Omunye wemithelela emikhulu abantu abawukhiqizayo enhlabathini emhlabeni jikelele kanye nezinhlelo zemvelo jikelele yi ukwenziwa ihlane. Ugwadule luchazwe isiVumelwano seZizwe Ezihlangene Sokulwa Nogwadule njengenqubo yokwehliswa kwenhlabathi ngenxa yezimo ezinjengokwehluka kwesimo sezulu nemisebenzi yabantu.
Kule ndatshana sizokutshela zonke izici, izimbangela nemiphumela yokwenziwa ihlane.
Ugwadule vs ugwadule
Kuhlale kwenziwa imifudlana emibili ukukhuluma ngomthelela ofanayo phansi. Ukulahleka kwenhlabathi ngokonakala kwayo noma ukulahleka kwenzalo ikakhulu kungenxa yezindlela eziningana. Lapho sikhuluma ngomzila wemvelo ngenxa yokwanda kwezindawo eziwugwadule noma ushintsho esimweni sezulu sendawo, kungenxa yoshintsho lwemvelo. Ngalesi sizathu, kuthiwa yigama lokwenziwa ihlane. Ugwadule lungachazwa ngokuthi inqubo yemvelo inhlabathi elahlekelwa ngayo yimpahla yayo noma yehlisa isithunzi ngenxa yezimo zemvelo.
Uma sesibeke umuntu njengomphumela oguqukayo wemvelo ongaba khona endaweni okukhulunywa ngayo, sekufanele sisho ukuthi kuwugwadule. Ukugwaduleka bese kuchazwa ngokuthi ukonakaliswa kwenhlabathi okubangelwa yimisebenzi yabantu kungaba ezolimo, ezezimboni, ezokuhlala emadolobheni, njll. Ukuntuleka kogwadule kuthathwa njengenye yezinqubo ezisho ukulahleka kwenhlabathi evundile kanye nokwehluleka kwayo yonke imvelo ukufeza umsebenzi wayo wokulawula.
Kumele sazi ukuthi imvelo igcwalisa umsebenzi wokunikezela ngempahla nezinsizakalo kubantu nakwezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, uma inhlabathi, ukondliwa kwayo yonke impilo, ingazigcini izakhiwo zayo, ayikwazi ukunikeza umsebenzi wayo. Indawo eyomile, eyomile futhi enomswakama yileyo enezinga elikhulu lokuba sengozini yokugwaduleka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngomthelela omncane womuntu bangalahlekelwa ukuzala kwabo nazo zonke izakhiwo zabo.
Izibalo
Ezingeni lezibalo zaseYurophu, kuyaziwa ukuthi iSpain iyizwe elinamaphesenti aphakeme kakhulu engcupheni yokuguquka kwezingwadule. Futhi yilokho cishe ama-75% endawo asengozini yokuhlushwa yile nqubo yokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi. Kuyaziwa vele ukuthi u-6% wensimu usuvele wonakaliswe ngokungenakulungiseka futhi utholakala ikakhulukazi emithambekeni yeMedithera, e-Andalusian naseCanary Islands. Lezi zindawo yizona ezonakele kakhulu njengoba zisengozini yokuhlaselwa wugwadule.
Kwenziwe izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nemiphumela yako eSpain. Lokhu kulinganiselwa akukuhle neze futhi kusikisela ukuthi izikhathi zesomiso ziya ngokuya ziba namandla futhi lokhu kuzobhebhethekisa izinqubo zokuba ugwadule.
Izimbangela zokwenziwa ihlane
Sithe umuntu ungesinye sezici ezimbili eziyisisekelo okwenzeka ngazo ukugwaduleka. Le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi, ngokujwayelekile, kunzima ukuthola ukuthi kunembangela eyodwa kuphela. Kungashiwo ukuthi kungumphumela wokuhlangana kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa isimo sezulu kanye nomsebenzi womuntu. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye zezimbangela ezinkulu zokuthi kungani inqubo yokugwaduleka yenzeka:
- Indawo enesimo sezulu esomile lapho kuba nesomiso sonyaka futhi kuba nezimvula ezingapheli njalo.
