ESpain imfuno yamandla igutyungelwe ngeendlela ezininzi. Ipesenti iya kwizibaso, ezifana namalahle neoyile, kunye nenye ipesenti kumandla ahlaziyekayo. Imfuno yombane eSpain ihlale ihleli emva kokonyuka okuthe chu kunye nokuhla kule minyaka idlulileyo. Kule meko, siza kuthetha ngokwahlukileyo izityalo zamalahle ezisebenza ngombane yintoni kwilizwe lethu kwaye basebenza njani.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba imfuno yombane igutyungelwa njani kwaye zeziphi iipesenti ezabelwe icandelo ngalinye, qhubeka ufunde
Imfuno yombane eSpain
Ibango lethu lombane kwinqanaba likazwelonke libhalise ukwehla ngo-2014. Ukufunyanwa kwemfuno yamandla kwahlulwa ngokwamacandelo aliqela ukufezekisa iinjongo kwangexesha. I-22% yamandla elizwe ewonke anikezelwa yimithombo yenyukliya. Amandla enyukliya avelisa impikiswano enkulu kumacandelo amaninzi oluntu. Kukho bonke abo bakhuseli abathi kucocekile kwaye kukhuselekile amandla. Kwelinye icala, kukho abagxeki, abakhusela ubungozi benkunkuma yabo kunye neengozi zenyukliya ezinokubakho ezifana nezo zenzeka eFukushima ngo-2011.
Amandla omoya, acocekile kwaye ahlaziywa, anikezela ngama-20,3% ebango lamandla eSpain. Ukujikela kwinto ebalulekileyo, amalahle, yafikelela kwi-16,5% yamandla avelisiweyo. I-100% yemveliso yombane evela kukutsha kwamalahle, Iipesenti ezingama-86 zisasazwa phakathi kwezona ndawo zaziwa ngokuba zii-10 ezaziwa ngokuba zezamandla.
Isityalo samandla ashushu eMeirama
Esi sityalo sinegunya lokufudumeza amandla sikwinqanaba lokuba sibe sesona sivelisa amandla amancinci. YeyaseGesi yeNdalo yeFenosa. Ngumjikelezo oqhelekileyo wokufakwa kombane. Ime kwiParish yaseMeirama (A Coruña). Umthamo wemveliso yombane uku-563 MW. Sebenzisa amalahle ekubaseni.
Yaqala ukusebenza ngoDisemba 1980 kwaye yathathelwa ingqalelo njengeyona ibalulekileyo kwilizwe liphela. Utyalo-mali lwaluneendleko ezingama-60.000 ezigidi zepesetas. Yakhelwe kwidiphozithi yelignite. Ngale ndlela, bakwazile ukusebenzisa la mafutha ukwenza umbane. Oovimba abasuka kwimigodi baqikelelwa kwi-85 yezigidi zeetoni.
Ukukhutshwa kwegesi kuqhutyelwa nge-chimney i-200 yeemitha eziphakamileyo, kunye nobubanzi beemitha ezili-18 kwisiseko kunye ne-11 emlonyeni.
Isixhobo soMbane seLos Barrios
Sisikhululo samandla eshushu samalahle ashushu esisebenza kumasipala waseLos Barrios (Cádiz). Amandla ayo ajikeleze i-589 MW, ngoko ikufutshane naleyo yeMeirama. Ekuqaleni kolwakhiwo lwayo, inkampani eyayiphethe yayinguSevillana Electricidad. Emva kwexesha, le nkampani yathathwa ngu-Endesa. NgoJuni ka-2008, inkampani i-EON, ekufumaneni i-Electra de Viesgo kunye neeasethi ze-Endesa, zathenga kule yokugqibela iphakheji equlathe iZityalo zeLos Barrios Thermal Power.
Amalahle asetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amandla luhlobo lwelahle. Inempawu ezintle zobuchwephesha kunye nokusingqongileyo ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphezulu le-calorific kunye nomxholo wesulfure ophantsi.
Isityalo samandla eNarcea eshushu
Esi sityalo ngumjikelezo oqhelekileyo wokufakwa kombane. Ime kumasipala wase-Asturias. Unayo amaqela amathathu obushushu angama-55,5, 166,6 kunye nama-364,1 MW ngokwahlukeneyo. Oku kwenza amandla ayo onke malunga ne-596 MW. Isityalo saqala ukusebenza ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-60. Namhlanje yeyaseGesi yendalo iFenosa.
