Ukudilika komhlaba yenye yeentlekele zemvelo ezininzi ezibangela intshabalalo enkulu kunye nokufa kwabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Ilungiswa ngohlobo lomhlaba, ukuthambekela, indawo yeendawo zabantu kunye nobukho beenyikima kunye / okanye izaqhwithi ezinamandla. Kukho izizathu ezininzi kunye neziphumo ezikhokelela ekwahlukeni iziphumo zokudilika komhlaba.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokudilika komhlaba kwaye zeziphi izizathu kunye nemiphumo yazo.
Iziphumo zokudilika komhlaba
Ngokophononongo olwenziwa yi-International Centre for Landslides kwiYunivesithi yaseDurham e-UK, kukho ii-2.620 ezibulalayo zokudilika komhlaba phakathi kwe-2004 kunye ne-2010. Oku kudilika komhlaba kubulale abantu abangaphezu kwama-32,322. Eli nani alibandakanyi ukudilika komhlaba okubangelwe yinyikima. Izinto ezifunyanisiweyo ziyakhwankqisa xa kujongwa inani lokufa kwabantu okubangelwa kukudilika komhlaba. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqonda izizathu kunye neempawu ezilumkisayo zokudilika komhlaba okunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ilahleko.
Ukudilika komhlaba, maxa wambi okubizwa ngokuba kukudilika komhlaba, ukungaphumeleli kwethambeka, okanye ukudilika komhlaba, kukuqukuqela okungalawulekiyo kwamatye, ukungcola, ubutyobo, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zozithathu. I-landslides yisiphumo sokungaphumeleli kwezinto ezenza i-slope kwaye zomelezwe ngumxhuzulane.. Xa umhlaba ugcwele, awuzinzi kwaye ungalungelelani ixesha elide. Kulapho kwaqhambuka ukudilika komhlaba. Xa abantu behlala kwezi nduli okanye kwezi ntaba, kudla ngokuba yinto nje yexeshana ngaphambi kokuba kufike intlekele.
Oonobangela bendalo bokudilika komhlaba
Nangona ukudilika komhlaba kugqalwa njengeentlekele zemvelo, utshintsho olubangelwa ngabantu luye lwabenza babuyela mva nje. Nangona ukudilika komhlaba kunezizathu ezahlukeneyo, zimbini izinto ezifanayo: zinikwa amandla ngumxhuzulane kwaye zisisiphumo sokutshatyalaliswa komhlaba kunye nezixhobo zamatye ezenza induli.
sezulu
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kwexesha elide kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuzinza komhlaba. Ukuncitshiswa kwemvula kukonke kukhokelela kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba kunye nobunzima bomhlaba. ukuchithwa okuncinci kwezinto kunye nomsebenzi omncinci wokukhenkceza kunye nokunyibilika. Ukunyuka okubonakalayo kwemvula okanye ukugcwala komhlaba kuya kwandisa kakhulu amanqanaba omhlaba. Ukudilika komhlaba kwenzeka xa indawo ethambekileyo igcwala ngokupheleleyo ngamanzi. Ngaphandle kokuxhaswa komatshini weengcambu, umhlaba uya kuqala ukulahlekelwa yiwo.
Iinyikima
Imisebenzi yenyikima kudala ibangela ukudilika komhlaba kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngalo lonke ixesha iipleyiti zetectonic zihamba, ngokunjalo nomhlaba ozigubungeleyo. Xa inyikima ibetha ithambeka, kwiimeko ezininzi ukudilika komhlaba kunye nokudilika komhlaba kuyenzeka. Ukongeza, uthuthu lwentaba-mlilo kunye nokudilika komhlaba okubangelwa ziinyikima kunokubangela iintshukumo ezinkulu zomhlaba.
Imozulu
Imozulu yinkqubo yendalo yokuwohloka kwamatye, ukwenza izinto buthathaka kwaye zithande ukudilika komhlaba. Imozulu iveliswa yintshukumo yemichiza yamanzi, umoya, izityalo kunye neebhaktheriya. Xa amatye ekhubekile ngokwaneleyo, anokutyibilika aze abangele ukudilika komhlaba.
Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba
Ukhukuliseko lwemisinga yamanzi ngamaxesha athile njenge imilambo, imilambo, umoya, imisinga, umkhenkce, amaza, njl., ibangela ukuba i-latent and lateral support ye-slope iphele, kunye nokudilika komhlaba kwenzeke.
