Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo amaxwebhu amabini ukubaluleka okukhulu Kwipanorama yamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain.
Olu luphononongo olwenziwe yi IZiko loPhando lwaMandla, Indalo esingqongileyo kunye neTekhnoloji (CIEMAT) enesihloko esithi "Uhlalutyo lwemeko yamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain 2016. Amathemba e2020"; kwaye enye ingxelo yokuba iRed Eléctrica de España (REE) iyilungisile yapapasha isihloko esithi "Amandla ahlaziyekayo kwinkqubo yombane waseSpain 2016".
Iithagethi zamandla eSpain naseYurophu
Okwangoku, zintathu iinjongo zamandla, ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo okwangoku. Inqanaba laseSpain nelaseYurophu ngowama-2020 (okubizwa ngokuba yi "triple 20" okanye "20-20-20"), zezi:
- Ukwehla kwezinto ezikhutshwayo ze Igesi yendlu eluhlaza ngama-20% ukusuka kumanqanaba ka-1990.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-20% ye- umoya ovuselelekayo.
- Ukwanda ngama-20% kwi ukusebenza kwamandla.
Kuya kufuneka yongezwe ukuba sele sele iphela i-Novemba ka-2016 ebizwa ngokuba "Iphakheji yasebusika", Ezithe zanyusa ezi njongo ngowama-2030, zafikelela ekunciphiseni ubuncinci ama-40% kwimveliso yokuphuma iigesi zegreenhouse xa kuthelekiswa no-1990, ukwandisa isabelo samandla ahlaziyekayo ngaphezulu kwe-27% kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla nge-30%.
Iinjongo zangaphambili zonyaka wama-2030 zenziwe ngokweziqulatho Izibophelelo zeYurophu ngokweSivumelwano saseParis esele sivunyiwe.
Ikamva lamandla ahlaziyekayo
Kuxwebhu lokuqala, uyabona ukuba inayo amacandelo amathathu umahluko kakhulu.
Inqaku lokuqala
Ijongene nemeko yangoku yamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain, eyahlula amandla asisiseko, amandla okugqibela kunye nokusetyenziswa kokugqibela. Ngo-2016 amandla ahlaziyekayo igalelo 15,9% yamandla okugqibela asetyenzisiweyo kwaye malunga ne-40% yesenzi sonke sokuvelisa umbane eSpain.
Inqaku lesibini
Hlalutya amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuthobela amanqaku aqokelelweyo kwifayile ye- IsiCwangciso sokuSebenza seLizwe samandla aVuselelekayo (PANER), kwilizwe jikelele nakwilinye iteknoloji yamandla.
Inqaku lesithathu
Kowesithathu nowokugqibela, iqokelela iingcebiso ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zonyaka ka-2020, ibalaselisa amanyathelo ukonyusa i-biofuels kwezothutho, ukwanda kwenkxaso-mali kwi-thermal, solar thermal kunye ne-geothermal biomass. Ukucwangciswa kombane kubaluleke kakhulu ukucwangcisa ngokuchanekileyo iifandesi esele ziqalisile kunye nezo zizayo.
Amandla ahlaziyiweyo eSpain
Malunga noxwebhu lwesibini ekuxoxwe ngalo ekuqaleni kwenqaku, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba i-REE yayinyanzelekile ukuba yenze olu hlalutyo, inikwe indima yayo njengomqhubi wenkqubo yombane wesizwe kunye nokwenza umanyano amandla ahlaziyekayo ngokufanayo.
Olu xwebhu luye lwavela ngombulelo kubukho beZiko loLawulo lwaMandla aVuselelekayo (CECRE). Olu lupapasho lokuqala lwale ngxelo lubonisa ukujonga okwahlukileyo okwahlukileyo amandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2016, Inguquko kunye neenjongo zabo ze-2020.
Le iqulathe izahluko ezi-5, eyokuqala eshwankathela i- Ezine ezilandelayoEzi zinto zinikezelwe kumandla omoya, amanzi, ilanga kunye nomhlaba kunye nolwandle ngokwahlukeneyo.
Kuyacaciswa ukuba umoya kunye namandla elanga zezona ziqhube ukukhula kwamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain kwi iminyaka elishumi edlulileyo (phantse ama-70% ewonke), nebangele ukwehla okukhulu kokukhutshwa kwe Igesi yendlu eluhlaza (kancinane ngaphezulu kwama-43% ezinto ezikhutshwayo xa kuthelekiswa no-2007).
Ngoluntu oluzimeleyo, abo banolona phunyezo lukhulu luhlaziyiweyo yiCastilla y León, iGalicia, iAndalucía kunye neCastilla La Mancha. Iipesenti ezingama-62 zamandla esizwe. Kwezi, ikwiCastilla y León apho phantse ikota ezintathu zamandla okuphehla zizonke zinemvelaphi enokuphinda ihlaziyeke, igqitha kwinjongo ye-2020.
Eyona nto icacileyo kwezi mpapasho zimbini kukubaluleka kwe- Amandla ahlaziyekayo kwilizwe lembonakalo yamandla, kunye nobukho obubalulekileyo kunye nokwanda okubonakalayo abaya kuba bekufumene kwizibophelelo zamanye amazwe zotshintsho lwemozulu.