Ukwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali “kubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza” kubonakala ezihlokweni eziningi zamaphephandaba. Lokhu kukhula okusheshayo kuhlanganisa ukuvela kwamanye amafutha, ikakhulukazi amabhethri kagesi ne-hydrogen, okuzoguqula imboni yezokuthutha. Lezi ntuthuko ziza nesethi yazo yezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Kulokhu, sizokhuluma ngakho yacht eluhlaza okotshani ye-hydrogen.
Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nesibonakaliso sokunethezeka kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza, izici zayo, izinzuzo nokunye okuningi.
Ibhalansi yemvelo yemikhumbi
Cishe U-2,5% wokukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya emhlabeni, okulingana namathani acishe abe yibhiliyoni ye-CO2 ngonyaka, kuthiwa kungenxa yezokuthutha zasolwandle., ngokusho kwe-International Maritime Organisation (IMO).
Ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi yemvelo esimeme, izikebhe zokuzijabulisa, izikebhe kanye nezokuthutha zasolwandle kufanele zithathe inkambiso eluhlaza, njengoba kugqanyiswe esihlokweni esihlaziya izinzuzo zokushintshela kumandla avuselelekayo emikhumbi.
Iphrojekthi ye-Aqua isebenza njengesibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuthi izinzuzo zamanye amandla zingenziwa kanjani emkhakheni wokuzulazula. ISinot, inkampani yamaDashi, uklame ngobuhlakani “i-superyacht” ewubukhazikhazi ehlose ukunikeza okokuzizwisa okujabulisayo. Kodwa-ke, kunomunye umehluko obalulekile ohlukanisa lo mkhumbi: uzonikezwa amandla amandla e-hydrogen.
Yini i-hydrogen eluhlaza
I-hydrogen eluhlaza yigama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza i-hydrogen ekhiqizwa emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo, njengelanga noma umoya. Ngokungafani ne-hydrogen evamile, okuyinto Itholakala kakhulu ngezinqubo ezikhiqiza ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, i-hydrogen eluhlaza ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezingakhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrolyzer, amathuluzi ahlukanisa amanzi abe umoya-mpilo ne-hydrogen ngokusebenzisa ugesi. Lo gesi ngokuvamile uvela emithonjeni evuselelekayo, okwenza inqubo ibe enye indlela ehlanzekile futhi esimeme.
Lo mthombo wamandla unawo amandla okudlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheleni emnothweni ohlanzekile futhi ongancikile kakhulu kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokugcina nokuthutha amandla, kanye nasezinhlelweni zezimboni kanye nasekukhiqizeni ugesi ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuqondile.
I-yacht kanokusho inikwa amandla yi-hydrogen eluhlaza
I-Sinot, inkampani ethenjwayo, yabelwe iphrojekthi ye-Aqua yacht. Isanda kwethulwa embukisweni wezikebhe waseMonaco, le yacht ephambili ewubukhazikhazi izoba eyokuqala yohlobo lwayo, enobude obumangalisayo obungamamitha angu-112 futhi inikwa amandla yi-hydrogen. Izibalo zephrojekthi ziyamangalisa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ngeke kube nje kuphela Indawo yokuhlala ebanzi yezivakashi eziyi-14 nabasebenzi abangama-31 kuzo zonke izitezi ezinhlanu, kodwa izophinde ibonise idizayini yekusasa, ukunethezeka okuchichimayo kanye nentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu kwezobuchwepheshe.
Kodwa-ke, inani layo, izitolo eziningi zezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe ezilinganisela kulo inani elimangalisayo lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-600, ikwenza kucace ukuthi lo mkhumbi awuhloselwe isakhamuzi esivamile. I-Feadship, inkampani yemikhumbi yase-Dutch enesibopho sokwakhiwa kwayo, inomsebenzi onzima oyilindele. I-Aqua izoba namathangi amabili avaliwe angamathani angama-28, kubanda ezingeni lokushisa elingu-253ºC, egcwele i-hydrogen ewuketshezi ukuze uqhubekisele phambili umkhumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izofakelwa izinjini zikagesi ezimbili ezingu-1 MW kanye nama-thruster amabili angu-300 kW ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba kahle.
Ngokusho kwenkampani yemikhumbi ye-Feadship, uhlelo lwayo luhlinzeka ngesivinini esiphezulu samafindo angu-17 (31,4 km/h), isivinini sokuhamba esiphakathi kwamafindo ayishumi nayishumi nambili kanye nebanga elilinganiselwe lamamayela angu-3.750 nautical (cishe amakhilomitha angu-6.945). Lokhu kuzimela kungaphezu kokwanele ohambweni lwe-transatlantic nohambo phakathi kwe-New York ne-United Kingdom.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-yacht okunethezeka nge-hydrogen eluhlaza
Izithombe ezihlinzekiwe zibonisa ngokusobala ukuthi ukuqamba kanye nomklamo kudlulela ngalé kwezingxenye zemishini zesikebhe. Isikebhe sakhiwe ngobunono ukuze sinikeze abagibeli ukuxhumana okungenakuqhathaniswa namanzi, Igqugquzelwe ukunyakaza okuhle kwamagagasi olwandle. Umzimba wayo unomklamo oqoshiwe, ohlotshiswe ngamafasitela amakhulu engilazi athuthukisa ngokwengeziwe umuzwa wokucwiliswa.
Abagibeli bomkhumbi bangajabulela isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele sokufinyelela olwandle ezingeni lolwandle ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwamapulatifomu e-cascading ku-aft deck, ehambisana namachibi angenalutho kanye nendawo yokubhukuda ekhethiwe.
Ingxenye yomnsalo yesakhiwo izoba negumbi elikhulu elibanzi, elinikeza ukubuka okuvundlile okunwetshiwe ngamafasitela alo anomusa. Le ndawo izophinde ibe negumbi lokugezela elakhiwe kahle, igumbi lokugqoka kanye ne-spa yangasese.
Ngomklamo nokuhlobisa okuncane, ingaphakathi lalesi sakhiwo esihle lizoba nakho konke ukunethezeka okunethezeka okubalulekile, okuhlanganisa indawo yokuzivocavoca, igumbi le-whirlpool, istudiyo se-yoga, itiyetha yama-movie kanye nendawo yokudlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izofaka i-heliport ukuze ufinyeleleke kalula. Ngenxa yobubanzi bayo, ingakwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abayishumi nane.
Ngenkathi sixoxa ngomqondo "womkhumbi oluhlaza", kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izohlonywa injini ye-diesel eyisipele ngenxa yokutholakala okulinganiselwe kweziteshi zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen emhlabeni jikelele.
Noma ngabe le phrojekthi iyisu lokumaketha lamabomu ukuqwashisa mayelana namandla avuselelekayo, ukutshalwa kwezimali ekugcineni kugqamisa intshisekelo yangempela kwezinye izinhlobo zokubasa kanye nomdlandla wemboni ye-yacht yobuchwepheshe bobungani bemvelo.
Ngokuphathelene nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, lokhu kungaba yithuba elihle lokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emikhunjini. Nakuba isivinini esiphezulu ngokuvamile singesikhulu kakhulu, kamuva, amamodeli asebenza kahle kakhulu azofika avumela isivinini esiphezulu.
Njengoba ubona, inguquko ebheke emandleni avuselelekayo isuka emandleni iye emandleni ngokuya ngenguquko yezobuchwepheshe. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-yacht yokunethezeka ene-hydrogen eluhlaza, izici zayo, izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo.