Ekwenziweni komhlaba ochumileyo onceda ukuphuhliswa kwezityalo kunye neoksijini yomhlaba kukho uhlobo loqeqesho olunikezelwe kulo. Imalunga ne- inkcubeko. Ngumsebenzi ojolise ekuzaleni nasekuphindaphindeni kweentshulube ukuze kwandiswe inani lezi annelids emhlabeni. Ngale nto, ivermicompost inokulungiswa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo. Kukwaziwa njengegama lokulima izilwanyana kumazwe amaninzi.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu kunye nokubaluleka kwe-vermiculture.
Yintoni i-vermiculture
Xa sithetha ngezidiliya, sibhekisa kuyo yonke imisebenzi eyenziweyo ngenjongo yokunyusa nokwandisa imveliso yeentshulube ze-epigeal. Oku kuthetha ukuba ziimpethu ezinomjikelo wobomi wazo ohlukileyo kuleyo ixhaphakileyo egadini. Ziyimisundululu efumaneka ngaphezulu kwaye unyango lwenziwa ukuze kwandiswe inani labo. Ngombulelo kubukho beentshulube, singayiguqula inkunkuma ephilayo ukuze iphinde isetyenziswe ngendlela yesichumiso kunye neeproteni zomhlaba. Umgquba odalwe ziintshulube uneempawu ezilungileyo kakhulu kwaye unjalo Ibizwa ngokuba yivermicompost okanye ivermicompost.
I-Vermiculture ijoyine umgquba wasekhaya ezindlwini kuba ngenxa yemigqomo yomgquba ungagcina yonke inkunkuma ephilayo kwaye uvumele iintshulube zenze umsebenzi wazo. Olu qeqesho lube ngumkhwa ohambelana nokuzinza kwendalo. Kungenxa yokuba inoxanduva lokunyanga inkunkuma yendalo ukuvelisa izichumisi zendalo kunye nezendalo. Ngale ndlela, iimeko zomzimba zekhemikhali ziyaphuculwa kwaye inyama iveliswe ngeprotein yezilwanyana iyaveliswa.
Luhlobo lomsebenzi okhawulezisa ngokubonakalayo ukubuya kwenkunkuma yendalo. Ezi nkunkuma zezinto eziphilayo zisetyenziswa zizityalo ukukhula nokuzondla. Enye yeenzuzo zokwenza ingca kukuba owona mhlaba uwohlokileyo uyafunyanwa kuba ihlala iphathwa gwenxa ngenxa yokusebenzisa kakhulu izichumisi, i-herbicides, i-pesticides kunye nezinye iikhemikhali zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo. Imihlaba emininzi ilahlekelwe kukuchuma kwendalo kwaye ngenxa yenkqubo yokulima inokubuyiselwa kancinci kancinci.
Iimbumba zomhlaba kwimbali
Njengokuba inzululwazi ifundile i-morphology kunye neempawu zemisundululu, ifumanise ukubaluleka kwendima yabo ekuphuculeni umhlaba weefama. Kwi-Egypt yamandulo yayisele isaziwa njengenye yezona zilwanyana ziphambili ukuphucula ukuchuma kweNtlambo yomNayile. Baninzi abemi abaxhomekeke ekuchumeni kwalo mhlaba kwaye, bona, baxhomekeke kubukho kunye nokusebenza kwezi zilwanyana.
Iifaroo zazinezohlwayo ezininzi kwaye zinzima kakhulu ezicwangciselwe abo bonakalise ngokungekho mthethweni okanye bathengisa iintshulube. Isithandi sobulumko esingumGrike u-Aristotle wachaza imisundululu njengemathumbu omhlaba. Kungoko ukubaluleka kokusebenza kwezi zilwanyana emhlabeni. Kuyo yonke imbali bayaliwe ngokubanzi nangamaRoma. Kwakusekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX xa imisebenzi yemisundululu kunye nendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo emhlabeni ingachazwa ngokwenzululwazi. Umsebenzi oyinyani we-ecosystem weza kwincwadi yamva nje kaCharles Darwin ebonisa ukuba, Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwengama-5, iintshulube zigqitha uninzi lomhlaba ongaphezulu ngokuhamba ngamathumbu.
Ukuba sifumana umbono wale ngxelo, siyabona ukuba ubukhulu balo msebenzi buchithwe kwihektare enye yentsimi ukuze ikwazi ukubamba itoni yeentshulube ezikwaziyo ukuqhubekeka iitoni ezingama-250 zomhlaba ngonyaka. Ngesi sizathu, kuye kwachazwa ukuba iintshulube zilikhonkco elivala umjikelo wobomi nokufa.
Ibhayoloji yombungu obomvu kunye nokubaluleka kwe-vermiculture
Siza kufunda ngakumbi ngebhayoloji kunye neempawu zemisundululu. Ukuba sifuna ukulawula umbungu obomvu, sifuna ulwazi lwe-morphological, physiological kunye ne-ecological. Ngaphandle koko, asinakuqinisekisa impumelelo yemveliso. Nangona ezi zilwanyana zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumjikelo webhayoloji wasemhlabeni, ukuba sifuna ukwandisa inani leentshulube kwinqanaba elikhulu, kufuneka siyazi ibhayoloji kunye nomzimba.
Umbungu obomvu sisilwanyana esikwi-phylum yee-annelids kwaye sahlulwa ngokwendalo ngokwemikhwa yokutya kwayo. Kuxhomekeka kubunzulu bokufumaneka kwabo kunye nobungakanani babantu, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neeklasi ziyahluka. Umbungu womhlaba osetyenziswa kwizityalo zezilwanyana ngoyena uhlala kwezona ndawo zibalaseleyo. Ukusuka apho ukuya entweni zibizwa ngokuba ziintshulube zeepigeal. Zondla ikakhulu ekonakaleni kwezinto eziphilayo. Ngesi sizathu, imigqomo yomgquba ihlala isetyenziswa apho kufakwa khona inkunkuma evela kumakhaya. Inkunkuma yendalo njengoko inakho yiba kukutya okutyaliweyo, ukuthena iigadi, iigobolondo zamaqanda, njl.
Yonke into ephilayo kunye nokuthotywa iyodwa ingafakwa emgqomeni womgquba ngaphakathi apho kuya kubakho iintshulube eziya kubola zitshilo izinto eziphilayo ukwenza umhlaba ngezinga eliphezulu lesichumiso sendalo. Phakathi kweempawu zebhayoloji eziqhelekileyo sifumana isidingo sokuba nomswakama ofanelekileyo. Asinokwazi ukuba iintshulube zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo na ukuba asiyazi ibhayoloji. Umzekelo, siyazi ukuba badinga ubungakanani bokufuma ukuze baphile phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo. Ukuba unokusilela kokufuma okanye ukufikelela okanye unokutya okungalungiselelwanga kakuhle, uya kuphulukana nobuchule kwimveliso. Ingabonakala ngokulula xa sihlalutya iintshulube ngaphandle kweklitellus.
Isilwanyana sinobude be phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-6-12 ubude neesentimitha ezi-0.5 ububanzi. Umbala wayo ubomvu kwaye unokuhlala ekuthinjweni. Ayinamehlo namazinyo kwaye umlomo wayo kuphela kwento yokufaka ukutya okuya kunceda ukubola. Iifom zabo zabantu abadala ziya kusinika umbono wokuba sibaphethe kakuhle okanye kakubi. Ukuba i-stonemason inengxaki, iintshulube zinganciphisa ubunzima kunye namandla emveliso anciphise. Oku kubenza babukeke njengombungu omncinci.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-vermiculture kunye neempawu zayo eziphambili.