Ukungcoliswa komsindo

Namuhla izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu emhlabeni zihlala emadolobheni amakhulu. Amadolobha abe emithonjeni yokukhishwa okukhulu komsindo nokungcola kwe-acoustic. Umthombo omkhulu womsindo emadolobheni wukuhamba emigwaqweni. Ukuhlungwa kwezimoto, isiminyaminya, isiminyaminya, izimpondo, njll. Zikhipha umsindo futhi zingadala izifo kubantu.

I-World Health Organization (WHO) ibeka umkhawulo wosuku wama-decibel angama-65 (dB) ukuze ungabi yingozi empilweni. Yize kunjalo izigidi zabantu zivezwa amazinga aphezulu nsuku zonke. Yini engenziwa kulesi simo futhi ziyini izingozi zokuchayeka ngokuqhubekayo emazingeni aphezulu omsindo?

Izici zokungcola komsindo

Ukungcoliswa komsindo kunezici ezithile ezikuhlukanisa nokunye ukungcola:

• Kungukungcola okushibhe ukukhiqiza futhi kudinga amandla amancane kakhulu ukukhishwa.
• Kuyinkimbinkimbi ukukala nokulinganisa.
• Ayishiyi izinsalela, ayinayo imiphumela eqoqayo emvelweni, kepha ingaba nomthelela wokuqongelela emiphumeleni yayo kumuntu.
• Inobubanzi besenzo obuncane kakhulu kunezinye izinto ezingcolisayo, okungukuthi, itholakala ezindaweni ezithile.
• Awuhambi ngezinhlelo zemvelo, njengomoya ongcolile omoya, ngokwesibonelo.
• Kubonwa kuphela ngomqondo owodwa: ukuzwa, okwenza umphumela wawo ubukelwe phansi. Lokhu akwenzeki ngamanzi, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukungcoliswa kungabonakala ngokubonakala kwako, iphunga nokunambitha.

Umsindo emadolobheni

Ochwepheshe bokungcoliswa komsindo nomsindo Yibo abalinganisa amazinga omsindo emadolobheni futhi bakhiqize amabalazwe anomsindo. Basungula amazinga omsindo atholakala endaweni ngayinye yamadolobha kanye namazinga okungena emini nasebusuku okufanele babe nawo ukuthola impilo enhle.

Imibundu yemisindo iphakeme emini kunasebusuku. Ukuvezwa okuqhubekayo emazingeni aphezulu omsindo kungadala ukugula noma izinkinga ezinjenge ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukuvela kwezinkinga zenhliziyo Futhi nasezinganeni, izinkinga zingavela lapho zingakhubazekile khona ezinhlelweni zazo zokufunda.

Kukhona nezinye izinkinga ezihlobene namazinga aphezulu omsindo afana nalokhu:

Insomnio

Ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni ezinokuphila kwasebusuku okuphezulu okufana nemigoqo, izindawo zokudlela, amadisco, izixuku, njll. Banamathuba amaningi okuba nemisindo ephezulu ebusuku. Lokhu kudala ubunzima bokulala kubantu abahlala kulezi zindawo.. Ukungalali njalo nokulala amahora ambalwa kubangela ukuqwasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqwasha kwandisa ukubonakala kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo njengokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka; kanye nokuguqulwa kwamasosha omzimba, ukukhohlwa kanye nobunzima bokufunda.

Kunezifundo ezikhombisa ukuthi ezindaweni ezinamazinga aphezulu we umsindo unyuse ukwamukelwa esibhedlela.

Izinkinga zenhliziyo

Izinga eliphezulu lokuchayeka emsindweni onconywe yi-WHO ngu-65dB emini. Ukuvezwa okungapheli kwansuku zonke kumazinga omsindo angaphezu kwe-65 dB noma ukuvezwa okunamandla ngaphezu kwe-80-85 dB kungadala ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo okuhlala isikhathi eside, noma ngabe labo abathintekile bengaziboni izimpawu zesifo. Labo abathintekile abayazi kwazise umzimba uphendula amazinga aphezulu omsindo ngokwenza ama-hormone ezinzwa akhuphule umfutho wegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, i-vasoconstriction futhi iqine igazi.

Ngokusobala, abantu asebekhulile bayazwela futhi basengozini enkulu kulolu hlobo lwesifo ngenxa yokuvezwa okungapheli emazingeni aphezulu omsindo.

Izinkinga zokuzwa

Abantu abavame ukusebenza noma ukuzilibazisa ngezindawo ezinomsindo omkhulu bathambekele kakhulu ekulimaleni kokuzwa. Lokhu kulimala kubulala amaseli endlebeni yangaphakathi futhi kulimaze ukuzwa.

Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa kudala imiphumela ethinta impilo yethu yansuku zonke, evimbela ubudlelwane bezenhlalo, inciphise ukusebenza kwezemfundo nokusebenza, kubangele imizwa yokuhlukaniswa, isizungu nokudangala.

Ukugwema lokhu kuyanconywa:

• Gwema izindawo ezinomsindo
• Vikela izindlebe zakho ngabavikeli abafanele
• Ithelevishini nomsakazo kuvulwe ngevolumu elinganiselayo
• Uma usebenzisa amahedfoni, ungeqi ku-60% wevolumu ephezulu
• Ungadluli ukusetshenziswa kwazo isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora elilodwa ngosuku
• Sebenzisa amadivayisi anomkhawulo wevolumu ukuze ungeqi amazinga anempilo
• Lapho ushayela, ungasebenzisi uphondo ngokungadingekile
• Ngesikhathi semicimbi yomculo hlala kude nezipikha

Ukungcoliswa komsindo kudala abantu abaningi abagulayo

Ukulinganisa nokuqhathanisa ubunzima bokungcola komsindo, kwenziwa ucwaningo eBarcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), isikhungo esithuthukiswa yi "la Caixa" Banking Foundation, esiqagule, okokuqala ngqa, umthwalo we izifo ezibangelwa ukuhlelwa kwedolobha nezokuthutha eBarcelona.

