Xa sinegadi okanye igadi ekhaya kwaye sifuna ukuqala ukulima, kungcono ukhethe isichumisi sendalo esipheleleyo. Ngenxa yale njongo, umgquba wendalo unokudalwa. Inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo iyafuneka, efunyanwa ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-composting. Esi sichumiso sendalo sendalo senziwa ngokubulela kwisenzo se-microorganisms ezinoxanduva lokubola izinto eziphilayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu abaninzi abangaziyo indlela yokwenza umgquba ekhaya.
Ngesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele inyathelo ngenyathelo ukwenza umgquba wasekhaya ukuze izityalo zakho zibe nesivuno esihle kunye nomgangatho.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, umgquba luhlobo lomhlaba owenziwe ngenkunkuma ephilayo. Le nkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo ibola ngenxa yesenzo se-microorganisms enoxanduva lokubola izinto eziphilayo. Yakuba yonakele, ivelisa isichumiso esinceda ekuphuculeni imekobume nokutyebisa izityalo.
Ayisosichumisi sendalo esichumisayo kuphela, kodwa ikwaphucula iimeko zendalo zomhlaba. Ngamanye amazwi, umhlaba ovundiswe ngesivundiso sendalo yonke ufumana izondlo ezininzi kunye nokwakheka kwawo ukuxhasa ngcono zonke izityalo. Ukuthotywa kweMicrobial kunokulawulwa ukuze iileya ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo zibekwe phantsi ngokutshintshanayo kwaye zenziwe ngeeminerali ngenkqubo yokuxuba ukubola kwendalo.
Njengoko sonke sisazi, umhlaba kufuneka utyebe kwiiminerali kunye nezinye izondlo. Okufanayo kuya kwesi sichumisi sendalo esiphilayo. Izichumisi ziveliswa ngokuthotywa kwemicrobial ngendlela elawulwayo kwimigqomo ye-compost yasekhaya. Umgquba awuyonto ingaphezulu kwesikhongozeli apho inkunkuma yezinto eziphilayo inokubekwa khona, ivumela ii-microorganisms ukuba zenze umsebenzi wazo, zinoxanduva lokuthoba isidima sezinto eziphilayo.
Indlela yokwenza umgquba wasekhaya ngenkunkuma
Lo mgquba unokwenziwa ngezinto eziphilayo kunye nenkunkuma ephuma kumakhaya ethu. Baninzi abantu abangaziyo ukwenza eyabo i-compost kuba abazi ukuba yeyiphi inkunkuma ephilayo abangayisebenzisa. Iintsholongwane ziqhekeza inkunkuma eninzi, kodwa ayizizo zonke ezisebenzayo. Kufuneka ulumke nge Inkunkuma enjengamathambo, inyama, amafutha, ubisi, amalahle, okanye nantoni na ethe yanyangwa ngesibulali zinambuzane. oko kunokonakalisa umxube.
Ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinto eziphilayo kunye nenkunkuma evela kwikhaya lethu, kodwa uhlaza luhlala lunconywa. Umzekelo, sinokufunda ukwenza umgquba wasekhaya ngenkunkuma efana neziqhamo, imifuno, amaqokobhe amaqanda kunye namabala ekofu. Zombini ziqulethe isiqulatho senitrogen ephezulu, esinceda ekwenzeni umhlaba uchume. Izinto ezimdaka ngamaplanga, inkunkuma yenkomo okanye yehashe, ikhadibhodi okanye iphepha, namagqabi afileyo. Ezi zinto, ezaziwa njengezinto ezimdaka ngebala, zinegalelo kumxholo wekhabhoni ephezulu yokwenza umgquba.
Umgqomo we-compost kulapho umgqomo we-compost wenziwa khona. Ingenziwa ngqo ekhaya okanye ithengwe. Eminye imigqomo ye-compost iphuculwe ukonyusa izinga lokwenziwa komgquba. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko iyinkqubo yendalo ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka ilungelelaniswe neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukufuma kunye neemeko zobushushu ziyimfuneko ukuze iintsholongwane zisebenze ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.
