Ilizwekazi elidala okanye, ngakumbi la mazwe abumba i-European Union aneengxaki ezininzi kwaye elinye lawo lelona Imfuno ekhoyo yeoyile negesi njengemithombo yamandla.
Ixesha elide, ukunciphisa ukuthambeka okunjalo kumafutha ezinto ezingaphiliyo (ezenza i-99% yokungenisa elizweni kwe-European Union), izinikezele kumandla ahlaziyekayo, ezi zinto, njengoko sele sisazi, zicocekile kwaye ziyihlonela ngakumbi indalo esingqongileyo ukuxhomekeka kumndilili wamandla kwi-European Union-27 (enye yezona ndawo zinamandla amancinci kwihlabathi) yayingeyonto ingaphantsi 53,4% ngowama-2014. Umkhwa oqhubekayo okhulayo minyaka le ngamanyathelo amakhulu.
La Umbutho we-European Biomass Association, ishunqulelwe njenge-AEBIOM, iqhube isifundo apho ibonisa ukuba iYurophu iphela inakho Ukuzimela ngokwaneleyo kwiintsuku ezingama-66 ngonyaka kuphela ngamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Kwezi ntsuku zingama-66, 41 inokubanakho ngokuzimela ngokwakho ngenxa ye-biomass, oku kuthetha, phantse isi-2 kwisithathu sayo.
Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba uJavier Díaz, umongameli we-AVEBIOM, oko kukuthi, uMbutho waseSpain wokuBuyiselwa kwaMandla, aqinisekise ukuba:
“I-Bioenergy ngowona mthombo wamandla uhlaziyiweyo ubalulekileyo eYurophu. Sele isondele ekubeni igqithe amalahle ukuze ibe ngumthombo wamandla wokuqala wemveli ”.
Kwindawo yokuqala, eSweden
Kwimeko yokuba kuphela España, ngokucacileyo iintsuku ezingama-41 ziphantsi, nangona i-biomass evelisiweyo inokugubungela iimfuno zabanye Iintsuku ze28Oko kukuthi, ilingana nenyanga engaxhumanga kaFebruwari.
Ilizwe lethu kwinqanaba laseYurophu likwindawo ye-23, njengeBelgium.
UMlawuli weeProjekthi ze-AVEBIOM, uJorge Herrero ubonakalisa ukuba:
"Sisekude kakhulu kumazwe akhokela itafile njengeFinland okanye iSweden, ngeentsuku ezili-121 kunye ne-132, ngokulandelelana"
Nangona kunjalo, indima ye-biomass kwikamva elikufutshane le-European Union ibalulekile ukuze ikwazi ukufezekisa injongo yamandla ebekwe yi-Brussels kunyaka we-2020.
I-Bioenergy iya kuba negalelo kwisiqingatha saloo njongo Ngale nto i-EU iyakufikelela kuma-20% emveliso yamandla efunyenwe kumandla ahlaziyekayo.
UHerrero ucacisa ukuba:
"Kwi-2014, i-bioenergy yenza i-61% yawo onke amandla ahlaziyiweyo asetyenzisiweyo, alingana ne-10% yamandla onke asetyenziswayo eYurophu."
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Ukupholisa nokufudumeza zimele malunga neepesenti ezingama-50 zamandla ewonke kwi-European Union, oku kuthetha ukuba i-bioenergy efunyenwe yi-biomass yinkokeli phakathi kwamandla ahlaziyekayo okusetyenziswa kwe-thermal kunye ne-88% yokusetyenziswa kobushushu nokupholisa, ucinga ukuba ekugqibeleni, i-16% yamandla amakhulu aseYurophu.
Ukukhula rhoqo kwe-biomass eSpain
E-Spain, kwaye nangona ikwindawo esezantsi esezantsi kwitafile esezingeni, kangangeminyaka ngoku bekuqhubeka umzamo omkhulu.
Ukwanda kwamandla e-biomass kuyanda ngokuphindaphindayo kwaye, kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweshumi (phakathi kuka-2008 no-2016) inani lamaziko anikezelwe kwi-biomass likhule ukusuka ngaphezulu nje kwe-10.000 ukuya ngaphezulu kwama-200.000, ngomndilili we-1.000 MWt (i-megawatts ezishushu).
Ngokunjalo, olu hlobo lwamandla lunamandla amakhulu ophuhliso kwilizwe lethu kuba ukuvuna amahlathi kunokuphindwa ngaphandle kwengxakiNgaphandle kokunikezela iihektare ezizodwa kwimveliso yebiomass.
Ngokwedatha ye-AVEBIOM, ISpain ine-30% yokusetyenziswa kwe-biomass eyikhuphileyo ekucoceni amahlathi Ngelixa amazwe anjengeOstriya, iJamani okanye iSweden ekhankanywe ngasentla idla i-60% yento ekhutshiweyo kwaye siyakhumbula ukuba iSweden ikwizikhundla zokuqala ngeentsuku ezili-132 zokuzisebenzisa kwaye, okwangoku, i-Austria ineentsuku ezingama-66 (kwindawo yesi-7) kunye neJamani Iintsuku ezingama-38 (indawo ye-17).
Oko kwathethi, icandelo le-biomass eSpain lisondela kufikelela kwi-3.700 yezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka, emele i-0,34% yeMveliso yaseKhaya ePheleleyo (i-GDP) kwaye ibisonyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ixesha elithile.
Kule minyaka ili-15 idlulileyo, la mandla ahlaziyiweyo asukile igalelo le-3,2% ukuya kwi-6% yamandla asisiseko asetyenzisiweyo kwilizwe lethu.
Ngo-2015, yavelisa ngaphezu kwama-24.250 imisebenzi ethe ngqo nengathanga ngqo, isiqingatha sawo sinxulumene ngqo nokusetyenziswa kwehlathi (kwiimeko ezininzi, amahlathi ashiyiweyo) kunye nemveliso ye-biofuels.
Lo mthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nolawulo lwawo, u-Herrero wongeza, wenza ukuba kube lula ukulwa ngempumelelo ngokuchasene nefuthe lokushisa kwendalo kunye notshintsho lwemozulu, kuba ngumsebenzi ongathathi cala kwi-CO2 ekhutshwa.