I-greenhouse effect yinto yendalo yomoya ojikeleze umhlaba kwaye ngoko ke inxalenye yomsebenzi wendalo wobomi bobomi. Nangona kunjalo, xa esi siphumo siqinisa kwaye siba sikhulu kunesiphumo sendalo, umphumo wendalo we-greenhouse uyayeka ukubakho kwaye ube mbi, ikakhulu obangelwa kukwanda komsebenzi womntu. Phakathi kwe izizathu zempembelelo ye-greenhouse embi, eyona ibalaseleyo kukwanda kokukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse kwinkqubo yethu yamandla. Ngokusisiseko, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili nezinto eziphuma kuzo, igesi yendalo namalahle afak’ isandla ekuphumeni kwezi gesi, nto leyo eyongeza ingxaki. Phakathi kwemiphumo yale nto sifumana ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokuncipha kweentlobo. Ngethamsanqa, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ukulungisa le ngxaki.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siya kuzinikela eli nqaku ukukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga nezizathu ze-greenhouse effect kunye nemiphumo yayo.
Yintoni i-greenhouse effect
Isiphumo se greenhouse Yinkqubo yendalo eyenzeka kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba.. Inkqubo iqala xa amandla elanga efika kumhlaba, ehamba emoyeni, kwaye afudumeza umhlaba okanye i-geosphere, kunye namanzi angaphezulu okanye i-hydrosphere. Ubushushu obuphuma phezu kwesi sijikelezi-langa buyaphakama, iigesi ezisemoyeni zilawula ukugcina inxalenye yamandla ikwimo yobushushu, ize enye ibuyiselwe esibhakabhakeni ngokusebenzisa iatmosfera. Ngale ndlela, ubomi bunokubakho eMhlabeni njengoko siwazi kuba amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo ayegcinwa phantsi kwezinye iimeko.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kweminyaka, impembelelo yomsebenzi womntu kwiplanethi iye yachaphazela le nkqubo, ijika ibe yinto engalunganga. Le nkqubo yendalo kuyingozi kwiplanethi kwaye ngenxa yoko kubo bonke ubomi obukuyo, ngenxa yokuba ungcoliseko oluvela kwimisebenzi yabantu luye lwakhula ngokukhawuleza kwiinkulungwane zamva nje, ngakumbi kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, luye lwenzeka kakhulu kangangokuba ngeli xesha kwenziwa umphumo ombi we-greenhouse.
Ngoko ke, thina bantu siyayingcolisa indalo ngokuyigcwalisa ngeegesi zegreenhouse kwimisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla, njenge ukuvelisa, ukuqhuba, ukusetyenziswa kwe-aerosols okanye ezolimo ezinzulu kunye nezoshishino. Zinyukela kwiatmosfera kwaye zigcinwe, zithintela ubushushu obuphuma kumphezulu ukuba bukhutshwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye bugcinwe yi-atmosfera, into eyenzekayo kanye kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo, isantya sokunyuka kobushushu beplanethi.
Izizathu zempembelelo ye-greenhouse
Njengoko besitshilo, unobangela wefuthe elibi le-greenhouse kukwanda kwemisebenzi yabantu evela kungcoliseko, ezivelisa iigesi ezihlala emoyeni kwaye zincede ukunyusa ubushushu. Ngokubanzi, izizathu eziphambili zeengxaki ze-ozone zezi zilandelayo:
- Umzi-mveliso wemizi-mveliso.
- Ulimo olumandla.
- Sebenzisa isitshizi.
- Ukuchacha kakubi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto.
- Isebenzisa amafutha efosili kwaye ayifane isebenzise amandla ahlaziyekayo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kombane ngokugqithisileyo okungaveliyo kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo.
- Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezithuthi ezingcolisekileyo ezinjengeemoto, iibhasi, izithuthuthu kunye neenqwelomoya ezisebenzisa i-fossil fuel derivatives.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi.
Zonke ezi zenzo zomntu zikhokelela ekwandeni kweegesi ezinobungozi ezifaka isandla kwi-greenhouse effect.
