Pakati pezvakasiyana mhando dzesango zviripo isu tine iyo musango wakasanganiswa. Ndiyo iyo inosanganisira mhando dzean angososperms uye gymnosperms. Masango akasanganiswa ari munzvimbo yekuchamhembe kwakadziva pamuganhu wei taiga. Kazhinji mamiriro ekunze akakurisa ane hunyoro. Masango aya akakosha zvikuru kana toreva nezvekugamuchira mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana.
Muchikamu chino tiri kuzokuudza nezvehunhu uye nemhando dzakasiyana dzesango rakasanganiswa riripo.
Mhando huru
Sango rakasanganiswa rinoumbwa neimwe strata iyo yatinowana iyo canopy uye understory. Iyo yepasi inowanzo kuve nehuswa, shrub, ferns, uye mosses. Izvi zvinomera zvakafanana hukuru hunhu hukuru hwavo hudiki uye kuti ivo vari muchikamu chepasi chenzvimbo. Ivhu remasango aya rine kubereka kwakanaka kwazvo sezvo rakazara muzvinhu zvakasikwa uye riine hunyoro chengetedzo.
Mumasango aya tine miti yakasarudzika inodurura mashizha ayo pagore kudzikamisa metabolism yavo. Aya mashizha anowira pasi anonzi marara uye anobatsira kuisa ivhu muvhu. Tsvina iyi inowira pasi inova chinhu chakasikwa uye inokwanisa kuchengetedza mwando uchifarira kukura kwemiti yakawanda nezvipenyu. Hatigone kuwana vanokwira uye maepiphyte kunyangwe mumasango akasanganiswa eCentral America.
Kunyangwe iyo sango rakasanganiswa rinoenderana nerudzi rweakasarudzika, kune mhando dzakasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze uye mhando yemaruva nemhuka zvirimo. Kune masango akasanganiswa e Shanduko pakati peiyo iri sango rakadzikama risinganetsi uye taiga. Matunhu aya ari kumatunhu ekuchamhembe kwenyika yekuchamhembe
Semuenzaniso, isu tinowana masango akasanganiswa muAsia ayo ari akasiyana pakati pemasango emonon uye taiga. MuMediterranean Basin tinowana masango akavhenganiswa ane chekuita nenguva yakaoma yezhizha, nepo muMexico neCentral America ine akasiyana maruva marongero nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze.
Gymnosperms yemhuri dzePinaceae neCupressaceae dzinowanikwa mumasango iwayo ekuchamhembe kwenyika. Kune rimwe divi, munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kwenyika mhuri dzeAraucariaceae nePodocarpaceae dzinonyanya. Angiosperms akajairika mumasango aya avo vari vemhuri yeFagaceae uko isu tine Quercus genus. Mukati meiyi genus isu tine miouki, holm miouki uye cork oak.
Zvinhu uye zvinhu zvemusango wakasanganiswa
Masango aya anokura munzvimbo dzakadzikama, angave ari egungwa, Mediterranean kana mamiriro ekunze emakondinendi. Pano ndipo pane mhuka dzakasiyana dzinosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yatiri.
Mune mamwe matunhu ekuchamhembe enzvimbo yekuchamhembe kune mhuka dzekufananidzira dzakaita sebere, mhumhi negondo. Idzi mhuka dzinonyanya mune masango aya sezvo paine mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza anofarira kukura kwavo chaiko. Masango mazhinji akasanganiswa vakarwiswa nekutema matanda kwevanhu. Kune nzvimbo zhinji dzakatsaurirwa kurima uye kuberekesa zvipfuyo. Yakave yakatsaurirwa kumatanda ekutengesa kunze kwehuni uye nezvimwe zvakasikwa zvinhu. Kana zviri zvekuberekesa, kunyanya danga remombe rinotarisana nemombe, nguruve nembudzi.