Phakathi kwazo zonke izici zemvelo ezingadala izifo kuzakhamizi, ngomsindo ovela ethrafikhi odala ubuningi kakhulu, iphakeme kakhulu kunezifo ezihlobene nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba nokungcoliswa komoya.

Lolu cwaningo luye lwafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ukube iBarcelona ibinokuhlela okungcono kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kanye nezokuthutha ingahlehlisa kuze kufike ku-3.000 ukufa kwabantu ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukube izincomo zomhlaba wonke zokuthuthukiswa kokuzivocavoca umzimba bezihlangatsheziwe, ukugwema ukuvezwa wukungcola komoya, umsindo nokushisa, amacala ayi-1.700 ezifo zenhliziyo angagwenywa unyaka nonyaka, ngaphezu kwamacala ayi-1.300 wegazi, cishe amacala angama-850 unhlangothi no-740 amacala okucindezeleka, phakathi kwabanye.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Ukungcoliswa komsindo kubangela izifo eziningi kunokungcola komoya

Amazinga omsindo nawempilo

Isikali somsindo esilinganiswe ngama-decibel ngokwendlebe yomuntu yilesi:

• 0  Izinga elincane lokuzwa
• 10-30  Izinga lomsindo eliphansi elilingana nengxoxo ephansi
• 30-50  Ileveli yomsindo ephansi elingana nengxoxo ejwayelekile
• 55  Izinga lokududuza le-Acoustic ngokwesilinganiso
• 65  Izinga eliphakeme elivunyelwe lokubekezelelana kwe-acoustic elisungulwe yi-WHO
• 65- 75  Umsindo ocasulayo olingana nomgwaqo onethrafikhi, ithelevishini ephezulu ...
• 75-100  Ukulimala kwendlebe kuqala, kubangele imizwa engakhululekile nokwethuka
• 100-120  Ubungozi bokungezwa
• 120  Umbundu we-Acoustic pain
• 140 Izinga eliphezulu indlebe yomuntu engamelana nalo

Umsindo wemvelo

Ngokungcola komsindo, izindawo zasemadolobheni namazinga aphezulu omsindo sikhohlwa umsindo wemvelo. Abantu abaningi, ngisho nokuhamba izintaba, bafaka ama-headphone futhi balalele umculo esikhundleni sokujabulela umsindo wemvelo.

Isipho okungumsindo wenyoni noma owamanzi awela emthonjeni siyalahleka ngenxa yenqubo efana nohlobo oluthile lokungezwa. Ukuthula kwekhorasi lomhlaba wemvelo kusengozini yokunyamalala nokulahlekelwa ukubaluleka esizukulwaneni samanje, njengoba abantu bengayinaki imisindo ebazungezile.

Amazinga omsindo wangemuva ayanda kwezinye izindawo asongela abantu ngokungazi imisindo ethile efana iculo le-canary, amanzi awayo noma ukugqwala kwamaqabunga ezihlahla lapho kunomoya, ongazwakala ngezikhathi ezithile ngisho nasezindaweni ezisemadolobheni eziluhlaza.

Akukaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kungani, kepha kunezifundo eziqinisekisa ukuthi ukulalela umsindo owenziwa yimvelo kuyazuzisa empilweni. Hlisa ingqondo, phumuza imisipha, gwema ukucindezeleka, njll. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu ezigidini zeminyaka yokuziphendukela kwemvelo uxhumanise imisindo ethule yemvelo nokuphepha.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukungcoliswa komsindo emadolobheni

Njengoba ithrafikhi yomgwaqo iwumthombo omkhulu kunayo yonke yomsindo, kufanele sigxile ekuwunciphiseni. Kunengqalasizinda eyakhiwe emigwaqeni emikhulu edlula ngasemakhaya noma leyo esemadolobheni (adlula maphakathi nedolobha) ukugwema umsindo oweqisayo.

Isibonelo, siyathola izikrini zomsindo. Lezi yizindonga ezakhiwe emaphethelweni emigwaqo emikhulu ukunciphisa umsindo odlula kuzo. Ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni zingaba futhi izihlahla nezihlahlana okuthi, ngaphandle kokwehlisa umsindo, zihlanze umoya ongcolile.

Kunamaphrojekthi okusizakala ngamandla avuselelekayo nokugwema umsindo owenziwayo. Imayelana nophahla lwelanga emigwaqweni yezimoto. Vala imigwaqo, imigwaqo emikhulu kanye nojantshi ngamakhava we-solar photovoltaic Sekuvele inketho ngokufakwa okungajwayelekile kokusebenza, njengoba kunjalo ngolayini wesitimela esinejubane elikhulu eBelgium.

Inkathazo ebangelwe yilanga entathakusa nasebusuku izogwenywa kakhulu, kanye nokushisa okuthe xaxa kwezinjini ezindaweni zokuqothuka okukhulu njengamahlane kanye namazwe afudumele futhi wehlise kakhulu umsindo okhishwa ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinomthelela wamandla lokhu okubandakanya, okuvela kumthombo ovuselelekayo, ongangcolisi futhi osebenza kahle.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umsindo awubonakali emehlweni omuntu, kepha imiphumela yawo mibi impela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele senze ingxenye yethu ukugwema umsindo owedlulele futhi singabi nezinkinga zempilo.