Isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhetha iipaneli zelanga ekhaya: yonke into oyifunayo ukuyazi

• Vavanya ukusetyenziswa kwakho kwamandla onyaka kunye neepateni zamandla.
• Funda malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeepaneli ngokomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
• Thatha inzuzo yenkxaso kunye noncedo lokunciphisa iindleko zokufakela.
• Cinga ngeewaranti kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elide xa ukhetha iipaneli.

Njengenkxaso-mali kunye noncedo kwi amandla elanga, abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukufaka iipaneli zelanga zekhaya labo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabathengi abazi nzulu imiba yobugcisa kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha inkqubo yokhuseleko. ukuzisebenzisela umbane. Siza kuphonononga yonke into oyifunayo ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi nezichanekileyo.

Lifuna amandla angakanani ikhaya lakho?

Isiqalo kukumisela ukuba angakanani amandla owasebenzisayo ngonyaka ekhayeni lakho. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba uqikelele ukuba ungakanani umbane ekufuneka uwuvelise usebenzisa iiphaneli zesola. Kweli candelo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imiba efana nale:

• Iiyure zokukhanya kwelanga ziyafumaneka kwindawo yakho: Kuyafuneka ukwazi ukuba ungakanani umndilili wemitha yelanga efunyanwa likhaya lakho unyaka wonke. Inani leeyure zokukhanya kwelanga liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nepitch yophahla.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla: Hlalutya indlela owusebenzisa ngayo umbane ngokweenkcukacha. Ungalufumana olu lwazi ngokujonga amatyala akho ombane kwiinyanga ezili-12 ezidlulileyo.
• Iipateni zokusetyenziswa: Ukuchonga amaxesha osuku xa usebenzisa amandla amaninzi, anokuchaphazela izigqibo malunga nokugcinwa kunye nokuzisebenzisa ngokwakho.

Ngolu lwazi engqondweni, kuya kuba lula ukukhetha ubuninzi kunye nohlobo lweepaneli zelanga ozifunayo.

Indlela yokubala inani leepaneli zelanga ezifunekayo

Ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bofakelo lwakho lwelanga, kufuneka uqale wazi ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga oceba ukuzifaka. Apha kulapho izinto ezifana nokusebenza kakuhle kwephaneli, iimpawu zophahla lwakho kunye nezithunzi ezinokubakho okanye imiqobo enokuchaphazela ukusasazeka kwemitha yelanga ngokuthe ngqo.

• Iindidi zeepaneli zelanga: Kubalulekile ukwazi iinketho kwiimarike kwaye uthelekise ukusebenza kwazo. Iipaneli ze-Monocrystalline, umzekelo, zinobuchule obuphezulu kuneepaneli ze-polycrystalline kwaye, nangona zibiza kakhulu, zithatha indawo encinci ukuvelisa amandla afanayo.
• Amandla ephaneli yelanga: Amandla alinganisiweyo ephaneli yelanga alinganiswa ngencopho yeewatts (Wp). Kubalulekile ukuthelekisa umthamo wokuvelisa ipaneli xa ifumana imisebe yelanga ngokuthe ngqo.

Ukufuna iingcebiso kubavelisi kunye neengcali kubalulekile ekuqondeni kungekuphela nje ukuba zingaphi iipaneli ozifunayo, kodwa nokuba uzibeke phi ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza. Ukongeza, unokukhetha phakathi kweepaneli ezibekwe phezu kophahla, umhlaba kunye neenkqubo ezithambekileyo okanye ezihambayo, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeepaneli zelanga

Kwimarike kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze iipaneli zelanga, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• I-Monocrystalline: Yenziwe nge-silicon ephezulu ecocekileyo, la maphaneli anokusebenza okuphezulu (17% -23%) kunye nokusebenza, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zibiza kakhulu.
• I-Polycrystalline: Zisebenza kancinci kancinci (15% -17%) kune-monocrystalline, kodwa nazo zinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye zinokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba unendawo eyaneleyo.
• Iiphaneli zefilimu eziAmorphous okanye ezibhityileyo: Nangona bengasebenzi kakuhle (uluhlu lwe-10% -12%), ukuguquguquka kwabo kunye neendleko eziphantsi kubenza babe luncedo kwiimeko ezithile.

