Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwesinambuzane esithathwa njengesinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu kwezinye izinambuzane ezifuthayo. Imayelana ne- Umnyovu wase-asian. Igama layo lesayensi ngu UVespa vetulina futhi inomsuka wayo e-Asia. Ingatholakala nakwezinye izindawo ezifana ne-Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, neVietnam. Inezici ezikhethekile ezikwenza kube yinto yokufunda nokucwaninga ngoba ingaba yisinambuzane esiyingozi kakhulu.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngomnyovu wase-Asia kanye nomonakalo okudala kwezinye izinhlobo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Impumelelo yokwanda nokwanda kwalesi sinambuzane endaweni yase-Europe kungenxa yezici ezithile njengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Njengoba amazinga okushisa nemvula efanele lezi zinambuzane ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kunemithombo engapheli yokudla kwazo etholakalayo. Lokhu kudla ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe ezinyosini zezinhlobo I-Apis mellifera. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kufanele kungezwe ngokungabi khona kwezilwane ezidlayo kanye nezimbangi eziqondile zezinsizakusebenza, okusho ukuthi zingakhula ngaphandle kokucishwa.
Usayizi walezi zimpondo uvame ukuba phakathi kuka-17 no-32 mm. Zingahlukaniswa kalula ngenxa yokuthi zinesifuba esikhulu impela nesisu esimnyama nolayini ophuzi. Imilenze yazo inombala onsundu onsundu futhi ekugcineni unemibala ephuzi ebonakalayo. AmaFairies anombala omnyama ongahlukaniseki nokuthi unombala onsundu noma omnyama.
Njengoba lezi zimfanelo ezibonakalise kakhulu kunamaphethelo ajwayelekile, bezinganakekelwa. Kodwa-ke, kungabonakala ukuthi banosayizi omkhulu nolaka ekuziphatheni kwabo. Kuya ngokuthi iphakelwa kanjani, izinga lokushisa nendawo lapho ikhona, ubukhulu buyahluka kakhulu. Hhayi ngakho, Kubhekwa njengenye yeminyovu emikhulu kakhulu ekhona.
Umehluko omkhulu nezinye izinhlobo zeminyovu usele ngosayizi nolaka lwabo.
Umjikelezo Wempilo We-Wasp wase-Asia
Lokhu kuhlakanipha kuqala umjikelezo wakhe lapho izindlovukazi zivuthwa ngabesilisa ngenkathi yokuwa. Imvamisa iphuma entwasahlobo ezindaweni lapho isivele idlulile ebusika futhi awekho amathuba okubandayo okusha. Indawo ehlala kuyo incishiselwa emigodini yeziqu zezihlahla, izihlahla ze-beech nangemuva kwamaphansi nazo zonke lezo zindawo lapho ingacasha khona futhi izivikele ebusika. Bayoqala ukuqala kwabo esidlekeni. Indlovukazi ngayinye inesibopho sokwakha isidleke esisha, ngaphezu kwesidleke sonyaka odlule. Abalokothi basebenzise okufanayo okunamathiselwe kabili.
Umsebenzi wezindlovukazi eziphethe ukusungula isidleke esisha kuzoya ngezinga lokushisa nenala yokudla. Into ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ukuthi le miphetho iqala umsebenzi wayo ngenyanga kaFebhuwari. Ukuqala kokucubungula uketshezi kungafika kamuva. NgoJuni, isizukulwane sokuqala seminyovu yesisebenzi sihlala silungile. Lezi zivame ukuba zincane kunezindlovukazi futhi kulapho isidleke siqala ukwanda ngosayizi.
Umhlambi omusha uqala ukuphakama ezinyangeni zokwindla. Kulapha lapho amanxiwa amasha aqala ukuzala futhi aqale umjikelezo omusha entwasahlobo elandelayo. Abesilisa baqala ukuvela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo futhi bakhangwa ama-pheromones avela kwabesifazane. Lapho indlovukazi izokhulelwa, ifa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamanye amakhosikazi asesikhathini esizayo. Abesilisa nabo bafa ngemuva kokukhulelwa.
Ukukhula nentuthuko
Izimo eziningi zezidleke zophondo lwase-Asia zitholakale ezihlahleni. Kodwa-ke, kungabonakala nakwezinye izindlu, ezitebeleni nasemakamelweni, ngisho nokubonakala nezindonga. Lesi sici sokukwazi ukusinda cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo sibenza babe yingozi kakhulu. Izidleke zingafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angama-20-30 ngaphezu komhlaba ezihlahleni. Abanye babumbene Kutholakale amangqamuzana ayi-17.000, amele ukukhula kwenani elifanayo leminyovu esidlekeni nonyaka.
Lokhu kukhula okungenamkhawulo kwethulwa njengenye yezingozi ezinkulu kakhulu kwezinye izinambuzane eziyimpikiswano njengoba kuyizinto ezindala ezivamile. Isikhathi lapho izindlovukazi zizalela amaqanda azo kulapho isidleke sisengozini enkulu. Indlovukazi uqobo iyona ephuma ukuyolanda i-cellulose ukuze yakhe isidleke nokudla kwezibungu. Lokhu kubeka ingozi kuye. Imbangela enkulu yokufa kwekoloni ukungabi nendlovukazi. Ngakho-ke, kungabonakala ukuthi izidleke eziningi ziqala ngalesi sikhathi futhi aziqhubeki nokukhula kwazo.
Ukulimala okubangelwa uphondo lwase-Asia
Yonke iminyovu yase-Asia izidla izinyosi ezivamile. Le degree of predation iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwendlela yokudla. Ngaphandle kwezinyosi, zidla nezimpukane, amacimbi, izimvemvane nezinye izinambuzane. Badinga ukuthola amaprotheni ukondla izingane zabo kanye noshukela ukukhulisa umsebenzi wabo.
Indlovukazi yiyo eya ezindlekeni iyofuna ukudla futhi ithwale amaphuphu. Kusuka ngoJuni lapho abasebenzi beqala ukuyofuna ukudla. Uma kukhona iminyovu eyodwa noma emibili phambi kwesidleke, umonakalo awusoze walungiseka kulowo mdleke. Noma kunjalo, uma 10 noma 15 iminyovu ihlasela, kungenzeka ukuthi sonke isidleke sezinyosi sizobhujiswa ngesikhathi esifushane. Umsebenzi womnyovu wase-Asia wenziwa usuku lonke. Imvamisa zindiza ebangeni elingaba ngamasentimitha angama-30-40 ngaphambi kophango.
Lapho izinyosi ezivamile zifika, zihlasela ngokushesha bese zihlukanisa ikhanda nesisu. Bakha uhlobo lokunamathisela ngesifuba futhi yilokho abakuthathayo ukondla abasha. Njengoba ukutholakala kweminyovu ezungeze ikholomu yilokho okuvimba izinyosi ukungena esidlekeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, iminyovu ingena esidlekeni sezinyosi bese ibulala noma yini, idle izibungu futhi idle uju. Lokhu kudala ukuthi ezinye izinyosi zishiye isidleke.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nophondo lwe-Asia.