Ukukhokela amabhunga esixeko ukuba enze imigaqo-nkqubo esekwe kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwexesha elide, izixhobo ezibiziweyo agenda 21 o Inkqubo 21. Ezi zixhobo zenziwe kwiNdebe yeHlabathi yezeNdalo nokuPhuhliswa okuZinzileyo ehlelwe liZizwe eziManyeneyo eRio de Janeiro (eBrazil) ngo-1992, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiNgqungquthela yoMhlaba. Elona nyathelo liphambili lezi zixhobo kukuba uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lunokwakhiwa ukuze izizukulwana ezizayo zikwazi ukusebenzisa izibonelelo zendalo njengoko sisenza namhlanje.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga ne-Agenda 21, yenzelwe ntoni, ivela phi kwaye ifundiswa njani ezixekweni.
Imvelaphi yeAgenda 21
Ukwenza into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Agenda 21, i-UN yathatha inxaxheba apho Amazwe ali-172 atyikitywa azibophelela ekusebenziseni yonke imigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo, ezoqoqosho nezentlalo kwinqanaba lendawo ukuze ijolise kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Yonke imimandla neengingqi kufuneka ziphuhlise ii-Ajenda zeNgingqi zabo 21. Ngamanye amagama, umasipala ngamnye ukhululekile ukuba enze imigaqo kwinqanaba lendawo ngokubhekisele kokusingqongileyo kunye nolondolozo lwezixhobo zendalo.
Ezi mpawu zichongiwe luhlobo oluphambili loqoqosho kumasipala ngamnye, umhlaba okhoyo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yezoqoqosho, ubukho bamashishini, ubukhulu bezokhenketho, njl. Ngokusekwe kuqoqosho lukamasipala, yonke imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe kujoliswe kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo nolusempilweni olubandakanyiweyo kwi-Ajenda yeNgingqi 21.
Kwinqanaba lehlabathi, inokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengesicwangciso esisetyenziswa kwinqanaba lendawo kodwa oko kubandakanya amacandelo oluntu luphela. Xa sithetha nge-Agenda 21 asibhekiseli kulondolozo oluchanekileyo lokusingqongileyo kunye nobutyebi bendalo, kodwa kukwabhekisa kumacandelo ohlukeneyo oluntu esidibana nalo. ezentlalo, ezoqoqosho, ezenkcubeko nezendalo.
Ngamafutshane, sinokuthi i-Ajenda 21 ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokuzibophelela ekuphuculeni okusingqongileyo kwaye, ke ngoko, ukonyuka komgangatho wobomi babemi boluntu, umasipala okanye ingingqi.
Iinjongo eziphambili
Iinjongo eziphambili ezilandelwe sesi sixhobo sizame ukugubungela izinto ezi-3 ezisisiseko: ukuzinza kwendalo, ubulungisa kwezentlalo kunye nokulingana kwezoqoqosho. Kuyacaca ukuba kwezi ntsika zintathu ziphambili ekufuneka zifezekisiwe, ukuxhathisa ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi. Ngangoko sifuna ukwakha i-Agenda 21 ezinzileyo ngokupheleleyo, ukuba akukho nxaxheba yabemi, nangona icwangciswe kakuhle, ngekhe kubekho ndlela isebenzayo yokumisela umda kumagunya oluntu kunye nantlukwano ekhoyo phakathi koluntu nabucala. imibutho.
Konke oku kungakhokelela kwimpixano eyahlukeneyo yezentlalo ekhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zezoqoqosho nezokusingqongileyo. Phakathi kwezihloko eziphambili ekujongwe kuzo zii-Ajenda zaseKhaya zoomasipala baseSpain, kukho ezinye ezingqongqo ngakumbi kunezinye. Siza kuhlalutya iinjongo eziphambili ezihlalutyiweyo kwezi zixhobo:
- Ukuncitshiswa kongcoliseko lomoya.
- Ukucwangciswa kunye nokulungelelaniswa kommandla.
