Xa sithetha ngamandla elanga, into yokuqala esicinga ngayo ngamapaneli elanga. Yiyo leyo amandla e-photovoltaic elanga, mhlawumbi awona adumileyo kuwo onke amandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nomoya. Nangona kunjalo, kukho olunye uhlobo: amandla eshushu elanga.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi yonke into malunga nolu hlobo lwamandla elanga, ukusuka kwinto ekuyo ukuya ekusebenziseni anako, ngokweempawu zayo, qhubeka ufunda 🙂
Yintoni amandla elanga ashushu?
Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, luhlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwaye acocekileyo abandakanya ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukwenza umbane. Ngokungafaniyo neepaneli zelanga ezisetyenziselwa amandla ombane we-photovoltaic ukuvelisa umbane ukusuka kwiifoto zokukhanya ezifumaneka kwimitha yelanga, la mandla uthatha ithuba le radiation ukufudumeza ulwelo.
Xa imitha yelanga ihlasela ulwelo, iyalifudumeza kwaye olu lwelo lushushu lunokusetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukufumana umbono ongcono, I-20% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwesibhedlele, ihotele okanye ikhaya liyahambelana nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ashushu. Ngamandla obushushu elanga sinokuwafudumeza amanzi ngamandla elanga kwaye siwasebenzise ukuze, kweli candelo lamandla, akufuneki sisebenzise i-fossil okanye amanye amandla.
Ngokuqinisekileyo ucinga ukuba amanzi emilambo, amachibi kunye namadama abonakaliswe kwimitha yelanga kwaye, nangona kunjalo, awashushu. Kwaye ukusebenzisa eli radiation yelanga ukufakelwa okukhethekileyo kuyafuneka ukunceda ukufudumeza ulwelo ukuze lusetyenziswe kamva.
Amandla obushushu elanga anegalelo elibonakalayo ekunciphiseni iindleko, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwa amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 okubangela ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokudala utshintsho lwemozulu.
Izixhobo zofakelo olushushu
Nje ukuba sazi ukuba yintoni na amandla eshushu elanga, kufuneka sibe nezinto eziyimfuneko ekwakheni ukufakwa kwelanga okusivumela ukuba sisebenzise eli thuba lamandla.
Umbambisi
Into yokuqala ukuba ufakelo lolu hlobo kufuneka lube ngumqokeleli okanye iphaneli yelanga. Iphaneli yelanga ayisebenzi ngokufanayo ne-photovoltaic eyaziwayo. Ayinayo iseli ye-photovoltaic eqokelela iifoto zokukhanya ukuze ziziguqulele kumandla, kodwa endaweni yoko sivumele ukubamba imitha yelanga ukuqala ukufudumeza ulwelo Ukujikeleza ngaphakathi kwazo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabaqokeleli kunye nokwahluka kwintsebenzo yabo.
Isiphaluka seHydraulic
Okwesibini isekethe ye-hydraulic. Le yimibhobho eyenza isekethe apho siza kuthutha khona ulwelo lokuhambisa ubushushu oluya kukhathalela isenzo esiza kusenza. Isiphaluka sihlala sivaliwe kufakelo oluninzi. Ke ngoko, kuyathethwa indlela enye, ukusuka kwipaneli, kunye buyisela imijikelezo, Ukuya kwiqela lenjongo. Ingathi le sekethe luhlobo lokubilisa amanzi olunegalelo ekufudunyezweni kwendawo.
Ubushushu umzimba
Banoxanduva lokuhambisa ubushushu kwisekethe. Umtshintshi wobushushu udlulisela amandla afakwe lilanga emanzini. Zihlala zingaphandle kwitanki (ebizwa ngokuba ngabananisi bepleyiti) okanye ngaphakathi (coil).
