Amanzi yinto ebalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kobomi. Inika indawo kwiindawo ezininzi apho kunokwenziwa unxibelelwano ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Inkqubo ye- Iindawo eziphila emanzini angenawo amanzi ngabo imeko yendalo ingamanzi alulwelo, umxholo ophantsi kakhulu kwiityiwa. Kule ecosystem sifumana iindawo ezifana nemilambo, amachibi, imigxobhozo, imigxobhozo, amahlathi kunye namathafa ezikhukhula. Bazizityebi kakhulu kwindalo eyahlukeneyo kwaye babalulekile kwimozulu yeplanethi.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, izinto eziphilayo kunye nokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo zamanzi.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Amanzi lolunye lweempawu eziphambili ezikhoyo kolu hlobo lwendalo. Banomxholo wetyuwa ongaphantsi kwe-0.05% ngee-acid eziphilayo kunye neetyhefu ezahlukeneyo. Imixokomelo yendalo yamanzi acocekileyo yahlulwa njengezinto ezingaphezulu komhlaba nezingaphantsi komhlaba. Ngokwolawulo lwangoku, bahlula-hlulwe baba zii-lotics kunye ne-lentic.
I-ecosystems zeLotus zamanzi yimilambo, kuba zibonakaliswa ngokuba nomsinga wamanzi rhoqo kunye nolwalathiso oluchaziweyo. Kwelinye icala, i-lentic ngamachibi, amachibi, amachibi kunye nemigxobhozo apho amanzi avalelwe kancinane kwindawo encinci kunye nomsinga omncinci kakhulu okanye onqabileyo. Kule mimandla yendalo iyantlukwano yezityalo zasemanzini, zombini ezidadayo neziphumayo zize zitshone emanzini, ziyanda. Ukongeza, kukho inani elikhulu leentlobo zezilwanyana apho iintlanzi, izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezingenamqolo zibonakala. Kwakhona Ezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana zasemanzini ezinje ngamahlengethwa, ii-otters kunye ne-manatees zinokuhlala apho.
Ingxaki isuka emntwini. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yezoqoqosho, iindawo eziphilayo zamanzi acocekileyo ziyonakaliswa kwaye zithotyiwe.
Izinto ezinamanzi acocekileyo zendalo
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto ezenza ezi zinto eziphilayo. Zinezinto zebhayoloji ezenziwe ngabantu kunye nezinto ze-abiotic ezenziwa zizinto ezingaphiliyo ezinxibelelana namanzi amatsha kunye nokusingqongileyo. Amanzi afreshi luphawu oluphambili lwezi zinto eziphilayo kwaye yile nto zichazayo. Yimeko apho unxibelelwano phakathi kwabaphilayo nabangaphili lwenzeka khona. Abantu abaninzi bayathandabuza malunga nokuba amanzi athathwa njengamanzi amnandi. Amanzi etyuwa athathelwa ingqalelo xa ene-3% kwiityiwa, Ngelixa amanzi amatsha echazwa xa engaphantsi kwe-0.05%. Amanzi phakathi kwezi pesenti athathwa njengamanzi amtyuba.
Ezi zinto ziphila kwindalo zibonakala ngokuba neetyuwa ezixineneyo. Iyanda kuphela ukugxila elwandle okanye kumachibi amakhulu kakhulu afana noLwandle oluFileyo. Amanzi emilambo kunye namachibi ahlala ethwala izinto eziphilayo kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokumisa nokumiswa.
Ulwahlulo lwendalo yamanzi acocekileyo
Ezi zinto ziphilayo ziyahlelwa ngokuxhomekeke kwicala kunye nomjelo wamanzi ngoku. Ukuba amanzi ade amile okanye anolwalathiso oluphambili. Kwakhona Ziye zahlulwa ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni kungaphezulu okanye emanzini aphantsi komhlaba. Eminye imilambo kunye namachibi ahamba ngemiqolomba enamanzi kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi kwaye ajongwa njengamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba angenamanzi. Ulawulo lwangoku lwamanzi acocekileyo lwendalo luhlelwa ngokufanayo. Eyokuqala yimilambo kwaye eyesibini ngamachibi ukongeza kwezinye iintlobo zemigxobhozo.
