Cishe uwuzwile kaninginingi umqondo wezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu abaningi abangacaci yini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nokuthi kubaluleke ngani. Futhi ukuthi lo mqondo uhlanganisa indlela izinto eziphilayo eziguquka ngayo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma sikhuluma ngokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo sikhombisa ubuningi, ukwehluka nokwehluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Kule ndatshana sizokukhombisa ukuthi iyini imvelo ehlukahlukene, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Kuyini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo
Impela ngencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo udidekile. Futhi ukuhlukahluka akufani nokuhlukahluka. Izinhlobonhlobo zingachazwa njengezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezikhona zezinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ukwehluka yilokho lezi zinto eziphilayo ezingakushintsha noma kuthinte ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezisemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umqondo esiwukhomba nawo ifaka phakathi konke okungashintshwa yizinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangezindawo.
Ngaphakathi kokuhlukahluka sithola ezinye izinkomba ezifana nenani lezinto eziphilayo ezikhona endaweni enikeziwe kanye nomthelela wazo kuyo yonke imvelo. Lapho kwenziwa isampula kunoma iyiphi indawo, kwenziwa umzamo wokuhlaziya inani lezinto eziphilayo ezikhona kule ndawo ethile. Kodwa-ke, ukwehluka futhi kuzama ukuhlaziya nokulingana okukhona phakathi kohlobo ngalunye. Lokhu, izinga lokulingana nokuchichima kwesihlobo okukhona phakathi kwezinhlobo ezihlala ku-ecosystem enikeziwe.
Le yindlela esihlukanisa ngayo imiqondo yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nokuhlukahluka ngokwehlukana. I-Biodiversity ihlaziya kuphela inani lezinhlobo eziphelele endaweni kanye nokuziphendukela kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kokusebenzisana nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo kanye nama-abiotic agents.
Ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zitholakala kuyo yonke indawo kuzo zombili izindawo eziphila emanzini nasemhlabeni. Kukhona nasezimisweni zezinto eziphilayo zasemoyeni. Kubandakanya zonke izinto eziphilayo kusuka kumagciwane amancane kakhulu kuya ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Yize kunezinhlu ezinkulu zezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, azikapheleli njengoba kukhona ububanzi nokusatshalaliswa okukhulu kwazo zonke izingxenye zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuze kwenziwe i-quantification, kulinganiswa inani lokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo eziphilayo. Lezi zinombolo zisuselwa ku- ulwazi esinalo mayelana nokuvela kwezinto eziphilayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba sazi, abantu banemithelela emibi eyahlukahlukene kokuphilayo komhlaba nasemanzini. Lapha kufanele sicabangele umqondo obalulekile futhi yilowo wezinsizakalo zemvelo noma izinsizakalo zemvelo. Lezi zinsizakalo ze-ecosystem yilezo zinzuzo abantu abangazithola kulezi zinhlelo zemvelo. Isibonelo, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwalezi zinhlelo zemvelo, izinsizakalo eziningi ezihlinzekwayo.
Ezinye izibonelo zezinsizakalo zemvelo yilezi: Ukumunca i-CO2 emkhathini ngezitshalo, umjikelezo wezakhi, umjikelezo wamanzi, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, ukumelana nezinhlobo ezingafuneki, impova yezitshalo, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu, ukulawula izinambuzane nokungcola, phakathi kokunye. Kumele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi hhayi kuphela izinsizakalo ze-ecosystem ezibalulekile ku-ecosystem uqobo, kepha futhi nasesibalweni sezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhona nenala yazo. Lezi zinkomba zihlaziywa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukukhathazeka ngokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Kuze kube manje, enye yezinkinga zemvelo emhlabeni wonke ukulahleka kwemvelo. Kunabantu abaningi abazibuza ukuthi kungani kuyinto ekhathazayo. Futhi ngukuthi ukwehlukahlukana kusinikeza ngezinzuzo eziningi eziyisisekelo empilweni yomuntu. Okuwusizo kakhulu »okuhlinzekwa ngezinto zokusetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, ukulahleka kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kuneminye imiphumela emibi enhlalakahleni yabantu. Ezinye zazo zingokulandelayo:
- Kwehliswe ukuphepha kokudla
- Ukuba sengozini yezinhlekelele zemvelo
- Ukuphepha kwamandla
- Ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile naphuzwayo
- Ukufinyelela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa
- Ukuthinta impilo yendoda
- Izinkinga ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo
- Inkululeko yokuzikhethela
Yize singaqapheli, umphakathi wanamuhla unezinhloso eziningi eziphikisanayo, phakathi kwazo sithola iningi lazo lithembele enhlobonhlobo yezinto eziphilayo. Njalo lapho umuntu eguqula i-ecosystem ukwenza ngcono izinsizakalo ezihlinzekayo, isenzo sakhe kanye nokuxhumana kwakhe kuvame ukuba nezici ezingezinhle kwezinye izinsizakalo zemvelo efanayo. Isibonelo salokhu ukuthi izinyathelo zokwengeza ukukhiqizwa kokudla zivame ukuholela ekutholakaleni okuncane kwamanzi kokunye ukusetshenziswa.
Njengomphumela wesenzo somuntu sokwenza ngcono ezinye izinsiza, ezinye ziye zonakaliswa. Sibona isibonelo sokudoba, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi nokuvikelwa kwezinye izinhlekelele zemvelo. Zonke lezi zinkinga ezingezinhle zizoba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene yesikhathi eside lapho ulahlekelwa yilezi zinsizakalo ngenzuzo yesikhashana. Ngokungafani nemikhiqizo esiyithengayo nesiyithengisayo ezimakethe, izinsizakalo eziningi zemvelo azikwazi ukuthengiswa. Isibonelo, ukuthathwa kwesikhutha yizitshalo ngesikhathi senqubo ye-photosynthesis akuzi ngentengo elula ukusetha. Kodwa-ke, kudingekile impela ngoba kukhona amagesi amaningi andayo anamandla okugcina ukushisa abangela izinkinga zemvelo emhlabeni wonke njengokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Ithrendi yamanje
Uma sihlaziya ukuthambekela kwamanje, cishe yonke imvelo emhlabeni yenze uguquko ngenxa yesandla somuntu. Zimbalwa kakhulu izinto eziphilayo ezihlanzekile ngokuphelele futhi ziyaqhubeka nokuguqulwa ngokuqhubekayo ngokusetshenziswa kwezolimo, phakathi kokunye.
Ukulahleka kwamanje kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ikhula ngesivinini esikhulu ngenxa yenguquko nezinguquko ezisuselwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlelo zezinto eziphilayo ngabantu. Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kuyingxenye yenkambo yemvelo emlandweni weplanethi yethu. Kepha umsebenzi womuntu usheshiswa okungenani izikhathi eziphindwe ka-100 kunokujwayelekile. Uma ijubane liqhubeka kanjena, sibhekene nokuqothulwa kwesithupha komhlaba jikelele.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungazi ukuthi yini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nokuthi kubaluleke kangakanani.