Ochwepheshe bathi inguquko yokuqala enkulu yamandla kwaba ngamalahle. Kamuva, uwoyela wawuzofika, kanye nezikhathi zawo zezombusazwe zokuguqula umhlaba ubheke phansi. izimakethe zomhlaba wonke, futhi manje bathi ikusasa ngelokuvuselelwa.
Umhlaba usukhathele ngamalahle. Ngaphezu kokuba ngomunye wemithombo engcolisa kakhulu, kwezomnotho ayisasebenzi njengakuqala. Lezi yizizathu eziyinhloko zokuncishiswa kokusetshenziswa kwayo, ngo-2016 ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle kwehle kakhulu, into engakaze ibonwe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
Ngokusho kwe- Ukubuyekezwa kwe-BP Statistical 2017, ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle kwehle ngo-6,2% kuya kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-231 kawoyela olinganayo (Mtoe), ukwehla okukhulu emlandweni. Ukukhiqizwa kweChina kuthole u-7,9% kuya ku-140 Mtoe, nakho ukwehla kwerekhodi. Ngenkathi umkhiqizo waseMelika wehliswa ngo-19% waya ku-85 Mtoe.
Esimweni saseSpain, ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle nakho wathinta cishe umhlabathi. Ishiywe kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-0,7 kawoyela alinganayo. 43,3% ngaphansi kuka-2015. Ukuqhathanisa, eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule iSpain yakhiqiza ngaphezulu kuka-6 Mtoe (ikakhulukazi e-Asturias).
Ngamafuphi, i- ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke amalahle ehle ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-53 kawoyela olinganayo (Mtoe), noma u-1,7%, ukwehla kwesibili okulandelanayo ngonyaka. Ukwehla okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamalahle kubonwe e-US (-33 Mtoe, ukwehla okungu-8,8%) kanye neChina (-26 Mtoe, -1,6%). Ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle e-UK yawa ngaphezulu kwengxenye (kufika ku-52,5%, noma i-12 Mtoe) ezingeni layo eliphansi, konke lokhu ngokwamarekhodi eBP Statistical Review.
Sesivele sinanisile ngokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamalahle e-UK. Ungabona i-athikili LAPHA
Ngayo yonke le mininingwane, isabelo samalahle sokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuyisisekelo emhlabeni sehle saya ku-28,1%, okuyiphesenti eliphansi kakhulu kusukela ngo-2004.
Ngeshwa, yize kunciphile ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle, isibalo sokukhishwa kwe-CO2 emkhathini asikaze siwele nhlobo. Iplanethi yangcolisa cishe okufanayo ngo-2016 njengonyaka ngaphambili. Vele, phakathi ne-2014-16 triennium, ukukhula kokukhishwa okujwayelekile kube yi ephansi kunanoma yisiphi isikhathi iminyaka emithathu kusuka ngo-1981 kuya ku-1983.
Uwoyela ungumpetha ophelele
Uwoyela ubuye futhi, njengasemashumini eminyaka amuva nje, waba ngumthombo wamandla obaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Yize kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi bekungafani nakuqala. Idatha yakho yokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa ziye zanda kancane, ngakho-ke kusekude ukuqala ukuwa kwabo njengamalahle.
Mayelana negesi yemvelo, ukufunwa komhlaba kukhule ngokwengxenye enhle kwimininingwane yokusetshenziswa okumangazayo eYurophu ekhule ngaphezu kwe-7%, neRussia njengomzuzi. Leli lizwe, nokho, yilona elanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwalo kakhulu ngonyaka odlule.
Amandla avuselelekayo
Ngenhlanhla, lapho sikhula khona kakhulu kunamandla avuselelekayo. Ngenxa yentuthuko ku-R & D, ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, okuvuselelekayo zikhula ngesivinini esikhulu emhlabeni.
Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ahlanzekile kube yi-14% uma amandla kagesi kagesi engafakwanga. Yiphesenti eliphansi kakhulu lokukhuphuka, kepha ngo-2016 ugesi ukhiqizwe kakhulu kunakuqala kusuka kokuvuselelekayo.
Sekukonke, amathani ayizigidi ezingama-53 kawoyela alinganayo, inani elifanayo nokusetshenziswa kwamalahle.
Kulo nyaka, iChina isimemezele njengenkosi yokuvuselelwa ngokudlula i-US ekukhiqizeni. Njengoba siphawule kule webhusayithi ngezinombolo amaphrojekthi amasha omoya nelanga.
Mayelana nenuzi, ukukhiqizwa emhlabeni kukhuphuke ngo-1,3% ngo-2016, noma ngo-9,3 Mtoe. I-China ibe yikho konke ukukhula okuphelele, ngokunyuka okungu-24,5%.
Ekugcineni, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi kukhuphuke ngo-2,8% ngowezi-2016, (27,1 Mtoe). I-China (10,9 Mtoe) kanye ne-US (3,5 Mtoe) banikeze ukuthi ukukhushulwa okukhudlwana. IVenezuela yehlelwe ukwehla okukhulu (-3,2 Mtoe).
Kunamazwe afana neGuatemala, ngokukhiqizwa kwamandla cishe kwe-100%, lapho i- iningi livela kugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, ngezikhathi zemvula encane basebenzisa amanye amandla avuselelekayo njengomoya noma ilanga.