Los Imithombo yendalo enokuhlaziywa Zezo zingangcolisi imo engqongileyo, ziveliswa ngokwemvelo kwaye azipheli ukuba ziyakwazi ukuzilawula kakuhle kwaye zidle ngesantya esisezantsi kunoko kuveliswa nguMhlaba. Phakathi kwezi zixhobo sinamandla ahlaziyekayo namanzi.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuba uyazi malunga nemithombo yendalo ehlaziyiweyo, iimpawu zabo kunye nokubaluleka.
ubutyebi bendalo obuhlaziyekayo
Bonke obo butyebi bunokuzaliswa ngexeshana elifutshane bubizwa ngokuba yimithombo yendalo ehlaziyekayo. Ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo ezingahlaziyekiyo, ezinesiphelo kwaye ziphela ekuhambeni kwexesha, Izibonelelo ezivuselelekayo zezo ziya kuhlala zikhona ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ubuncwane bendalo obuhlaziyekayo bubandakanya amanzi, ilanga, umoya, amaza, i-biomass, kunye nezityalo. Ezi zixhobo zibalulekile kubomi bomntu kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemizi-mveliso nemisebenzi, ukusuka kwimveliso yokutya ukuya ekuveliseni amandla.
Amanzi yenye yezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo ezinokuthi zihlaziyeke kwaye ngelishwa aya enqaba ngokunqaba ngenxa yefuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nembalela. Yinto ebalulekileyo kubomi bomntu kwaye isetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ezolimo, ishishini kunye nokuveliswa kombane ophehlwa ngamanzi. Ukongezelela, amanzi anokucocwa aze asetyenziswe kwakhona, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe ngumthombo oxabiseke kakhulu.
Amandla elanga yenye indlela ebalulekileyo yobutyebi obunokuhlaziywa. Ukukhanya kwelanga kungasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane ngeepaneli zelanga, nto leyo eyenza ibe ngumthombo wamandla ococekileyo nozinzileyo.
Umoya ukwangumthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo obalulekileyo. Iifama zomoya zisebenzisa iiinjini zomoya ukuvelisa umbane kumandla omoya. La mandla acocekileyo nazinzileyo aya ethandwa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele.
Amanzi akwangumthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo. Amaziko ombane olwandle asebenzisa amandla amaza ukwenza umbane. Nangona ingekasetyenziswa ngokubanzi, olu hlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo lunamandla amakhulu.
I-biomass kunye nezityalo ziyakwazi ukuvuselelwa. I-biomass yiyo nayiphi na imathiriyeli ephilayo enokuthi isetyenziswe njengamafutha, njenge iinkuni, ubulongwe kunye neentsalela zezityalo. Izityalo ezifana nemithi kunye nokutya okuziinkozo zinokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa i-biofuels nezinye iimveliso.
Izixhobo ezingafumanekiyo
Izixhobo ezingahlaziyekiyo, njengoko igama labo libonisa, zezo azinakuphinda zihlaziywe ngokwemvelo, okanye ngokucotha kangangokuba azinakuze zigqibe umyinge abantu abazisebenzisa ngawo.
Obu butyebi bendalo buthanda ukunyamalala kwaye buphele, ngoko ke kufuneka balawulwe ngokwemiqathango yokunqongophala, nokuba buninzi okwethutyana. Imizekelo yobuncwane obunjalo yioli, amalahle negesi yendalo.
Izinto eziluncedo zokusebenzisa amandla ahlaziyekayo
Amandla ahlaziyekayo aneenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwemithombo yamandla angahlaziyekiyo. Okokuqala, zicocekile kwaye azikhuphi iigesi ze-greenhouse, lokanye oko kunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Kwakhona, zizinzileyo kwaye azipheli ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngokungafaniyo namafutha efosili aphela ngokukhawuleza.
