Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukhe wangena kwihlabathi lezemidlalo ukhe weva malunga iiamino acid. Ii-amino acid zidlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Ezi yimixube yendalo edibanisa ukwenza iiproteni eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba wethu. Ezi amino acid ziye zaduma kakhulu kwimicimbi yokuxhasa ezemidlalo nakwisondlo semihla ngemihla.
Ke ngoko, siza kulinikela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele zonke iimpawu kunye nokusebenza kweeamino acid.
Yintoni iiamino acid
Ezi yimixube yemvelo edibanisa enye nenye ukwenza iiproteni. Ezenziwe ikakhulu ziifayile ze- ikhabhoni, i-hydrogen, ioksijini kunye ne-nitrogen. Banemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kakuhle komzimba wethu. Phakathi kwemisebenzi sifumana ukubola kokutya, ukukhula okanye ukulungiswa kwezicubu zomzimba kwaye kunokuba sisiseko samandla. Phakathi kwale misebenzi eyona nto ifunekayo kukukhula nokulungiswa kwezicubu zomzimba. Kule meko, baye baduma kuba isebenza ekuveliseni izicwili ezomileyo okanye izihlunu.
Ii-amino acid zikwanoxanduva lokuvumela Ukuncipha kwemisipha kunye nokugcina ibhalansi yeasidi kunye neziseko emzimbeni. Zonke ezi mpawu ziyimfuneko ukuze umzimba wethu usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Zininzi iintlobo ze-amino acid kwaye nganye yazo inomsebenzi ozimeleyo. Makhe sijonge iimpawu zayo kunye nokwakheka.
Ubume kunye neentlobo
Ii-amino acid zenziwe ngeemolekyuli ze-organic ezineqela le-amino kunye neqela le-carboxyl. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-amino acid inesakhiwo esahlukileyo kwaye Banokwahlulwahlulwa ngokweemilo zika-L no-D. Izakhiwo zokuqala zezendalo zezinto eziphilayo, ngenxa yoko zithathwa njengezona zibalulekileyo. Ukuba siwuhlalutya ngokubanzi, sinokuthi i-amino acid yenziwe ngekhabhoni, i-carboxyl, iqela le-amino, i-hydrogen kunye nomxokelelwane osecaleni.
Lonke olu lwakhiwo luvela kwinto yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-amino acid kwaye nganye yazo izalisekisa umsebenzi okhethekileyo nowahlukileyo emzimbeni wethu. Kukho malunga nama-250 ee-amino acid ekuthiwa ngama-20 kuzo kuthiwa ziiproteinogenic. Elona gama liqhelekileyo kubalulekile kwiiamino acid kwaye ithathwa njengebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba.
Sizahlulahlula zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeamino acid ezikhoyo:
- Kubalulekile: Zizo ezo umzimba ungenakuzivelisa ngokwendalo kwaye ngenxa yomsebenzi ngokutya. Ezi amino acid zibaluleke kakhulu kuba kufuneka sikutye ukutya okuqulathe rhoqo ekutyeni kwethu. Akukho nzima ukugcina ukutya okune-amino acid. Ezi amino acid zezi zilandelayo: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, kunye nevaline.
- Ayibalulekanga: Ezi ziiamino acid umzimba okwaziyo ukuzenzela zodwa. Ngaphandle kwesi sizathu, ziiamino acid eziyimfuneko ukuze umzimba wonke usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kulandelayo: i-alanine, i-asparagine, i-aspartic acid, kunye ne-glutamic acid.
- Imiqathango: Ezi ziyimfuneko ukuze zikwazi ukulwa nezifo ezithile ezinje ngoxinzelelo. Zininzi iiamino acid ezenza imisebenzi engaphaya kokusebenza komzimba. Phakathi kwezi meko sinazo zilandelayo: arginine, glutamine, tyrosine, glycine, ornithine, proline kunye serine.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba onke amagama kuluhlu lwawo, zombini izinto ezibalulekileyo kunye ezingafunekiyo zibaluleke ngokufanayo emzimbeni. Ibhalansi iyafuneka phakathi kwesixa sobabini kukutya esiqhele ukukutya. Kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba izinto eziyimfuneko aziyi kuba nakho ukuveliswa ngumzimba ngokwawo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukutya okunotyebileyo kwezi zinto kwaye ubazise ekutyeni rhoqo. Inani leeamino acid esizifunayo liyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, ngokobudala okanye ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo ukunxiba kunye neenyembezi zizinto eziguqukayo malunga noku.
Kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo uqeqesho lwabantu. Abo bantu bahlala befumana amandla bafuna ii-amino acid ezingaphezulu ukuze bakwazi ukulungisa izicubu ezonakalisiweyo ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
Ukutya okunotyebi kwiiamino acid
Ii-amino acids zinokuhlelwa phantsi kwezinye iikhrayitheriya nangokokutya okuziqulathayo. Makhe sihlalutye ukuba ziintoni ezahlukileyo:
- Kuxhomekeka kwinani lama-asidi okanye amaqela asisiseko kwimolekyuli: apha sifumana ezinye iiamino acid ezinjengeasidi, ezisisiseko kunye nokungathathi hlangothi. Emva koko, bahluka kwi-hydrophilic kunye ne-hydrophobic.
- Ngokwesakhiwo: Kuxhomekeke kubume be-amino acid nganye, kukho ukwahlula okungafaniyo. Ezi zinto zilandelayo: aliphatic, enuka nesalfure.
Makhe sihlalutye ngoku kukutya okutyebileyo kwii-amino acid. Kwasekuqaleni kufuneka sazi ukuba nakuphi na ukutya okune-protein eninzi ngenxa yoko kunexabiso eliphezulu kwiiamino acid. Umzekelo, ukutya okufana nobisi, inyama kunye nentlanzi kubonisiwe kwisidlo esinexabiso elaneleyo leeamino acid.
Kukho nakuphi na ukutya okuqhelekileyo, ukuze ufumane isixa esinconywayo sazo zonke ii-amino acid eziyimfuneko, iglasi yobisi ngosuku okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lobisi lwanele. Kwanele nge-150 yeegrama zeyogathi okanye itshizi okanye nge-60 kunye ne-90 yeegrama zenyama okanye intlanzi. Ngezi zixa zincinci zilula kakhulu, ungasele ufumana amaxabiso eeamino acid eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba.
Ngaphandle kwetyala iya kuba yintlanzi emhlophe okanye ityhuna. Kule nto, iigram ezingaphezulu ziyimfuneko suku ngalunye kuba zine-amino acid ezincinci. Amaqanda nawo awela kweli qela, ngamaqanda alingana nenani elaneleyo leprotheni. Kulabo baqeqesha ngamandla, kufuneka batye ii-amino acid ezininzi kune ziya kusebenza ekudaleni nasekuvuseleleni izicubu zemisipha.
Masingakulibali ukuba akufuneki sijonge nje kwezi zinto zisebenza kakuhle emzimbeni wethu. Kuya kufuneka sazi ukuba xa kukho ukusilela kwezi khompawundi ekudleni, iziphumo ezinje ngokugaya isisu, uxinzelelo okanye ukukhula okucothayo kwabantwana kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunqabile ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwee-amino acid, inokubakho kwezo zidlo zithintela ukusetyenziswa kokutya okuthile.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neeamino acid kunye neendidi zazo ezahlukeneyo.