Uyilelwe ngokupheleleyo ukuba ulisebenzise njengombane amalahle akwindawo yoMlambo iNarcea. La amalahle athatyathwa kwimigodi yamabhunga aseTineo, eCangas del Narcea, eDegaña naseIbias, nakwindawo yaseVillablino eLeón.
ISoto de la Ribera isityalo samandla ashushu
Ikwakhona e-Asturias malunga ne-7 km ukusuka e-Oviedo, yenziwe ngamacandelo amabini okuvelisa. Amandla apheleleyo malunga ne-604 MW. Inamaqela amabini amatsha emijikelezo edibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yiSoto 4 kunye neSoto 5.
Umbindi we la Robla
Esi sityalo sesikaGesi weNdalo iFenosa kwaye sisixhobo esiqhelekileyo somjikelo esivutha ngamalahle. Ime ecaleni komlambo iBernesga, kumasipala waseLa Robla. Amandla ayo malunga ne-655 MW. Ibekwe kwindawo yeqhinga elinceda ngeendlela ezilungileyo zonxibelelwano. Ime kwi-945 yeemitha eziphakamileyo.
Amalahle awasebenzisayo avela ikakhulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane zaseSanta Lucía, eCiñera naseMatallana, ezifikelela kwisityalo ngendlela kunye nebhanti yokuhambisa. Inokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla yamalahle aqikelelwa kwiitoni ezingama-6.000.
Aboño Ephakathi
Ime phakathi koomasipala baseGijon naseCarreño. Ukuba kufutshane neFektriya yeVenkile eVeriña, inokuthatha ithuba kuzo zonke iigesi zentsimbi ezingaphezulu. Ngale ndlela bayonga ekwenziweni kwamandla. Amandla ayo afakiweyo malunga ne-921 MW. Inamacandelo amabini okuvelisa.
Amalahle luhlobo lwelahle, kokubini kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe. Amacandelo amabini avelisa amandla asebenzisa ii-fuels ezahlukeneyo, zombini eziqinileyo, ezingamanzi kunye nezegesi.
Kumbindi weAndorra
Ifumaneka eTeruel, yaziwa ngcono njengesikhululo samandla eshushu eAndorra. Sisibonelelo sombane esisebenzisa i-lignite amalahle njengamafutha. Iphethwe yi-Endesa namhlanje. Imveliso yayo ikwi-1.101 MW, ke ithathwa njengenye yezona zinto zivelisa amandla.
Itshimini yalo ende iphakame kangangeemitha ezingama-343. I-lignite esetyenzisiweyo ine-7% yesalfure kuphela. Esi sityalo sinamaqela ezizukulwana ezithathu.
Isityalo samandla ombane weLittoral
Ime kwiCarboneras (Almería) kwaye inamaqela amabini avelisa amandla afikelela kumandla we-1.158 MW. Okwangoku yeyakwa-Endesa kwaye ibe nefuthe elibonakalayo kwinkqubo ye-Andalusian kunye neAlmeria kwezoqoqosho, ngakumbi kwindawo yeCarboneras.
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, Ufumene isiqinisekiso se-ISO 14001 solawulo lokusingqongileyo nge-AENOR.
ICompostilla Central
Sisityalo esiqhelekileyo samandla eshushu esivelisa amandla kakhulu. Ime ecaleni kwedama laseBárcena, eliqinisekisa ubukho bamanzi. Yeye-Endesa kwaye amandla ayo ayi-1.200 MW.
UPuentes de García Rodríguez umbane wamandla ashushu
Sisityalo samandla eshushu esivelisa uninzi lwamandla ngamalahle kuyo yonke iSpain. Ime kumasipala we-As Pontes kwaye sisixhobo sombane esiqhelekileyo. Inamaqela amane e-generator. Isityalo sifumene isatifikethi se-ISO 14001 solawulo lokusingqongileyo kwi-AENOR, eqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi yaso yenziwa ngendlela ehlonipha okusingqongileyo.
Amandla ayo okuvelisa yi-1468 MW. Okwangoku yeyakwa-Endesa.
Ngolu lwazi uya kuba nakho ukwazi izityalo zamandla ashushu eSpain kunye namandla angakanani awavelisayo.