- Umhlaba ongenamsoco nezinga eliphezulu lokuguguleka kwenhlabathi.
- Imililo yehlathi
- Isimo esibucayi emkhakheni oyinhloko esiholela ekufudukeni kwasemakhaya eshiye umhlaba okhiqizayo. Njengoba sazi, uma umhlaba okhiqizayo ushiywa ugcina usululazekile ngokwemvelo.
- Ukusetshenziswa budedengu kwemithombo yamanzi okunciphisa amandla we-ecosystem ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi. Kukhona nokungcoliswa kwama-aquifers.
- Ukukhula ngendlela engafanele emadolobheni ezindaweni ezisogwini ikakhulukazi.
- Ukushisa komhlaba kanye ukuncipha kwemvula okudalwe ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Singasho ukuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kungenye yezinto ezithinta kakhulu konke okuqukethwe komhlabathi waseSpain. Futhi kubangela ukwehla kwekhabhoni equkethwe yizinhlabathi ngokwemvelo futhi kuthinte konke ezakhiweni zazo zomzimba, zamakhemikhali kanye nezebhayoloji. Inhlabathi eguqulwa kakhulu yilezo zindawo ezinomswakama ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho yenhlonhlo ezilahlekelwa ukuzala kwazo.
Imiphumela
Ugwadule lungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu okufanele zibhekane nazo emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi ukuthi banemiphumela emibi kakhulu ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele. Ukugwaduleka kudala izinkinga zokuqeda ubuphofu, ukunakekelwa nokongiwa kwemvelo, ukusimama kanye nozinzo kwezomnotho, phakathi kokunye. Eminye yemiphumela eyinhloko yalesi simo yile elandelayo:
- Ukulahleka kwezinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo, inhlabathi ekhiqizayo evundile kanye nezinhlelo ezahlukene zemvelo. Ukulahleka okujwayelekile kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kungenye inkinga ebhekene nesintu kuleli khulu leminyaka. Ukulahlekelwa umhlaba okhiqizayo akugcini nje ngokuthinta abantu, kodwa futhi nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlobene nabo.
- Nciphisa umkhiqizo wezolimo nokuqala kokungavikeleki kokudla. Amazwe amaningi angondla abantu bawo futhi indlala iyanda emhlabeni wonke.
- Ukuguqulwa kwemithombo yemvelo
- Ukuqiniswa kwemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kunikezwe ukuthi basebenza ngochungechunge.
- Imithelela noma intuthuko esimeme kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yabantu.
Babhekene nazo zonke lezi zinkinga futhi bazama ukuthola izixazululo ezahlukahlukene ezinjengalezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi nokuvuselelwa kwezinhlobo zemithi nezihlahlana.
- Ukwenziwa ngcono kokuphathwa kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi ahlanziwe, ukugcinwa kwamanzi emvula, ukususwa kwetyuwa emanzini nokonga. Zonke lezi zenzo zingasiza kakhulu ekongeni amanzi nasekusindeni kangcono isikhathi eside sesomiso.
- Gcina inhlabathi ngokusebenzisa uthango ukunciphisa ijubane ekufinyeleleni kwezindunduma nokwakha izithiyo zemithi ukuvikela ekugugulekeni komoya. Masingasho ukuthi umoya ungumenzeli onamandla ngokwanele.
- Ukunothisa nokuvundisa inhlabathi ngokuvuselelwa kwezembozo zezitshalo. Ngezitshalo, inhlabathi ingavuselelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Vumela ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela ezinhlobo zemithi yomdabu ngokusika izihlahla ngokukhetha. Ngokuthena okukhethiwe, ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwezinhlobo kungasheshiswa ngokwemvelo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokwenziwa ihlane, izimbangela zalo nemiphumela.