Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye yeenyoka ezaziwa kakhulu kwihlabathi ngokuba yenye yezona zinetyhefu kwilizwekazi laseAfrika. Imalunga ne- Imamba emnyama. Yeyosapho lakwa-Elipidae kwaye ibonakaliswe ngokuba yityhefu. Ezi nyoka zibonakaliswa ngezinye izinto ezimangalisa abantu abaninzi.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nemamba emnyama.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Yinyoka enombala oluhlaza uluhlaza mnyama okanye ngwevu ngasemva kunye nombala omhlophe ngasemva. Ibizwa ngokuba yimamba emnyama kuba umbala ongaphakathi emlonyeni wayo umnyama luhlaza. Yenye yeenyoka ezinde kwi-Afrika iphela, ubude be-specimen yabantu abadala malunga ne-2,5 yeemitha kwaye banokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-4,5.
Olunye lweempawu ezinokuthi zibonwe ngohlobo lwazo kukuba intloko yalo inde kwaye imxinwa. Sisirhubuluzi, sisebenza ngexesha lasemini kwaye siyashukuma ngaphandle kokungabikho kwamalungu omzimba. Ngenye yezona zikhawulezayo kwihlabathi, ukukwazi ukuhamba ngesantya seekhilomitha ezingama-20 ngeyure. Ukuzinza kuyisebenzisa kwangaphambili ukufumana uluhlu olukhulu lwempumelelo ekuzingeleni ixhoba layo.
Ngokubanzi, uneentloni kunye nokuziphatha elilolo. Rhoqo unokubona iintlobo ezininzi zemamba emnyama ngaxeshanye. Nangona kunjalo, inendawo yokuziphatha efanelekileyo. Ukuba ubona omnye umntu oziva esisongelo okanye onokuhlasela indawo yabo, uya kuba ndlongondlongo kakhulu. Ukuma akwamkelayo kwezi meko kukuphakamisa intloko yakhe ayiphakamise kwaye abonakalise ihood anayo emacaleni entloko. Eli nqaku limenza abukeke njengephimpi, kuphela likhulu kunaye. Utshitshisa kwaye avule umlomo wakhe ukuze ahlasele elona xesha lifanelekileyo.
Enye yeempawu ezoyikwa kakhulu kukuba xa izingela ayikwenzi oko ngokuhlasela kube kanye kuphela. Imodus operandi yayo yile Ukuhlaselwa amatyeli aliqela ngokulandelelana kwaye ngokukhawuleza okukhulu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bexhoba. Xa iluma, itofa ityhefu ebulalayo ukukhubaza okanye ukubuphelisa ubomi bomntu. Ibanjiwe kakhulu kuba ibingunobangela wokusweleka kwabantu. Nangona ukusweleka kungakhange kubangelwe yimamba emnyama ehlasela kuqala, iye yaziva isoyikiswa kwindawo yayo.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokuhambisa
Le nyoka yemveli kwilizwekazi laseAfrika. Indawo yokuhambisa ibandakanya amazwe apho sifumana khona ICongo, i-Ethiopia, iUganda, iZambia, iTanzania, iMalawi, iMozambiki, neKenya.
Ihlala ihlala kwindalo eyahlukeneyo kuba inamandla amakhulu okuziqhelanisa. Nangona kunjalo, ii-ecosystems ezikhethiweyo zezo zinendawo eyomileyo enobushushu obuncinci. Ke, siyifumana kubantu abaninzi kwiindawo ezisentlango nakwii-savanna. Ezi zixhobo zibekwe kubude obungaphantsi kweemitha ezili-1000. Kwelinye icala, sinokuzifumana nakumahlathi nakumahlathi afumileyo kunye neendawo eziphakamileyo ezifikelela kwi-1600 kunye ne-1800 yeemitha ukuphakama. Kuqwalaselwa njengohlobo olufunyanwa phakathi kotyani apho lubeka khona imingxunya emingxunyeni encinci okanye ematyeni. Ngamaxesha athile kuphela apho kunokuba yinyoka yomthi. Oku kuyenzeka ukuba zikwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) enezityalo ezininzi.
Ukondla imamba emnyama
Olu hlobo luzingela emini kwaye luphumla ebusuku. Amaxhoba aqhelekileyo zizilwanyana ezanyisayo, iintaka kunye nezirhubuluzi ezinobungakanani obuncinci. Bayakwazi ukuzikhusela kumarhamncwa amakhulu ngenxa yetyhefu ebulalayo abanayo. Ukubamba ixhoba lazo, zisebenzisa ukuluma kwazo ngendlela yokuba ixhoba likwazi ukufa kwimizuzwana nje embalwa. Iziphumo eziphambili zetyhefu yazo kukukhubazeka. Ixhoba ebelifakwe ityhefu likhubazeke ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokulinika ithuba lokuzikhusela. Xa ityhefu iqala ukusebenza ixhoba liyafa.
Xa sele idibene nexhoba layo kwaye ilizingele Uyayigqiba ngaphandle kokuhlafuna. Ukwenza oku, thintela umhlathi wayo osezantsi njengoko ezi zirhubuluzi zisenza ngokubanzi. Le yindlela abanokuginya ixhoba liphela kwaye inkqubo yokwetyisa inoxanduva lokugaya isilwanyana ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuzaliswa kwemamba emnyama
Ukuzaliswa kwesi silwanyana esirhubuluzayo kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka. Lixesha kuphela lonyaka apho sinokufumana abantu abaliqela besi sityalo kwindalo enye ngokuzikhethela. Ixesha lokukhwelana lenzeka ngentwasahlobo. Ngeli xesha, iinkunzi ziyakhuphisana zodwa kubafazi. Ukwenza oku, bayadibanisa imizimba yabo ukuzama ukukhusela utshaba kwaye baphakamise iintloko zabo ngaphezulu komchasi. Nabani na ophumelele edabini unodumo lokukwazi ukukhupha intokazi kwaye aqale ukudibana.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwe-oviparous. Imazi inakho ukubeka amaqanda aphakathi kwe-6 ne-17 emngxunyeni. Akathathelwa ngqalelo njengoMama kuba engenanxaxheba kukhathalelo okanye ekukhuseleni amaqanda. Amaqanda aqandusela kwiinyanga ezintathu kwaye abantu abatsha sele bekwazi ukuzifumanela ukutya okanye bakhule kwaye bazikhulise.
Ubuhlungu bemamba emnyama yiyo ebenza yaziwe kakuhle. Ityhefu inee-neurotoxins ezinamandla kunye ne-cardiotoxins ezisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Bahlasela ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yeemvakalelo kunye nenkqubo yentliziyo. Ukukunika umbono wokuba iyingozi kangakanani le tyhefu yale nyoka, siza kukuxelela ukuba nganye iluma Iyakwazi ukutofa i-100 mg yetyhefu, ngelixa idosi ekwaziyo ukubulala umntu yi-10 mg kuphela. Oko kukuthi, ngokuhlaba nje omnye kuya kuba nakho ukubuphelisa ubomi bomntu kwimizuzwana nje.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi ngemamba emnyama.