Kune rimwe divi, isu tine nzvimbo dzakakosha dzesango rakasanganiswa rakachengetedzwa pasi pechimiro chemapaki emunyika kana nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza zvisikwa. Neiyi nzira, zvinokwanisika kuchengetedza iyo ecosystem uye iyo ecological muyero uku uchizadzikisa inoenderana hupfumi chiitiko chekushanya. Semuenzaniso wesango rakasanganiswa, isu tine Central American pini uye oak musango, iyo inokanganiswa zvakanyanya neanopisa maruva. Iyo Mediterranean coniferous uye holm oak musango muenzaniso wesango rakaoma rezhizha. Izvi imhaka yekuti vane shanduko yekushanduka kushayikwa kwemvura munguva yezhizha.
Maumbirwo uye ivhu
Sango rakasanganiswa rine chimiro chinoreva izvo zviripo biotypes uye yavo yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka kugovera. Canopy ndiyo yepamusoro yepamusoro iyo inoumbwa nemiti yemiti, ichive chikamu chepamusoro. Pano panonzi panobuda miti inonzi inomuka, inova ndiyo inobudikira pamusoro pedenga.
Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze enharaunda yega yega yekumabvazuva canopy inogona kusvika pakakwirira pakati pe25 kusvika 45 metres. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakaderera sezvazviri mumakomo ePyrenean. Ivhu racho rakatogadzirwa uye riine zvakawanda zvehupenyu sezvo ivo vachisanganisa marara emiti yakashata. Izvi zvinoita kuti iorere zvakanyanya uye kune yakanaka bioavailability yemvura.
Yakasanganiswa mhando dzesango
Sezvo aya masango anomiririra kuumbwa kunoenderana nekushandurwa kwemasango eeconiferous uye angiosperm, kune mhando dzakasiyana.
- Shanduko neiyo taiga: Ivo vanowanikwa kuchamhembe kweEurope, Canada, uye United States. Seizvo zita rayo rinoratidzira, zvinoitika mukuchinja kubva ku taiga kuenda kumasango akadzikama anoenderera mberi kumaodzanyemba.
- Shanduko neiyo taiga uye monsoon sango: Izvo zvinoitika muAsia uye pano chimiro chesango chakanyanya kuomarara. Iko kuomarara kwakaratidzwa kupihwa hupo hweiyo liana zvirimwa zvine akati wandei matanda emiti.
- Masango anonaya ane mwando: ndeaaya ane hunyoro hwakanyanya uye anowanikwa kunyanya kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweNorth American Pacific mhenderekedzo nematanho eAndean ekumaodzanyemba kweChile. Pano tinowana maumbirwo emiti ine kunaya kwakanyanya kunosvika mazana maviri nemazana mashanu emamiriyoni pagore, inosvika kusvika kumazana masere nemazana mashanu emamiriyoni pagore.
- Shanduko sango, Central America mapini: ndeavo vane hukama pakati pesango rakasvibira rinogara riine girini nemashizha akapamhamha uye nesango remipaini reCentral America. Pano zvinomera zvemhuri yePinaceae zvinomira.
- Yakasanganiswa shanduko sango neAraucarias uye Podocarpaceae: Isango rakasanganiswa iro riri kumaodzanyemba kwekoni yeAmerica. Inowanikwawo muNew Zealand kusvika padiki padiki. Maruva aro ane hunhu hunhu hwesango rinogara richinaya uye masango eeconiferous enharaunda yacho. Zvirimwa zvemhuri dzeAraucariaceae nePodocarpaceae zvinomira.
- Sango reMediterranean rakasanganiswa: Miti iyi ine hunhu hukuru hwekuti inoenderana nekusanaya kwakanyanya kwezhizha. Izvo zvinoumbwa neakasarudzika angiosperm marudzi uye anowanikwa zvese muEurope uye Middle East. Musiyano nemasango akasanganiswa pachawo ndeekuti ekare ane mwaka wezhizha unonaya.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve musango wakasanganiswa.