Ngaphandle kweentlobo zemveli, itekhnoloji entsha esetyenziswa kwiipaneli zelanga ziye zavela kwiminyaka yakutshanje:

• Iipaneli zokuSika ngesiqingatha: Zineeseli zesiqingatha, ezivumela ukuba banciphise ilahleko yokumelana nombane kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ngakumbi xa inxalenye yepaneli isethunzini.
• Iiphaneli ezimacala omabini: Ezi panels ziyakwazi ukubamba imitha yelanga kumacala omabini, oko kwandisa imveliso yamandla.
• Iiphaneli zePERC: Ziquka umaleko owongezelelweyo obonisa inxalenye yokukhanya okungaxutywanga ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ukufakwa kwePaneli yeSolar: Iingqwalasela eziphambili

Ngaphambi kokutsiba ekuthengeni, ukongeza kumgangatho kunye nobuninzi beepaneli zelanga, qwalasela iindleko ezinxulumene nofakelo kunye nezixhobo ezongezelelweyo oya kuzifuna:

• Iindleko zokufakela: Ungalibali ukubandakanya kwizibalo zakho iindleko zofakelo lobuchwephesha, ezinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lophahla kunye nobunzima bokufikelela kulo.
• Isiguquli selanga: Iguqula amandla enziweyo abe ngumsinga otshintshanayo, nto leyo esetyenziswa zizixhobo ezininzi.
• Iinkqubo zokugcina: Olu khetho luluncedo xa ujonge ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo aveliswe ngeeyure ezinelanga ukuze asetyenziswe kamva.

Ufakelo olufanelekileyo kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo:

• Ukuziqhelanisa: Iiphaneli kufuneka zijonge emazantsi (kumntla wehemisphere) ukuze zibambe okona kukhanya kwelanga.
• Ukuthambekela: Eyona engile yofakelo lwakho iya kuxhomekeka kububanzi bendawo yakho, nangona i-engile ekufutshane ne-30 degrees iyacetyiswa ngokubanzi.
• Isithunzi: Vavanya ukuba ngaba kukho izinto ezinokuvelisa izithunzi, njengemithi okanye izakhiwo ezikufutshane, kwaye ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza.

Ukuqinisekiswa kunye nokugcinwa kweephaneli zelanga

Xa ufumana iipaneli zelanga, akufanele uzihoye iziqinisekiso ezinikezelwa ngumenzi. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeziqinisekiso ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:

• Isiqinisekiso seMveliso: Ngokuqhelekileyo igubungela iziphene zokuvelisa, kwaye inikezelwa ngokubanzi iminyaka eyi-10-15, nangona abanye abavelisi benyuka ukuya kwi-25 iminyaka.
• Isiqinisekiso sokuSebenza: Ibhekisa kwilahleko yokusebenza kwephaneli ngexesha. Uninzi lwabavelisi baqinisekisa ukuba emva kweminyaka engama-25 ipaneli iya kugcina ubuncinci be-80% yokusebenza kwayo kokuqala.

Ngokumalunga nokugcinwa, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba iipaneli zelanga zifuna ulondolozo oluncinci. Kunconywa ukucoca ubuso beepaneli rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye xa kufunyenwe izithintelo ezinokunciphisa ukukhanya. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zombane kufuneka zihlolwe minyaka le.

Uncedo kunye nenkxaso yokufakelwa kwamandla elanga

Isigqibo sokufakela iipaneli zelanga sele sinokwenzeka ngakumbi ngenxa ye uncedo kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo kumazwe amaninzi. ESpeyin, kukho ezininzi izibonelelo zikarhulumente nezengingqi enokunciphisa kakhulu ixabiso lokufakela:

• UkuBuyisela kwakhona, iNguqu kunye neSicwangciso soBuyiselo: Uncedo lofakelo lwamandla avuselelekayo afana nelanga.
• Iibhonasi ze-IBI kunye ne-ICIO: Amanye amabhunga eedolophu anikezela ngezaphulelo kwiRhafu yeNdawo (i-IBI) kunye neRhafu yoLwakhiwo, uFakelo kunye neMisebenzi (ICIO) kwabo bafaka amandla elanga.
• Ukutsalwa kwerhafu yengeniso yomntu: Kwiindawo ezithile zoluntu ezizimeleyo, iipesenti zeendleko zofakelo zinokutsalwa kwimbuyekezo yerhafu yengeniso.

Ukusebenzisa ezi nkxaso-mali kunokunciphisa ukuya kutsho kuma-40% exabiso lilonke lofakelo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphande ukuba zeziphi ezifumanekayo kwindawo ohlala kuyo kunye nendlela yokuzicela.

Akungabazeki ukuba ukubheja kumandla elanga sisigqibo esicwangcisiweyo sekamva, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokonga kwibhilikhwe yombane, kodwa nangenxa yeenzuzo zokusingqongileyo, ukuzimela kwamandla kunye nethuba lokuba negalelo kwiplanethi enempilo elandelayo. izizukulwana.