Impela wake wezwa ngobukhona bomkhiqizo -ngenzeka. Imvamisa kuhlobene nokunciphisa umthelela kwezemvelo wokungcola, imfucuza kanye nokonakala kwezitshalo nezilwane. Ngakho-ke, namhlanje sizongena ngokujulile ngalesi sihloko futhi siphawule ngezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zemikhiqizo ebolayo.
Ngabe uyafuna ukwazi ukuthi ziyini nokuthi zibaluleke kangakanani esimweni esihle sokongiwa kwemvelo? Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokutshela konke, qhubeka ufunda.
Uyini umkhiqizo onwabile
Kufanele sazi kahle ukuthi lo mqondo usho ukuthini uma sifuna ukwazi ukuthi unamthelela muni emvelweni nokuthi singasikhuthaza kanjani lesi sigaba semikhiqizo. Kungumkhiqizo owenziwe ngezinto ukuthi ziyakwazi ukubola yizinto eziphilayo ezinjengebhaktheriya, isikhunta kanye nolwelwe. Le mikhiqizo ilulaza endaweni ekahle yokukhanya, umswakama, umoya-mpilo namazinga okushisa adingekayo. Ukwenziwa lula kwamakhemikhali nokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali kwamakhemikhali kube nomphumela futhi yile ndlela i-carbon equkethe ngayo yenziwe ngamaminerali ngendlela ye-CO2.
Ngendlela elula yokubala, kungashiwo ukuthi noma imuphi umkhiqizo olahlwe ngokwemvelo uzozilimaza ngokwawo. Yize bethatha isikhathi esiningi noma esincane ukwehlisa isithunzi, yonke imikhiqizo igcina ngokwenza kanjalo. Ngokwesibonelo, iplastiki ingenye yemikhiqizo enezinga lokucekelwa phansi okuphansi kakhulu. Uma uphonsa isikhwama sepulasitiki kunoma iyiphi indawo yemvelo, kuzofanela ulinde izinkulungwane zeminyaka ukuthi yehle ngokuphelele. Ake ucabange-ke ngomonakalo omkhulu owenziwa ukukhishwa kwesikhwama sepulasitiki esingalawulwa.
Ukwephuka okuvame kakhulu kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomkhiqizo ngamagciwane. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zebhaktheriya ezinesilinganiso esiphakeme sokuhlanganiswa kwezakhamzimba okuholela ekuhlukanisweni kwemvelo komkhiqizo. Lo mqondo we-biodegradability usetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni we-ecology kanye nokuvuselelwa kabusha ukuze wazi isikhathi sokwehliswa ngakunye.
Le yindlela ephathwa ngayo ingxenye enkulu yemfucuza ephilayo. Isibonelo, uma sinomqulu wephepha noma isikhwama sepulasitiki, singaqhathanisa ukonakala kwaso bese sibona ukuthi iphepha emasontweni ambalwa selivele lonakele ngenkathi isikhwama sepulasitiki sithatha izinkulungwane zeminyaka.
Ukusheshisa kwe-biodegradation
Ngokwezezimboni, ukwehlukaniswa kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza amandla. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi into ngayinye ithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubola njengoba ingasebenza njengomkhiqizo omusha. Into yokuqala ukwazi ukubaphatha ngokukhiqiza umquba. Kunokugcwala okuningi okuningi okuphezulu futhi zonke izingxenyana zezinto eziphilayo ezihlukaniswe kahle ezingasebenza njengomquba zingasiza ekwehliseni umthamo wemfucuza odoti, ngaphezu kokusiza ezolimo.
Ngenxa yezakhi ezihlanganisiwe zezindlu ezinjengezinsalela zokudla, ukuthena ingadi, njll. Umquba ungenziwa ngenqubo yokuguqulwa kwemvelo. Lo manyolo ungowekhwalithi ephezulu futhi unenani elifanele lamaminerali ukuze inhlabathi ikwazi ukuvundiswa kakhulu ikhiqize kangcono.
