Ukufezekisa injongo ephambili yesiVumelwano saseParis sokunganyusi amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kweqondo ngaphezulu kweedigri ezimbini, kunyanzelekile thatha uninzi lwe-CO2 ekhutshwa zizityalo ezitshisa izinto zokubasa zivelise amandla.
Injongo kukuzinzisa iplanethi kwaye kufuneka senze igalelo kungekuphela ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, kodwa nangokubabamba nokubakhupha kumjikelo wekhabhoni. Unenjongo yokufaka i-CO2?
Thatha i-CO2 kunye no-Edward Rubin
U-Edward rubin yenye yeengcali ezikhokelayo ekubanjweni kwe-CO2. Ngexesha lomsebenzi wakhe ebezinikele kakhulu kuphando lokubanjwa, ukuthuthwa kunye nokugcinwa kwe-CO2 ekhutshwe zizityalo zamandla obushushu ezivela kwiYunivesithi yaseCarnegie Mellon (eUSA). Enkosi kulwazi olunzulu, ebekhokela eli candelo lophando kuzo zonke iingxelo ezikhutshwe yi-IPCC.
URubin ucinga ukuba uninzi lweemodeli zemozulu ezilinganisa iimeko ezizayo zeplanethi yethu azikucingi ukuncitshiswa okukhawulezileyo kokukhutshwa, njengaleyo amazwe acebise ukuyenza. isiVumelwano saseParis, ngaphandle kokubanjwa kunye nokugcinwa komhlaba kwe-CO2.
Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza njengoko ukutshintshela kwamandla kuya kuhlaziywa. Ke ngoko kuyimfuneko ukufaka i-CO2 ekhutshiweyo.
Isisombululo sokukhutshwa kwegesi
Kuba akukho lula kangako ukuyeka ukusebenzisa amalahle kunye neoyile, kwaye ezona mpahla zithandwayo zinje ngomoya kunye nelanga zikhula ngokukhawuleza kodwa azonelanga, akunakwenzeka ukufezekisa. i-2% i-CO80 yehle ngenkulungwane yenkulungwane ngaphandle kokuba i-CO2 ibanjiwe emoyeni.
"Siphila kwihlabathi elinamakhoboka eefosili, apho kunzima kakhulu ukukhupha uluntu kubo ngaphandle kobunzima benguqu yemozulu," utshilo uRubin.
Ulwazi lwenzululwazi malunga ne-CO2 kunye nomjikelo wobomi bayo buqhubele phambili ngokwaneleyo ukuba buphuhle kwaye buphumeze iindlela zokunceda ukubamba, ukuhambisa kunye nokugcina i-CO2. Kungale ndlela kuphela apho inani elikhulu le-CO2 likhoyo emoyeni okwangoku. Kuyimfuneko, ukuze ezi zicwangciso zenziwe, ukuba utyalomali ekubanjweni kwe-CO2 kulawulwe ngemigaqo.
"Kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo olunye utyalo-mali lwenziwa kwangaphambili, kuba iinkampani bezicinga ukuba zizakufuna iinzame ezifanelekileyo ukunqanda ukungcolisa, kodwa lakuphela ithemba lokuthatha amanyathelo ezopolitiko kulo mba, bayeka ukutyala imali", uyacacisa. .
Phakathi kotyalo mali olwenziwe, ezinye zazo zabulawa eSpain. IKhomishini yaseYurophu yanikezela i-180 yezigidi zeerandi kwiprojekthi yokubanjwa nokugcinwa kwe-CO2 eCompostilla, isityalo se-Endesa esiseCubillos de Sil (León), esaphazanyiswa ngo-2013, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuhla kwamaxabiso amalungelo okuphuma kwi-EU.
Imfuneko yomthetho
URubin uyangqina ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba kubekwe imimiselo enegalelo ekuziqhelaniseni neemarike notyalo-mali ukusebenza nokubanjwa kwe-CO2. Umzekelo, xa kwaphuma umthetho olawula ukujikeleza kwezithuthi ezikhutshwa ziigesi ezingaphezulu, Izixhobo zokufaka zifakiwe ukunciphisa i-CO2 ekhutshiweyo.
Kuba kukho ishishini emva kokuveliswa kombane, kunzima ukubheja kunikezelo oluhlangabezana nale mfuno ikhulayo ngamandla ahlaziyekayo. Awuzukubona ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa ngaphandle komgaqo emva kwawo.
Ukufakwa kwe-CO2 kwahlukile kumandla ahlaziyekayo kuba ayikwazi kuphela ukuvelisa umbane, kodwa iyayisebenzisa. Ke ngoko, ekuphela kwesizathu sokubamba i-CO2 kukumohlwaya Umthetho wokukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ongenakho ukubanjwa kuhamba kunye nawo.
URubin uyangqina ukuba ukuba bekunjalo, akukho sithintelo senzululwazi okanye setekhnoloji esinokuthintela ukubanjwa kwe-CO2 kwihlabathi liphela.
Ingxaki enkulu, ngelixa indawo yehlabathi isazi ngotshintsho lwemozulu, i-United States, kunye noDonald Trump ngaphambili, ishiya izivumelwano zamazwe aphesheya kulawulo lokukhutshwa komhlaba, amazwe angaphuhlanga kwaye asaphuhlayo awanazo iitekhnoloji eziyimfuneko ukulawula ukukhutshwa okukuko , amazwe ahambele phambili athenga ubungakanani bokukhutshwa kwamazwe ahluphekayo, kuba ngaphezulu kwako konke babekelwe ukuba baphile, ke kufuneka benze ntoni? sizakuyaphi kolu gqatso lobudenge?