Xa sithetha nge Ikheji yeFaraday Sithetha ngesikhongozeli esigutyungelwe zizinto ezihambisa umbane. UMichael Faraday wayengusosayensi owayenegalelo elikhulu kwihlabathi lesayensi. Ndiyabulela kule sisazinzulu, uninzi lwezinto esizisebenzisa kwimihla yethu ukusebenzisa imigaqo-cage kaFaraday.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nekheji yeFaraday, iimpawu zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Xa sithetha ngekheji yeFaraday sibhekisa kwisikhongozeli esigutyungelwe zizinto ezisebenza ngombane. Ezi zinto ziqhubayo zinokuba ziipleyiti zesinyithi okanye imesh. Iseti yezi zinto zisebenza njengekhaka ngokuchasene nefuthe lombane wombane ovela ngaphandle. Enkosi ngokufunyanwa kukaMichael Faraday, uninzi lwezinto esizisebenzisayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla zisebenzisa umgaqo wale kheyiji. Eminye yemizekelo yezinto esizisebenzisayo kwimihla yethu kwaye zilandela lo mgaqo ziintambo, iimoto, iinqwelomoya kunye nee-oveni zemicrowave, phakathi kwabanye.
Ubume kunye nobukhulu bezinto bunokutshintsha, kunye nezinto ezikwigagasi likaFaraday. Ukuze siqonde ngokupheleleyo zonke iimpawu zekheji yaseFaraday, siza kuthatha uhambo ukubuyela emva ngexesha ukuze siqonde imbali yayo.
Ekuqaleni kwayo yonke loo nto, uMichael Faraday Ngomnyaka we-1836 wenza iimvavanyo ezamvumela ukuba akhe le kheyi yokwambathisa. Iphethe igama lomqambi wayo kuba wayengumntu ukuba aqwalasele ukuba izinto ezenziwayo zibonisa iziphumo zokukhutshwa kombane kuphela ngaphandle. Olu hlobo lokulinga lubonakalisile ukuba iintlawulo zomqhubi zinakho ukuhanjiswa ngendlela yokuba zinokurhoxisa indawo zombane ezenzeka ngaphakathi.
Ukuqinisekisa iziphumo zoku kufumanisa, UFaraday wagubungela iindonga zegumbi elinamashiti ealuminium. Usebenzise iijenreyitha yombane kwaye waqalisa ukusebenzisa amandla ombane aphezulu egumbini. Nge-electroscope wakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yombane ngaphakathi kwigumbi yayiyi-zero. I-Electroscope sisixhobo esivumela ukuba sikwazi ukubona ubukho beentlawulo zombane ngaphakathi komzimba. Ngombulelo kolu hlobo lwesixhobo, inani elikhulu leengozi ebaleni lombane linokuthintelwa.
Ndiyabulela kuvavanyo lwekheji yaseFaraday kunye nezinye ezininzi, le sayensi ibingomnye wabo benza ukuba umbane ukwazi ukusebenzisa izinto ezinje ngezi sizaziyo namhlanje.
Isebenza njani ikheji likaFaraday
Siza kubona ukuba zeziphi iziseko zokusebenza kwale kheyiji. Xa sifaka ifildi yombane kwisitya esiphantse sagqunywa ngezinto zentsimbi ezinje I-aluminium okanye i-meshes yentsimbi, siyazi ukuba isikhongozeli sisebenza njengombhexeshi wombane olungiselelwe. Xa esi sikhongozeli siba polarised, siye sihlawuliswe ngeentlawulo ezilungileyo kwicala apho intsimi yangaphandle ye-electromagnetic ihamba khona. Siyazi ukuba, ngaxeshanye ihlawuliswe ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphandle, ihlawuliswe kakubi kwicala elichaseneyo. Ngale ndlela, intsimi yobukhulu obulinganayo iyenziwa kodwa kwicala elichaseneyo nomhlaba wombane osetyenzisiweyo.
Isiphumo samacandelo omabini omabini ngaphakathi sithethi kwaye umphandle ulingana no-zero. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yento yokuba izinto zokuqhuba zi-odola zonke iirhafu zazo nanini na xa zidibana neenkalo zombane zangaphandle. Ngale ndlela, bayakwazi uku-odola intlawulo zabo ngaphezulu ngendlela yokuba intsimi yangaphakathi inexabiso le-zero.
Uyenza njani ikheji yeFaraday
Ukuba ufuna ukuzama ukulingisa njengoMichael Faraday, ungazama ukuzenzela ikheyi yeFaraday. Umzekelo, sinokuyisonga ngokupheleleyo ifowuni kwialuminium. Ukuba senza oku siya kuthintela umqondiso wakho ngokupheleleyo. Ukwenza olu hlobo lwehhoko kulula kakhulu. Kufuneka sibambe indawo ethile ngaphakathi kwezinto eziqhubayo. Zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ziyafikeleleka. Singasebenzisa izinto zentsimbi ezinje ngefoyile ye-aluminium, iibhokisi, umnatha wesinyithi okanye inkunkuma yentsimbi.
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokwenza izilwanyana zaseFaraday kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ezinye zezinto:
- Ukuba siza kusebenzisa i-meshes okanye iigridi, imingxunya kulowo umqhubi kufuneka ibe mncinci kunobude bomqondiso oza kuvalwa.
- Indawo yangaphakathi kufuneka ibekelwe bucala ngaphandle kokubakho kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lweentanda. Iintanda zikhona Ikheji likaFaraday alizukuhlukaniswa ngokupheleleyo.
- Ubungqingqwa bomqhubi kufuneka busetyenzisiwe ngokwamaxesha ofuna ukuwathintela.
Zininzi iindlela zokwenza ikheji yeFaraday. Masibone ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo aphambili okwenza olu hlobo lwehhoko:
- Yenza isilinda esenziwe ngentsimbi kunye neqonga lealuminium.
- Kuya kufuneka ubeke irediyo kwaye ulungise eqongeni. Emva koko, nyusa isilinda enemingxuma yentsimbi kwiqonga. Njengoko ubeke umnatha wentsimbi, kuya kufuneka ujonge ukuba isiginali yerediyo iqala ukonakala. Oku kuthetha ukuba amaza ombane anokufunyanwa ngoonomathotholo ayaphazanyiswa kukubekwa kwesingxobo sentsimbi.
- Sebenzisa iiselfowuni kwaye uqinisekise ukuba banako ukwenza okanye ukufumana iifowuni. Emva koko, songa enye yeefowuni ngaphakathi kwiphepha lephepha lealuminium kwaye xa ufowuna kule fowuni, uya kuqaphela ukuba umqondiso uvaliwe.
Eminye imizekelo
Eminye imizekelo yekheji yaseFaraday namhlanje inokubonwa kwimizekelo emininzi kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Enye yazo kuxa siqhubeka ikhetshi okanye isakhiwo esenziwe ngentsimbi. Kule ndawo, iiselfowuni zethu azisebenzi. Kwakhona kwenzeka nge microwave. Ukuthintela amaza abaleke aye ngaphandle, ikheji yeFaraday yenziwa ukuthintela iziphumo eziyingozi empilweni. Iisuti ezizodwa zamagcisa ombane nawo ayafana.
Ukuba sidibene nemoto yethu ngexesha lesiphango sombane, ngokuhlala ngaphakathi kwisithuthi sikhuselekile kumbane.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nezilwanyana zaseFaraday kunye neempawu zayo.