Le ngenye yezindlela ukuthi imikhiqizo ebolayo ingasetshenziswa futhi ifakwe kabusha kumjikelezo wempilo yemikhiqizo. Ngenxa yomsebenzi we-photosynthetic wezitshalo ne-algae nelanga, i-carbon dioxide ekhona emoyeni isuswa kancane kancane ukuze kuhlanganiswe ushukela nezinye izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukukhula.
Lapho umzimba ufa, ama-microorganisms akhona kuyo yonke imvelo adla okokusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo futhi ngenqubo ye-biodegradation adedela amanzi ne-carbon dioxide emkhathini.
Uma sifuna ukusheshisa inqubo yokonakaliswa, kufanele sazi kahle amabhaktheriya asebenzayo kanye nemvelo engenzeka kakhulu esimweni ngasinye ukuze i-biodegradation yenzeke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfucuza ngayinye ephilayo inesikhathi esiyidingayo ukwehlisa isithunzi ngokuphelele. Ezindaweni ezibandayo nezomile izinqubo zokwehliswa kwesithunzi zihamba kancane. Okufanelekile ukugxila konke okubolayo endaweni efudumele nenomswakama. Ama-biodigesters avela kulo mbono.
Izinzuzo nobubi bezinto ezibolayo
Izinto zokwakha ezibolayo zingaba nenzuzo enkulu ekunciphiseni imithelela yokungcola komuntu emvelweni. Sizokhomba ezinye zezinzuzo eziphambili.
- Yimikhiqizo esetshenziswa ngokushesha. Njengoba ibolazeka kalula, imvelo uqobo ilulaza ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, imifula noma i-landfill. Le yindlela esivimba ngayo ukuthi udoti ungaminyana futhi udale imithelela.
- Nciphisa ukukhishwa kwesikhutha. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-bioplastics, kukhishwa amagesi afana ne-CO2, kepha mancane uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo yokukhiqiza yamapulasitiki ajwayelekile.
- Basebenzisa amandla amancane. Njengoba zenziwe ngezinto ezibolayo, zidinga amandla amancane futhi azidingi okubaswayo ukukhiqiza. Ngokudinga amandla amancane nezinto zokwakha ekukhiqizeni kwabo, zingakhiqizwa ngezinga elikhudlwana.
- Futhi ziyakwazi ukusetshenziswa kabusha (bheka Kabusha izimpawu). Njengamapulasitiki ajwayelekile, lawa angavuselelwa kabusha ukubuyisela imikhiqizo kumjikelezo wempilo owusizo. Aqukethe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwamakhemikhali, ubuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zepulasitiki.
- Isidingo somquba. Kwezolimo kunesidingo esikhulu somquba njengomanyolo. Lo manyolo awungcolisi inhlabathi njengamanye umanyolo we-nitrogen noma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Phakathi kokubi esikutholayo sinezinkinga abangaba nazo kwezobunjiniyela kanye nengozi engaba khona yokungcola ngenxa yokwehlukaniswa kwemfucuza kabi. Uma ama-bioplastics ehlukaniswa namanye amaplastiki ajwayelekile angaxubana angabe esasiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazongcolisa ngokweqile. Futhi kunabantu abaningi abangazi ukuthi bangahlukanisa kanjani kahle phakathi kwe-bioplastics kanye nama-plastiki ajwayelekile.
Ukulimazeka kukadoti ongonakaliseki
Sishilo izinzuzo zokubola. Manje sizophawula ngomonakalo odalwe yilabo abangalulazi imvelo. Amapulasitiki yimikhiqizo emidala kakhulu futhi egcwele kakhulu emhlabeni. Amapulasitiki atholakele emanzini emhlabeni jikelele. Izinhlayiya zayo ziyahlakazeka zize zibe yingxenye yohlu lwethu lokudla.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, yini ebolayo ngokubolayo edingekayo ukuyithuthukisa uma sifuna ukwenza ngcono imvelo kanye nempilo yethu.
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