Izinto eziphilayo zendalo
Zizo ezo ntlobo apho imilambo, imilambo kunye nemisinga ibandakanywayo. Babonakaliswe sisibakala sokuba amanzi ahamba ngoku nangolwalathiso oluthile. Le ntshukumo kunye nokushenxiswa kwamanzi kumiselwa kukungalingani komhlaba. Njengoko kukho ithambeka, lIsenzo somxhuzulane senza ukuhamba kwamanzi ngesantya esithile. Imeko yokusingqongileyo kwemvula, ikhephu okanye umkhenkce onyibilikayo awuthwali kuphela amasuntswana amanzi kodwa neentsika. Ukuba ubonelelo lwamanzi lukhulu ngokwaneleyo, amanzi abalekayo aveliswa ngombane osisigxina.
Imisinga yamanzi emilambo ilandela indlela eya kwizimo zengqondo eziphantsi. Ngokwesiqhelo le mimandla ihlala ingoxinzelelo lomhlaba okanye lolwandle. Ekuqaleni ithambeka likhulu kwaye isantya samanzi naso. Kwindawo esezantsi yomlambo isantya samanzi sihamba kancinci. Yonke indlela, imisinga yamanzi incinci ekuqaleni kwaye ayamanyana ukwenza imilambo emikhulu.
Izinto eziphilayo zeLentic
Zizo ezo zibandakanya amachibi, amachibi, amachibi, imigxobhozo, phakathi kwabanye. Nangona kukho intshukumo encinci yamanzi, ayinalo ulwalathiso oluphambili. Azisoloko zihlala kunye nendawo ezinamanzi amileyo kuba oku kuzisa ingxaki kwiyantlukwano ekhoyo. Ifana neenkqubo zamanzi amanzi ezivaliweyo ikamva lazo lokuba livalwe ngamatye kwaye linyamalale.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zamanzi acocekileyo
izilwanyana
Izilwanyana zenkqubo yasemanzini zahlukile kakhulu. Izilwanyana ezibalaseleyo kwezi ndawo ziintlanzi. Nangona kunjalo, inani elikhulu lama-invertebrates ahlala kwi-mollusks kunye nezinambuzane. Ezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo zavela kookhokho basemhlabeni ukuze zilungelelanise nobomi bamanzi. Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwizirhubuluzi. Kukho inani elikhulu leehagu, iingwenya, iinyoka kunye neenqanawa ezihambelana ngokupheleleyo nobomi bamanzi.
Kukho iindidi ezingaphezu kwama-8.000 zeentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nezinye ezinakho ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ebomini babo elwandle nakwimizimba yamanzi amatsha. Phakathi kwezilwanyana zasemanzini sifumana i-manatee kunye nezinye iintlobo zemilambo yehlengesi zemilambo. Kwintsimi yezirhubuluzi, uninzi lwazo silufumana kwiindawo ezishushu. Sinamarhamncwa amakhulu afana neorinoco alligator, ingwenya yomNayile kunye nenhlwathi eluhlaza. Kukwakho noofudo bamanzi amnandi njengofudo olubomvu kunye ne-arrau turtle.
Okokugqibela, kwicala lezilwanyana kukho inani elikhulu lezilwanyana ezingenamqolo ezinje ngee-crustaceans kunye nezinambuzane. Phakathi kwee-crustaceans sine-shrimp kunye ne-prawns kunye nezinye ii-crustaceans ezincinci eziyinxalenye yeplankton.
Flora
Iintyatyambo ziqhelana nokuhlala kwezi meko zombini apha Inxalenye ivele njengamanzi. Yiyo loo nto sifumana izityalo ezidadayo nezisakhulayo. Ezi zityalo zidadayo zityhalwa yimisinga logama ezo zisakhasayo zincothulwe neengcambu ezincamathele emazantsi emilambo. Bavame ukwandisa iziqu zabo kunye namagqabi ngaphezulu ukuze baqhube i-photosynthesis ngokusebenza kakuhle.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga ne-ecosystems zamanzi amatsha.