Iintaba-mlilo
Ugqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo lunokubangela ukudilika komhlaba. Ukuba ugqabhuko-dubulo lwenzeka kwiimeko ezimanzi, umhlaba uya kuqala ukuhla, ubangele ukudilika komhlaba. IStratovolcano ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wentaba-mlilo enoxanduva lokudilika komhlaba okuninzi.
Umlilo wehlathi
Imililo yamahlathi ibangela ukhukuliseko lomhlaba kwaye ikhokelela kwizikhukula, nto leyo nazo zibangela ukudilika komhlaba
Gravity
Amathambeka anyukayo adityaniswe nomxhuzulane anokubangela ukudilika komhlaba okukhulu.
Izinto ezibangela uZintu zokuZidilika komhlaba
Imigodi
Las imisebenzi yemigodi ngobuchule bokuqhushumba ngoyena nobangela wokudilika komhlaba. Ukungcangcazela okuvela kuqhushumbo kungenza buthathaka umhlaba kwezinye iindawo ezithandwa kukudilika komhlaba. Ukuba buthathaka komhlaba kuthetha ukuba ukudilika komhlaba kunokwenzeka nanini na.
ukusika okucocekileyo
Ukugawula imithi yindlela yokugawula imithi esusa yonke imithi emidala ekulo mmandla. Obu buchule buyingozi kuba buguqula ubume bomatshini beengcambu kwindawo.
Iziphumo ezimbi zokudilika komhlaba
Ukudodobala
Ukudilika komhlaba kuboniswe ukuba kubangele ukonakala kwempahla. Ukuba ukuhla kubaluleke kakhulu, kunokuphelisa uqoqosho lommandla okanye ilizwe. Emva kokuwa, indawo echaphazelekayo idla ngokulungiswa. Ulungiso olunjalo lubandakanya inkcitho enkulu yemali. Umzekelo, ukudilika komhlaba ngowe-1983 eUtah, eUnited States, kwaxabisa malunga nee-$500 ezigidi ukuyilungisa. Ilahleko evela kukudilika komhlaba eUnited States iqikelelwa kwi-1.5 yezigidigidi zeedola ngonyaka.
Izibonelelo
Ukuhamba ngenkani kodaka, igrabile, namatye okubangelwa kukudilika komhlaba kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Iziseko ezingundoqo ezifana neendlela, umzila kaloliwe, iindawo zokuzonwabisa, izakhiwo kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano zinokutshatyalaliswa kukudilika komhlaba omnye.
Ubomi obulahlekileyo
Uluntu oluhlala emazantsi entaba lusemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufa ngenxa yokudilika komhlaba. Ukudilika komhlaba okukhulu kuzisa amatye amakhulu, inkunkuma enzima, nomhlaba oshinyeneyo. Olu hlobo lwesilayidi lunamandla okubulala abantu abaninzi kwimpembelelo. Umzekelo, ukudilika komhlaba e-UK kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo kubangele inkunkuma ejikelezayo watshabalalisa isikolo waza wabulala abantu abangaphezu kwe-144, kuquka nabantwana abahamba isikolo abali-116 abaneminyaka esi-7 ukuya kweli-10 ubudala. Kwesinye isiganeko, i-NBC News yabika ukuba abantu be-21 babulawa kwi-mudslide e-Oso, eWashington ngo-Matshi 22, i-2014.
Ichaphazela ubuhle bendawo
Ukhukuliseko olubangelwa kukudilika komhlaba lushiye inkangeleko yomhlaba embhoxo nengathandekiyo. Iimfumba zomhlaba, amatye kunye nenkunkuma efunyenwe kumathambeka Banokuhlawula umhlaba osetyenziswa luluntu ngeenjongo zolimo okanye ezentlalo.
Impembelelo kwi-ikhosistim yomlambo
Ubumdaka, inkunkuma, namatye atyibilika ezantsi emathambekeni anokungena emilanjeni aze athintele ukuhamba kwawo kwendalo. Iindawo ezininzi zokuhlala eziselunxwemeni, njengeentlanzi, zinokufa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwendalo kwamanzi. Uluntu oluxhomekeke emlanjeni kwimisebenzi yasemakhaya kunye nokunkcenkceshela luya kuchaphazeleka ukuba ukuhamba kwamanzi kuvaliwe.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nemiphumo yokudilika komhlaba kunye neempawu zabo.