Elinye lawona mabhabhathane aziwa kakhulu eMntla Melika ngokuba yenye yezona zininzi zawo ibhabhathane le monarch. Banokuchongwa ngokulula ngenxa yeendidi zeorenji kunye nemibala emnyama enamaphiko abo xa sele bebadala. Ikwafanele udumo lwayo kwiinkqubo zayo zokufuduka ezishiya ngasemva imbonakalo eyodwa. Oku kwenza ukuba ibhabhathane ekuthiwa yi monarch libe sesinye sezona zinambuzane zifudukayo nezona zininzi ehlabathini.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, indawo yokuhlala, ukondla nokuzala kwebhabhathane le-monarch.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Lelinye lamabhabhathane ahambahamba kwiindawo ezinkulu ngobuninzi emazantsi ebusika nasemantla entwasahlobo. Bahlala benendlela enye yokuya nokubuya ekuya kuyidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayaphila. Njengazo zonke iintlobo zamabhabhathane, zichazwe yingcali yendalo yaseSweden uCarlos Linnaeus. Igama layo lenzululwazi ngu UDanaus plexippus kwaye iyi uhlobo lwe-lepidopteran ditrisio yosapho lakwaNymphalidae.
Imilinganiselo yayo ingaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwamaphiko aphakathi kwe-9.5 ukuya kwi-10.5 iisentimitha. Ubunzima bebhabhathane le-monarch liphakathi kwe-0.25 kunye ne-0.75 gram. Phakathi kwabantu abohlukileyo koluhlobo, iimazi zezona zinobuncinci ubungakanani, kodwa zinenani elikhulu lemithambo emnyama emaphikweni azo. Iinkunzi zihlala zikhulu kwaye zikhupha iipheromones ezithile kwiziko lomthambo kumaphiko azo. Ezi mpawu zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula abantu besini ngaphakathi kwabantu.
Isizukulwana sokufuduka siphuhlise iimpawu eziguquguqukayo ezibonelela ngokuchasana okukhulu kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Kwaye ibhabhathane elinamanzi lingaphila iinyanga ezili-9. Oku kuthetha ukuba banobomi obude obuphindwe kabini kunobomi bezinye iibhabhathane eziqhelekileyo. Umbala wawo weorenji ubonakala kakhulu kwaye yiyo eyahlula kwezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo.
Monarch butterfly metamorphosis
Njengezinye iindidi zamabhabhathane, olu hlobo lukwahamba ngamanqanaba athile e-metamorphosis. Kuqala inesigaba seqanda, emva koko isigaba semopane, siguqukela kwi-chrysalis kwaye, ekugqibeleni, sele ibhabhathane. Emva kokuqanduselwa kwamaqanda, aqanduselwa ukuze kuvele imibungu. Kweli nqanaba bachitha iintsuku zabo besitya kwaye betyeba kwaye bajika baba yimopane enemibala. Xa sele zingumbungu, zenza ibhegi ekhuselayo enzima engqongileyo kwaye ingena kwisigaba seChrysalis. Okokugqibela, ziyavela zenze amabhabhathane amadala amahle avelisa ukunconywa ngombala wazo ngombala omnyama, orenji kunye nomhlophe.
Ixesha ngalinye lala manqanaba lixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbalwa. Ezi zinto ikakhulu bubushushu kunye nexesha lonyaka abakulo. Ezo zihlala zithatha ixesha elide kwezi zezo zesizukulwana esifudukayo. Ikwenziwe ngegama lesizukulwana esiqhelekileyo uMethuselah. La mabhabhathane ayakwazi ukuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-9, ebavumela ukuba bakwazi ukwenza uhambo lokujikeleza olujikelezayo.
Ukutya nokukhusela ibhabhathane le monarch
La mabhabhathane azalwa kwindawo evulekileyo yendalo. Ngokwesiqhelo le mimandla iba ngamathafa engca okanye amasimi apho kukho inani elikhulu lobisi lobisi. Ezi milkweeds sisiseko sabo sokuqala sokutya xa bekwisigaba sabo sokuqala sokukhula. Emva kokuba amaqanda aqandusele kunye nokwakheka kwawo, imibungu itya kwiqokobhe leqanda kunye nezityalo ze-milkweed apho bazalelwa khona.
Xa sele bebadala batya iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentyatyambo ezinencindi. Le ncindi ngumthombo osisiseko wamandla ukuze ikwazi ukwenza olu fuduko. Kungenxa yokuba incindi iqulethe isixa esikhulu seswekile, amafutha kunye nezinye izinto zesondlo. Indlela yokufuduka yenziwa kwiindawo apho banokufumana intyatyambo enkulu enencindi. Ngexesha lokulala ebusika bayakwazi ukuqokelela amanqatha awaneleyo ukuze kungafuneki batye. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka basele amanzi. Esi sizathu sokuba kunokubakho inani elikhulu lamabhabhathane e-monarch kwiindawo ezinokuthi zibonelelwe ngamanzi.
Ngokumalunga nokuzikhusela kwezi zinambuzane, sifumene eyazo imibala yemibala. Le patheni yombala isebenza njengesilumkiso kumarhamncwa ukuba ziintlobo eziyityhefu. Xa uhlobo lwesilwanyana lubonisa kakhulu, luye lubalumkise abahlaseli balo ngobutyhefu balo. Lo mbala uyanda ngokuthe chu njengesicwangciso sendaleko seentlobo ezininzi. Izidliwayo zinxulumana nemibala ye-garish enjenge-tyheli, orenji, kunye nomnyama ngobutyhefu kunye nencasa engathandekiyo.
Le ndlela yokuzikhusela ifunyanwa ngexesha lesigaba sombungu. Bafezekisa oku ngombulelo kukondliwa kwee-Asclepias, ezizizityalo ezinomxholo ophezulu onetyhefu. Nangona lo mbala ubakhusela kuninzi lwamarhamncwa, awabathinteli ekubeni batyiwe zezinye iintlobo ezingakhuselekanga kule tyhefu. Kwezinye zeentlobo zamabhabhathane amarhamncwa sine-tigrillo eshinyeneyo, ezinye iintlobo zeentaka ezinjengeekhalenda kunye nezinye iimpuku ezinganyamezela ubungakanani obukhulu betyhefu. Iikhalenda zifundile Ukutya kuphela inxalenye yesifuba kunye nezihlunu zesisu apho banesisindo esisezantsi setyhefu. Ezi zezinye zeendlela zokuziqhelanisa nendalo entsha.
Bafuduka njani
Okokugqibela, la mabhabhathane elanga ngawona aphambili kwimicimbi yokufuduka ebangela ukunconywa kwihlabathi liphela. Bayakwazi ukuhamba amawaka eekhilomitha bebaleka ubusika obugqithisileyo kumantla eUnited States nakumazantsi eKhanada. Uninzi lwabemi bamabhabhathane lukwiiNtaba zeRocky.
Oyena nobangela wokufuduka kukuba nako ukunqanda ukubanda kobusika. Luhlobo lomsitho ophakamisa ulindelo olukhulu nangona uninzi lwamabhabhathane enza uhambo kunyaka ophelileyo aswelekileyo. Ke izizukulwana ezitsha ngandlela thile ziyayazi indlela. Yiyo le nto yenza ukuba ukufuduka kube yinto enomdla.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nebhabhathane le-monarch.