Yintoni iiGHGs
Iigesi eziphambili ze-greenhouse ezineempawu zokugquma i-thermal zezi zilandelayo:
- Umphunga wamanzi.
- IMethane (CH4).
- Ikhabhon diokside (CO2).
- IiChlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
- I-Ozone (O3).
- I-nitrous oxide (N2O).
iziphumo kunye neziphumo
Impembelelo yengxaki kwi-ozone layer ekugqibeleni yakhokelela ekuqapheliseni okunzulu kwiplanethi yonke. Kukho imfuneko yokuqonda nokwenza abanye baqonde, ngakumbi ngemfundo yabantwana, malunga nefuthe kunye nokuqonda impembelelo yegreenhouse, kunye ubuzaza bayo kubomi babantu nezinye iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana. Ezi ziziphumo zale ngxaki ye-atmospheric:
- Ubushushu beplanethi bonyuke kakhulu.
- Impembelelo yemitha yelanga iyanda.
- Imo iyatshintsha.
- Iziphumo zemozulu kunye nokutshintsha kwendalo kwi-ikhosistim.
- Imbalela iqatsela kwiindawo ezidla ngokuba nemvula.
- Kuya kubakho imvula eninzi kunye nezaqhwithi kwiindawo eziqhele ukuba manzi kakhulu kwaye zinemvula.
- Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba, ilahleko yokuchuma kwezolimo.
- Ukunyibilika komkhenkce omhlophe kunye nomkhenkce, njengeGalenland edumileyo enyibilikayo.
- Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba amanzi elwandle, elwandle, emilanjeni, emachibini, emachibini, njl.
- Izikhukula zenzeka kwimimandla eselunxwemeni ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo amanzi.
Izisombululo ezinokwenzeka
Ekugqibeleni, siya kuphawula malunga nokuba zeziphi izisombululo ezikhoyo ngokuchasene nefuthe le-greenhouse, kuba kuyimfuneko ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukumisa ukwanda kwayo kunye nokunciphisa izinga leegesi eziyingozi. Ke ngoko, njengomlinganiselo wokunciphisa i-greenhouse effect kunye nokuthintela ukwanda kunye nobunzima, sinokulandela ezi ngcebiso:
- Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse efana ne-CO2 kunye ne-CH4.
- Sebenzisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo endaweni yamafutha efosili, izinto eziphuma kuzo, igesi yendalo namalahle.
- Sebenzisa izithuthi zikawonke-wonke kunye nezinye iindlela zothutho ezingangcolisi, ezifana neebhayisekile okanye ezinye iindlela zothutho ze-ikholoji.
- Ukuphakamisa ulwazi nge-ecology phakathi kwabemi kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukufaka olu lwazi ebantwaneni kwaye ubafundise into abanokuyenza ukuphucula ingxaki.
- Ukunciphisa ukutya kwenyama kwaye ke ngoko kuncitshiswe ukusetyenziswa kwemfuyo enzima kunye nemveliso, khetha imfuyo eguqulwe ngokwemfuzo kunye neminye imfuyo eyihloniphayo imo engqongileyo.
- Oorhulumente babandakanyekile ekuthabatheni amanyathelo okunciphisa le ngxaki nokuthintela ukwanda kwempembelelo yegreenhouse nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Umzekelo wale milinganiselo yiProtocol yaseKyoto.
- Qhubeka uphanda uphuculo olunokubakho olunxulumene nemiba yokusingqongileyo.
- Hlaziya kwaye usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Kwesi sikhokelo sokurisayikilisha sicacisa indlela yokurisayikilisha inkunkuma ekhaya.
- Musa ukumosha amandla, njengombane ekhayeni lakho.
- Yitya iimveliso eziphilayo.
- Umonakalo omkhulu kwizityalo kunye neentlobo zezilwanyana ngenxa yokutshintsha kweemeko zokusingqongileyo zomhlaba.
- Ukufuduka kwezilwanyana nabantu.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nezizathu ze-greenhouse effect kunye neempawu zayo.