Isixhobo sokwanda
Kuba imfuno yamandla elanga ayisoloko ifana, njengakwi-photovoltaics, ifuna njalo enye inkqubo yokugcina amandla. Kule meko, amandla elanga ashushu agcinwa kwii-accumulators. Esi sihlanganisi siyakwazi ukugcina amanzi ashushu ukuze afumaneke xa siwafuna. Ziitanki ezinesakhono kunye nokufakelwa okuyimfuneko ukuthintela ilahleko yamandla kunye nokugcina amanzi eshushu ngalo lonke ixesha.
Iimpompo zokujikeleza
Ukuhambisa ulwelo ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwelinye, iimpompo ziyafuneka ezisebenza ukoyisa uxinzelelo lweesekethe kunye namandla omlo kunye nomxhuzulane.
Amandla Auxiliary
Xa imitha yelanga ingaphantsi, ukuveliswa kwala mandla kuyehla. Kodwa ayisosizathu sokuba ibango lenze ngokunjalo. Ukujongana nolu hlobo lweemeko apho ibango lidlula ukubonelelwa, siya kufuna inkqubo yenkxaso etshisa amanzi kwaye kunjalo ezimeleyo ngokupheleleyo kumandla elanga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumvelisi okhuselekileyo.
Yibhoyila eqala ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko apho amandla obushushu elanga engathandeki kwaye etshisa amanzi agciniweyo.
Izinto ezifunekayo ukhuseleko
Kubalulekile ukuba nenkqubo yezokhuseleko yokuqinisekisa ukuba ufakelo lusebenza kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo kwaye alonakalisi ekuhambeni kwexesha. Izinto ezenza inkqubo yokhuseleko zezi:
Ukwandiswa kweenqanawa
Njengoko sisazi, njengoko amanzi enyusa iqondo lobushushu, nawo ke umthamo wawo uyenyuka. Ngesi sizathu, into iyimfuneko ekwaziyo ukufunxa oku kunyuka kwevolumu njengoko ulwelo lokuhambisa ubushushu lusanda. Iinqanawa zokwandisa zisetyenziselwa oku. Kukho iindidi ezininzi zeglasi: ezivulekileyo nezivalwayo. Ezona zisetyenzisiweyo zezi zivaliweyo.
Izivalo zokhuselo
Ivalves zisetyenziselwa ulawulo xi. Xa ixabiso loxinzelelo elibekiweyo kwinkqubo yokulinganisa ifikelelwe, ivelufa ikhupha ulwelo ukuthintela uxinzelelo ekufikeleleni kwimida enokuba yingozi.
UGlycol
I-Glycol lulwelo olulungileyo lokuhambisa ubushushu kufakelo lwelanga olushushu. Eyona nto icetyiswayo kukuba kunjalo ulwelo olunqanda ukubola, kuba kwiindawo apho ubushushu buphantsi kakhulu, ukubanda kwamanzi kwiisekethi kunokonakalisa lonke ufakelo. Ukongeza, ulwelo kufuneka lungabinetyhefu, lungabilisi, lungonakalisi, lube nobushushu obuphezulu, akufuneki lichithwe kwaye lube noqoqosho. Ngaphandle koko, amandla awayi kuba nangeniso.
Okulungileyo kufakelo lolu hlobo kukuba nepesenti ye-60% yamanzi kunye ne-40% yeglycol.
Ubushushu busika
Kuba kwizihlandlo ezininzi amanzi ashushu ngokugqithileyo, kubalulekile ukuba neheatsinks ezithintela oku kufudumeza kuyingozi. Kukho iiheatsinks ezimileyo, abalandeli, njl.
Imigibe
Imigibe iyakwazi ukukhupha umoya oqokelela ngaphakathi kwiisekethe kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu ekusebenzeni kofakelo. Enkosi kwezi purger lo moya unokukhutshwa.
Ulawulo oluzenzekelayo
Yinto eyenza ukuba yonke into isebenze ngokuchanekileyo, kuba icinga ulawulo oluzenzekelayo olulinganisa amaqondo obushushu kwiiphaneli, iitanki, inkqubo, ukusebenza kwesinki yobushushu bombane (ukuba le nkqubo ikhona), umdwelisi wenkqubo, ulawulo lwempompo, njl.
Ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga namandla eshushu elanga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.