Olunye uncedo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kukuba lukhuselekile kwaye alufane lubangele iintlekele zokusingqongileyo njengokuchitheka kweoyile okanye uqhushumbo lwasemgodini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, zinexabiso eliphantsi kuba azifuni ukungeniswa ngamafutha efosili kwaye zinokwenza ukonga kakhulu kwiindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwazo. ESpain singenisa ngaphandle isixa esikhulu samandla angaphandle esinokuthi sigcine iindleko zawo ngenxa yokukhuthaza amandla avuselelekayo.
Amandla ahlaziyekayo nawo anesakhono esikhulu sokudala imisebenzi kunye nokuvuselela uqoqosho lwasekhaya. Amandla elanga nawomoya, umzekelo, afuna ukufakela nokugcinwa, nto leyo enokudala imisebenzi eluntwini. Inkalo ebalulekileyo yolu hlobo lwamandla kukuba inokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe, olunokudala amathuba amatsha oshishino, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukukhuphisana kwehlabathi.
Enye inzuzo kukuba inceda ukuhlukahluka konikezelo lwamandla kunye kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumafutha efosili. Oku kunokonyusa ukhuseleko lwamandla kwaye kunciphise ukuba sesichengeni kukuguquguquka kwentengiso kunye nokuphazamiseka konikezelo lwamafutha.
Imizekelo yemithombo yendalo ehlaziyekayo
Makhe sibone ukuba yeyiphi eyona mizekelo yemithombo yendalo ehlaziyekayo:
- Amandla e-Geothermal. Iveliswa bubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa ngaphakathi emhlabeni, obufudumeza amanzi aphantsi komhlaba ize iwazise phezu komhlaba, apho anokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane.
- Amandla omoya. Umoya usetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla ombane. Kule nto, kusetyenziswa ii-injini zomoya, ezizizixhobo eziguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe ngamandla ombane.
- Izinto eziphilayo. Ziquka umxube wezinto eziphilayo ezivela kwizityalo ezifana nombona kunye nommoba, okanye imbewu yeoli efana neembotyi zesoya kunye nemithi yesundu. I-biofuels yenza kube lula ukuvelisa amandla, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-bioethanol kunye ne-biodiesel.
- Amandla esola. Ngomnye wemithombo ebalulekileyo yamandla. Kunokuthiwa ngowona mthombo wamandla ongatshiyo okhoyo kwisijikelezi-langa sethu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga kukhuthazwa ngakumbi.
- Amanzi. Ibalulekile kubomi bazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo kwaye ikwangumthombo wamandla, kuba umbane unokuveliswa ngenxa yentshukumo yamanzi amaninzi. Ukugcinwa kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu kuba inkqubo yokucoca iyabiza. Nangona ehlaziyeka, sisixhobo esinesiphelo kuba amanzi angcolisekileyo akanamsebenzi kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezibandakanya oko.
- Iphepha. Ifumaneka kwimithi. Nangona ingumthombo ohlaziyekayo, iinkuni kunye nephepha zinokunqongophala ukuba imithi ithe yagawulwa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba inokuphinda ikhule.
- Ukhula lwaselwandle. Ziyimithombo ebalulekileyo evuselelekayo kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ezifana nokuveliswa kwezichumisi kunye namashishini amayeza kunye ne-cosmetic.
- Umthi. Ukugawulwa kwemithi kuvelisa iinkuni, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo, njengefenitshala. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukugawula akunyanzelekanga njengoko kunokudlula ixesha elifunekayo ukuze imveliso iphinde ivele.
- Amandla eTidal. Utshintsho kumphakamo wolwandle olubangelwa ngumxhuzulane alupheli. Uluntu oluninzi lusebenzisa obu butyebi ukwenza amandla.
- Iimveliso zezolimo. Zonke ezo mveliso zifunyenwe kwimisebenzi yezolimo, ezifana nombona, iimbotyi zesoya, iitumato okanye iiorenji, zibonakala zingapheli, nje ukuba kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuze ungawomi umhlaba.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nemithombo yendalo ehlaziyiweyo kunye neempawu zabo.