Amandla ahlaziyekayo sisixhobo esiphambili ekunciphiseni iigesi ezingcolisayo ezinegalelo ekunyukeni kwempembelelo yegreenhouse kwaye, ke ngoko, ukwandisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Ngale nto, iPalamente yaseYurophu inike uMgaqo omtsha oya kuthi uxele izikhokelo zokuphuhliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kule minyaka ilishumi izayo.
Amandla obukho bamandla ahlaziyiweyo andisiwe ukusuka kuma-27% ukuya kuma-35% ngowama-2030, ivunywe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu yoShishino, uPhando kunye naMandla. Ngaba ezi njongo zinamabhongo okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, azonelanga?
Ukuhlaziywa kwethagethi yokuhlaziya
I-APPA ithathela ingqalelo ukuba iSpain kufuneka inyuse igalelo layo Amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokufikelela kuma-35% Ukukhuthazwa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kufuneka kubandakanywe kuMthetho wexesha elizayo woTshintsho lweMozulu kunye noTshintsho lwaMandla.
Kwisikhokelo esiza kuphawula ukukhula kwezinto ezinokuhlaziywa eYurophu Umda we-10% ushiyekile ukuze kuzalisekiswe iinjongo. Nangona kunjalo, kumlo ochasene notshintsho lwemozulu, kufuneka kuphuculwe kwaye kwandiswe amandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain. Isigqibo sokonyusa ithagethi ehlaziyiweyo ye-27% yayisele ikho kwaye yacetyiswa yi-MEP, uJosé Blanco, kunye noMkomishinala waseYurophu Wezenzo Zemozulu Namandla, Miguel Arias Cañete. Ngombulelo kuxinzelelo lolu konyuka, kuye kwenzeka ukukonyusa ukusuka kuma-27% ukuya kuma-35% ngowama-2030.
IYurophu ifuna amandla ahlaziyekayo ngakumbi kwaye oku, amazwe angamalungu kufuneka agubungele ipesenti ekhulayo yemfuno iyonke kusetyenziswa imithombo yamandla ecocekileyo. Ukuze wandise imveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo, IYurophu ifuna amabhongo ngakumbi kunye neenjongo eziphezulu.
Kwelinye icala, into enceda ekunyuseni olu hlobo lwamandla kukuqiniswa kokuzisebenzisa. Ukuzisebenzisela kufuneka kumiselwe njengelungelo, elingenakho ukuxhomekeka kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwerhafu kumbane ovelisiweyo oshiyekileyo kwigridi. Kuya kufuneka ube nakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba utyalo-mali kumandla ahlaziyekayo luya kukhuseleka kwaye lunokubuyiselwa kwaye lubuyiselwe xa iiprojekthi zigqityiwe.
Ingxelo ibeka ekujoliswe kuko ubuncinci i-12% yemfuno yezothutho igutyungelwe ngamandla ahlaziyekayo ngo-2030 kwaye imisela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kokufudumeza nokupholisa kukonyusa amandla ahlaziyekayo ngamanqaku amabini ngonyaka. Ngamanye amagama, unyaka nonyaka isixa samandla esigutyungelwe ngamandla aluhlaza siyakonyuswa nge-2%.
"Ngezi njongo, asizukuqhubela phambili kuphela kutshintsho olubhekisele kuqoqosho lwe-decarbonised kodwa siza komeleza ukhuseleko lwethu lwamandla noqoqosho lwethu, sidale imisebenzi efanelekileyo", uqukumbele uJosé Blanco.
Inyaniso yahlukile
Olu konyuka kwithagethi yamandla ahlaziyekayo eSpain ayilunganga njengoko ibonakala injalo. Ngenxa yokuba bhetyebhetye kwe-10% ekhankanywe apha ngasentla ukuba amazwe angamalungu kufuneka azalisekise le njongo, oko kuthetha ukuba ISpain ine-31,5% kuphela endaweni ye-35%. Indlela ekunyanzelekileyo ngayo ukuba amazwe angamalungu anyanzeleke ukuba ahlangabezane nezi njongo kubalulekile kuphuhliso lwabo. Ukuba umda we-10% ushiywe, ngokucacileyo, akukho lizwe liya kuba nakho ukuwufezekisa.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ziithagethi ezibophelelayo abo baphumeleleyo eSpain amanye amanyathelo athatyathwa kumandla ahlaziyekayo. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amazwe ahlangabezane neenjongo zawo kwaye iSpain ingene kulawo mazwe.
Ilizwe lethu linokubakho okuphezulu kakhulu kwimithombo evuselelweyo kodwa ukanti sixhomekeke kumandla aphezulu. Ukuthomalalisa le ngxaki, iithagethi ezibophelelayo kufuneka zibekelwe i-Europe ukuze iphinde ibenendawo yobunkokeli kushishino oluhlaziyiweyo lwehlabathi.
Ukuzisebenzisa
Ingxelo inika ilungelo lokuzisebenzisa ngokwakho kubemi nakwabavelisi abancinci ukubeka iziseko ngokwenza lula zonke iinkqubo zolawulo lweeprojekthi ngaphantsi kwe megawatt enye yamandla. Ngale ndlela, kuyakubalula kubo bonke abavelisi abancinci, iinkampani ezincinci kunye neziphakathi kunye nabasebenzisi ukulawula amandla abo ngendlela enoxanduva nenkululeko enkulu yokuvelisa amandla abo.