Sakuba siwaqwalasele onke amacebiso, sinokufunda ukwenza umgquba wasekhaya. Umgqomo we-compost kulapho kwenziwa khona umgquba. Kufuneka ube nendawo eyaneleyo, kuxhomekeke kwisithuba esikhoyo ekhayeni lakho. Ubungakanani kufuneka bulingane kakuhle kunyango olufanelekileyo olulandelayo. Kufuneka ibe ne-slits evumela ukungena komoya okugqibeleleyo, kufuneka kube lula ukuyiphatha kunye nokuvula ngokukhawuleza.
Uwenza njani owakho umgquba ekhaya
Makhe sibone inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokwenza umgquba wasekhaya:
- Siza kubeka umaleko we-haystacks malunga ne-30 cm ubude. Kuyo siya kubeka iintsalela zegadi, i-shavings, sawdust, iintsalela zemifuno kwaye kuya kufuneka siyifumise.
- Emva kwexesha songeza umaleko omalunga ne-15cm yokutya okanye iimvuthuluka zasegadini, esiza kububuyisela ukumanzisa.
- Ke songeza uluhlu lomgquba otyumkileyo malunga no-5-10 cm kunye namanzi phezulu.
- Kufuneka sitshintshelane sisebenzisa ezinye iileya njengangaphambili. Kukwayimfuneko ukuthintela umgquba ukuba wome ngalo lonke ixesha ukuze ungangenwa ziingolwane, iimbovane okanye ezinye izilwanyana. Kwaye asifanele siyivumele ibemanzi kakhulu, njengoko inceda ukungunda kwande kwaye kukhuphe ivumba elibi.
- Kufuneka ujike wonke umgquba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-15 kwaye emva koko ngeveki. Ubushushu obuphezulu kufuneka bugcinwe phakathi kwama-50 kunye nama-60 degrees malunga. Uyakuqaphela xa ufaka isandla sakho kwaye ubone ukuba kushushu kangakanani. Ukuba awulenyusanga iqondo lobushushu, ngumbono olungileyo ukuwubuyisela kwakhona kwaye wongeze umhlaba, amanzi, isichumiso, okanye inkunkuma eluhlaza. Kufuneka ugcine ibhalansi phakathi kwezinto ezomileyo, eziluhlaza kunye nomhlaba owongezelelweyo ukuze ii-microbes zikwazi ukukhawulezisa inkqubo.
Xa sele sikulungele ukwenza umgquba, kufuneka siwugcine ezingxoweni nakwindawo eyomileyo de uyisebenzise njengesichumiso kwigadi yakho okanye ezimbizeni. Masingaze silibale ukuba iimeko zokhuseleko kufuneka zigcinwe ngalo lonke ixesha. ukufuma okunxulumene ne-60-80% ukuze ibhaktheriya kunye ne-microorganisms zithobe izinto eziphilayo ngokufanelekileyo. Kufuneka sikhusele imigqomo yomgquba kulo naluphi na uhlobo lobunzima bemozulu. Obu bunzima bunokuguqula iimeko ezingaphakathi komgqomo we-compost kwaye kutshintshe izinga lokubola kwezinto eziphilayo.
Okukhona sinikela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha xa kufakwa umgquba, kokukhona sinokufunda ukwenza umgquba ophucukileyo wasekhaya. Isichumisi asiyi kuphuma singenamona kwizichumisi zefektri.
Izinzuzo
Uninzi lwe inkunkuma esiyenzayo emakhayeni ethu yindalo, leyo, emva kokucutshungulwa, ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo kwimiyezo kunye negadi.
Umgquba wasekhaya uneenzuzo ezininzi kumntu wonke:
- Nciphisa ubungakanani bezinto eziphilayo eziya kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ezingaphiliyo, ezithatha indawo yazo.
- Ngenxa yomthamo wogcino lwamanzi womgquba, amanzi okunkcenkceshela anokongiwa.
- Ibonelela ngezondlo ezibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwendalo lwezityalo.
- Ibonelela ngezibonelelo kubemi ngokunciphisa iindleko zothutho lwenkunkuma.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokwenza umquba owenziwe ekhaya.