owacebisa isicwangciso esisebenzayo sokucoca iiplastiki elwandle. Esi sicwangciso sisesekuqaleni kwaye kufuneka silungiswe kwaye siphuculwe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukusebenza kwale projekthi kuphezulu kakhulu. Ukucocwa kolwandle Injongo yokukhupha inkunkuma elwandle nakwiilwandle ngokusebenzisa indlela nje. Le ndlela ithetha ukuba umntu akunyanzelekanga ukuba angenelele ukuze ayisebenzise, kodwa uthatha ithuba lokuqhutywa ngumoya kunye nemisinga yolwandle yokuxinana kunye nokuqokelelwa kweplastiki.
Ngale ndlela, le projekthi isekwe ikakhulu kufakelo lweenkqubo zezithintelo ezidadayo ezibekwe ngobuchule kuLwandlekazi lwePasifiki lwaseNyakatho ezinakho ukuqokelela inkunkuma etsalwa yimisinga yolwandle kunye nomoya. Lo mqobo udada ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ubude beemitha ezingama-600 ubude kwaye buya kuba neengalo ezimbini eziqhotyoshelwe kwizithintelo ezifakwe emanzini malunga ne-3 yeemitha ubunzulu. Oku kuthintela inkunkuma ekubalekeni ngaphantsi. Iingalo ezidadayo zibekwe ngendlela eyi-V ukuze zikwazi ukugxila kuyo yonke inkunkuma ekumbindi wesithintelo.
Iqonga lesilinda lifakiwe elisebenza njengesiqulatho sokugcina inkunkuma. Ngoncedo lwezinye izikhephe Inkunkuma iya kususwa malunga neentsuku ezingama-45 kwaye iya kubuyiselwa elizweni. Nje ukuba ibuyiselwe kwimpucuko, inokuphinda isetyenziswe iphinde ithengiswe ukuze iphinde isetyenziswe, iqinisekisa ukuba ukuzicoca elwandle kunye neelwandle kuyazinza.
Ucoceka njani uLwandle
Ngenxa yokuba kukho ezi-5 kwaye kukho inkunkuma eninzi esasazwe kwiilwandlekazi kwihlabathi liphela, kuhloswe ukufakela imiqobo kwiziqithi ezi-5. Kwezi ndawo, imisinga yolwandle ingunobangela wokugcina inkunkuma kwezi ndawo. Kwaye kukuba kukho imijikelo yolwandle ejikelezayo kwi UMntla noMzantsi woLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya nakuMntla nakuMazantsi oLwandlekazi lweAtlantic. Kwezi ndawo iprojekthi iya kuba nakho ukunceda ukubamba iiplastikhi ezinobungakanani obahlukeneyo. Ukusuka koku ezo ziqwenga zincinci ezino-mm kuphela ngobukhulu kubutyobo obukhulu obufana neenetha ezinkulu zokuloba.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga neprojekthi yokuCoca uLwandle.