- Ukuncitshiswa kokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokulwa intlango kunye nembalela.
- Ukuphuculwa nokwaziswa kophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.
- Ukukhuthaza ezendalo kunye nefuthe eliphantsi kwezolimo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwiindawo zasemaphandleni.
- Ulondolozo lwendalo.
- Ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lweelwandle kunye neelwandle.
- Ukukhuselwa konxweme kunye neelwandle.
- Ukuphuculwa komgangatho wonikezelo lwamanzi amatsha.
- Ulawulo olunengqiqo lweekhemikhali eziyityhefu kunye nokuncitshiswa kongcoliseko lwazo.
- Ukuphuculwa kolawulo lwenkunkuma enobungozi kunye neeradioactive.
- Ukwaziswa kweenkqubo ezingcono zolawulo lwenkunkuma eqinileyo.
Zonke ezi njongo zinokufumaneka phantse kulo naliphi na uluntu elisebenzisa isicwangciso sophuhliso oluzinzileyo nge-Ajenda yaseKhaya 21. Ukuze oku kube nefuthe elihle kokubini kwinqanaba lokusingqongileyo, kwezentlalo nakwezoqoqosho, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimikhosi yezentlalo eyenzileyo iyafuneka. Kuko konke oku kunengqiqo kukho indlela emayenziwe. Inqaku elilandelayo siza kuchaza inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuba yeyiphi imigaqo esisiseko kunye nendlela yokusebenza.
Imigaqo yeAgenda 21
Nje ukuba sizibone zonke iinjongo ezenziwa sesi sixhobo kwicandelo lezendalo, siya kuphonononga iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezinconyelwayo xa kusetyenziswa yonke le migaqo isisiseko. Siza kuzihlalutya nganye nganye:
- Ukulalanisa kwezopolitiko: Kubalulekile ukuba onke amaxwebhu atyikityiweyo aphantsi kokuzibophelela kwezopolitiko apho injongo yokukhuthaza uzinzo kumasipala ibhengeziwe.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi: ukuze abemi babenakho ukuthatha inxaxheba kwaye, ngenxa yoko, bakwazi ukuphumeza ngokuchanekileyo zonke iinjongo zeAgenda 21, kubalulekile ukuba kubekho izixhobo ukuze abemi bathathe inxaxheba. Abathathi nxaxheba kuphela njengababukeli kuphela kodwa banenxaxheba kulungiselelo nasekuyileni amaxwebhu.
- Uxilongo: Ukuchongwa kwazo zonke iingxaki zokuzinza kufuneka kwenziwe. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba umasipala ngamnye uneengxaki ezahlukeneyo kunaleyo abahlali bajongene nayo.
- Ukulungiswa kwezenzo: Kuya kufuneka uyile isicwangciso kunye nazo zonke iinjongo kunye nezicwangciso eziya kuthi zisetyenziselwe ukuphucula iimvavanyo ekufanele ukuba uzinqumle.
- Ukubulawa: Nje ukuba zonke izicwangciso ziphuhlisiwe, okushiyekileyo kukuphumeza amanyathelo. Ezi ntshukumo ziphuhlisiwe kwisicwangciso somsebenzi esiyiyo eseta yonke into ihambe.
- Uvavanyo: akukho nto yenziwayo efuna ukuba kuvavanywe ukubona ukuba iinjongo zifezekisiwe na.
Nangona ekujongeni kuqala kubonakala ngathi kulula, ngokuhamba kwexesha kunokubonakala ukuba iinjongo zihlala zingafezekiswa ngokulula. Ukuze yonke into ihlale kakuhle kufuneka kubekho uzinzo nenkxaso kwezopolitiko. Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukuba isicwangciso siyilelwe ngendlela yokuba sinokuthembela kwinkxaso yemali. Okokugqibela, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi kunye nentsebenziswano yenye yeentsika ezisilela kakhulu kwezi meko.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi nge-Ajenda 21.