Enye yezinqubo zokungcola eziyinkinga impela ngenxa yendlela yayo yokwenza izinto yiyona Ukuqongelela. Ukuqongelela okunjalo kuchazwa njengenqubo yokubekwa kancane kancane ngesikhathi esithile sento yamakhemikhali emzimbeni womuntu ophilayo. Lolu hlobo lokumunca lungenzeka ngoba umkhiqizo umunca ngokushesha ukwedlula lokho ongakusebenzisa noma ngenxa yokuthi awukwazi ukwenziwa umzimba. Noma ngabe siyini isizathu, uma umkhiqizo oqoqekayo uyingozi, ungaba yinkinga empilweni yabantu nasemvelweni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngokuqongelela, ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izici zayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Kumele kucatshangelwe lokho kukhuphuka Akudingeki ukuthi kube yinto engeyinhle uma ingxube eqoqekayo ingeyona ingozi. Kodwa-ke, iningi lemikhiqizo eqanjwe ngenqubo ye-Bioaccumulation ngokuvamile iyingozi empilweni noma emvelweni. Eminye imikhiqizo efana ne-mercury inganqwabelana ngezicubu futhi uma iyinto eyingozi empilweni. Iningi lokungcola kwamakhemikhali okuqoqayo ku-bioac livela emithonjeni eminingi futhi kunqwabelana ezintweni eziphilayo. Isibonelo, amanani amakhulu wezibulala-zinambuzane esizisebenzisayo kwezolimo ukuvikela izinambuzane zigcinwa yizinto eziphilayo futhi zidluliswa ochungechungeni lokudla.
Izimo zesimo sezulu ezifana nemvula zingageza umhlaba osanda kulashwa ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Kulapha lapho ukwenzeka kokugeleza komhlaba nangaphansi komhlaba kubangela ukuthi la makhemikhali aqoqane emifudlaneni, emifuleni, emachwebeni futhi ekugcineni olwandle. Ukufinyelela kulezi zindawo lapho kuhlala khona izitshalo nezilwaneinani likamanyolo lihlangana nalezi zidalwa eziphilayo kanye nayo yonke imvelo. Uma umkhiqizo oqoqekayo, njengakulesi simo, uyingozi, ungadala izinkinga ochungechungeni lokudla nasempilweni yezinto eziphilayo.
Omunye umthombo omkhulu wokungcola okunobuthi okuvela kuwo ukuqhuma kweBioac kusuka ekubhemeni kwezimboni nasekukhishweni kwezimoto. Zonke izimoto ezinokusha kukaphethiloli futhi ezikhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa zizonqwabelana emkhathini futhi zizobuyela emhlabeni ziyimvula. Ukukhishwa ngamabomu kwalokhu kudoti emfuleni futhi ungomunye umthombo wokungcola kwamakhemikhali futhi kukhiqiza iBioaccumulation.
Ukuqongelela kanye ne-biomagnification
Uma ukungcola sekusemanzini noma emhlabathini kungangena kalula kuhla lokudla. Ngokuyinhloko baqala ukungena nge-phytoplankton. I-phytoplankton iqala ukusabalala futhi idluliselwe kwabanye abantu abaku-zooplankton. Kulapha lapho ungathola khona iphuzu elikhuphuka igxathu negxathu uze ufike esiqongweni sephiramidi yokudla. Izikhathi eziningi ukuphela kochungechunge lokudla ngumuntu.
Sibuyela esibonelweni se-mercury. Uma abantu bengcolisa amanzi emifula, amachibi nayo yonke imithombo yamanzi lokho ekugcineni zigobhozela olwandle bese zihlangana nezidalwa eziphilayo lapho. Lezi zidalwa eziphilayo zizokwethula ukudla kwe-phytoplankton noma i-zooplankton emzimbeni wazo. Kusuka kulezi zinto ezidlulayo, kudabula uchungechunge lokudla, kuze kube yilapho umuntu eziqeda.
Ngenkathi inani lezinto ezingcolisayo lingaba lincane ngokwanele ukuthi lingadala monakalo phansi kwechungechunge lokudla, izingqinamba ziyahlangana njengoba ziqongelela. Kunjalo-ke ukwanda kweBioacculation okwenzeka ukuthi ekugcineni kungadala umonakalo omkhulu ezintweni eziphakeme zepiramidi yokudla. Lo mkhuba waziwa ngegama le-biomagnification.
Ukuqongelela kanye ne-DDT
Esinye sezibonelo zakudala ze-Bioaccumulation eziholele ekubonweni kwe-biomagnostic kwenzeka nge-insecticide eyaziwa nge-DDT. Lesi sibulala-zinambuzane sisize ukulawula umiyane nezinye izinambuzane futhi sasisebenza kahle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imvula yathutha lesi sinambuzane ngemisinga yamanzi kusuka kulo mkhiqizo kuya emachibini nasolwandle. Okungcolisayo kunqwabelane ngaphakathi komzimba ngamunye futhi kwaqala kwaba biomagnified. Konke lokhu kwakwenziwa ngeketanga lokudla laze lafinyelela emazingeni aphezulu. Esinye sezibonelo
Ezizingelayo ezazingaba yizisulu zenqubo ye-Bioaccumulation kwakungu-raptors nezinyoni zasolwandle. Lezi zinyoni zihlanganisa izinkozi ezinama-bald kanye nama-ospreys, ama-peregrine falcons nama-pelicans ansundu. Izinduna ziphinde zalimala ngezikhathi zokungenisa ekudleni kwazo. Izinga lalesi sinambuzane esitholakale kumagobolondo amaqanda alezi zinyoni laliphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuchaze ukuthi igobolondo labo belibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi kuthe lapho abazali uqobo bezama ukuwaqandula, bagcina sebephula amaqanda, kwafa amachwane. Yile ndlela abantu abaningi balezi zinyoni abaqala ngayo ukwehla.
Ekugcineni, ukunciphisa lezi zinkinga, i-DDT yaqedwa ngokuphelele futhi umhlaba wonke wayivimba ngo-1972. Kusukela lapho, kube nentuthuko eningi ekutholakaleni kwalaba baduni.
Ingabe kuyingozi kubantu?
Ngomunye wemibuzo abantu abaningi abazibuza yona. Ukuqongelela kanye ne-biomagnification kwezinto ezingcolisayo ezinobuthi kungabeka impilo yabantu engcupheni. Uma abantu begcina bedla izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu ochungechungeni lokudla, sichayeka emithamo ephezulu yamakhemikhali ayingozi aqoqwa ngochungechunge lokudla.
Isibonelo, i-swordfish, ushaka, ne-tuna sekuvame ukuqoqwa inani elikhulu le-mercury. Eziningi zezinhlanzi okuthiwa ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zivame ukuba nokugxila okuphezulu kwama-biphenyls ane-polychlorinated. Le ejenti yamakhemikhali nayo igcina ngokuqoqelwa emzimbeni kodwa emzimbeni wabantu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-Bioaccumulation iyini nokuthi iyini imiphumela kubantu nakwezemvelo.