Kukho uluntu oluninzi kunye nabantu emhlabeni jikelele abangenawo umbane. Ukucinga ngayo, sihlalutya oko kubandakanya: ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa iselfowuni, ukungabinayo i-intanethi, ukungabikho kwefriji, akukho microwave, ngaphandle kwesibane ebusuku, njl. Namhlanje akukho mntu ngaphandle kokukhanya, yiyo loo nto sizama ukuguqula umhlaba wokukhanya ngento entsha.
Esi sisiphumo esisisiphumo sendlela ezinzileyo kunye nehlaziyekayo ukuze sibe nokukhanya kwimimandla yemveli yaseLatin America: izityalo
Ukufumana njani ukukhanya kwizityalo
Ukuyilwa kuthiwa "Iplampampu". Ke, njengoko kukhankanyiwe, sisixhobo, ngenxa yenkqubo yefotosinthesis yesityalo, evelisa umbane ukubonelela ngamandla kwisibane se-lumen se-300, Ukukhanya okulingana nebhalbhu ye-watt ezingama-50.
Ingxaki ilele eNuevo Saposoa, apho kuhlala khona isizwe saseShipibo Conibo. Liqela leentsapho ezidibeneyo li-137 kubo elinabantu abamalunga nama-37. Ukuze ufikelele kumakhaya eli qela labantu bomthonyama, kufuneka uhambe kwimilambo yommandla kangangeeyure ezintlanu. Kude kube yiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, olu luntu lwaluneziseko ezibabonelela ngombane, kodwa inkanyamba yatshabalalisa onke amaziko kwaye ukusukela ngoko bahlala ebumnyameni.
Ukunciphisa le meko, iqela lophando elivela iYunivesithi yobunjineli kunye neTekhnoloji ye-UTEC yaseLima, ikomkhulu lasePeruvia, lenze uphando ngomgangatho womhlaba kunye namanzi ukuze ikwazi ukuhlalutya uhlaza lwendawo leyo kunye nokwenza isixhobo ekuthiwa yi "plantalámpara".
Ngapha koko, sinokuthi sisixhobo esisebenzisa ifotosinthesisi kwizityalo ukuvelisa amandla. Amandla avelisiweyo anokubonelela ngombane isibane se-lumen se-300, isibane esilingana nesibhalbhu se-watt ezingama-50, kwaye iiyure ezimbini zisetyenziselwa ukukhanya kwigumbi eliphakathi, kwaye ngumahluko ukuba umntwana angafunda okanye hayi, okanye nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba apheke kamnandi xa liyatshona ilanga.
Ukusebenza kwesibane sokutyala
Olu lwakhiwo lutsha lubonakala ngathi luyinguqu kwaye luyamangalisa. Masibone ukuba isebenza njani:
Isityalo esiya kuba sesona sivelisa amandla sinokuba sisifo sephepha (njengeetapile) kuba sivelisa inani elikhulu lezondlo. Esi sityalo sibekwe kwibhokisi eyenziwe ngomthi ene-electrode grid. Okoko emhlabeni kukho geobacteria (Intsholongwane engadingi oksijini kwaye itya izondlo ezikhutshwa zizityalo ezingcanjini zazo). Xa ezi bhakteria zondla, zivelisa ii-elektronon ezibanjwa zii-electrode zebhokisi. Ukusuka kwii-electrode amandla avelisiweyo aya kwibhetri, ethi iintlawulo emini Ngale nkqubo yenkqubo yefotosinthesisi, ethi ke yona inike umbane wesibane se-LED.
Le ndlela yokufumana amandla isekwe Umthombo ohlaziyiweyo kunye nosebenzayo. Izinto eziluncedo ezibonelelweyo kukuba kuthintela uluntu ekubeni lutshise i-biomass ebangqongileyo okanye lisebenzise izibane zeparafini ukuze zibe nokukhanya okungekuko. Ezi zibane zibangela iingxaki zokuphefumla kwaye azikho mpilweni.
Ukuyisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo i-photosynthesis kunye nokuvelisa umbane, into ekuthiwa yi Utyalo-e. Imalunga nophuhliso lwezixhobo ukuze, kwixesha eliphakathi. Naluphi na uluntu lunokuba nombane ukuba lunezityalo ezaneleyo nombane ukuze lukwazi ukuvelisa umbane.
Le nkqubo ye-Plant-e isekwe kumabhakethi apho izityalo zikumphezulu onamanzi amaninzi. Oku kubangela ukuba izinto ezi-organic ezigqithileyo kwisityalo zigxothwe emhlabeni, apho i-geobacteria ikhupha ii-elektroni ezibanjwe zii-electrode kwaye zigcinwe kwibhetri.
Njengoko sele ubonile, umntu unezixhobo ezaneleyo zokukhanyisa uluntu lwasekuhlaleni kude nempucuko, kufuneka siphucule ukusebenza ngokukuko kwaye sifunde ukulawula ngcono izixhobo zethu.