Kungekudala, ishicilelwe ngu REN21 (Inethiwekhi Yenqubomgomo Yamandla Avuselelekayo yekhulu lama-21, uhlelo lwe-2017 lombiko womhlaba wonke ngesimo samandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni (Ukuvuselelwa Kwombiko Wesimo Somhlaba Wonke we-2017)).
I-REN21 ihlanganisa ohulumeni abehlukene, ama-NGO, amanyuvesi nezinhlangano zomhlaba ezifana neBhange Lomhlaba, i-International Energy Agency, i-United Nations kanye ne-etcetera ende.
Amandla avuselelekayo embikweni womhlaba
Ithi ngonyaka ka-2016 kuqoshwe irekhodi elisha ngokwemigomo ye- indawo yamandla kagesi emhlabeni wonke ivuselelwa ngama-gigawatts ayi-161. Ngamazwe afana neChina noma i-India ekuholeni
Lokhu kusho ukwanda cishe kuka-9% ngaphezu konyaka odlule, okuhlanganisa amandla kagesi esewonke angama-gigawathi angama-2.017 emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma sihlukanisa phakathi kwamandla ahlukahlukene avuselelekayo, yi Photovoltaic Solar Amandla leyo evelele ngaphezu kokunye cishe ngo-a 47% yamandla afakiwe esewonke, alandelwa ngu amandla omoya nge 34% futhi i ama-hydraulic ngokuthile okungaphezu kwe- 15%.
Ikusasa elizayo
Umbiko wengeza imibuzo eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu maqondana nokuziphendukela kwamandla esizayo okuvuselelwa emhlabeni wonke.
Emazweni athile anjengeDenmark, iMexico noma i-United Arab Emirates, intengo kagesi emithonjeni evuselelekayo ibekwe ku- $ 0,1 / kWh, okusho ukuthi umuntu ophansi ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza ezinokufakwa okuningi okuvamile, futhi, ngaphandle kokuba nohlobo lwe-premium.
Qopha eDubai ngesifudumezi selanga
IDaily Electricity and Water Authority (Dewa) imemezele emasontweni ambalwa edlule amanani entengo ezivumelwano zamakhemikhali amane okuqhudelana ngokwakhiwa kwesigaba sesine samamegawathi angama-200 epaki elanga iMohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. Ibhidi ephansi ifakiwe kule phrojekthi yamandla elanga egxilile kungu-9,45 US cents (cishe ama-8.5 euro cents) nge-kWh ngayinye.
Le ntengo imele irekhodi elisha, ngoba eledlule beliphakeme ngama-40% kunentengo ephansi enikeziwe kuze kube manje. Ezinye izinhlinzeko ezimbili baphinde bethula amanani aphansi ngamasenti ayi-10 euro nge-kWh ngayinye.
Ithenda yesigaba sesine sepaki elanga lesitshalo se-thermosolar esinobuchwepheshe bombhoshongo lifaka ukugcinwa kwamandla kuze kufike emahoreni ayi-12, okusho ukuthi le nxanxathela izokwazi ukuqhubeka usabalalisa ugesi ubusuku bonke, futhi kuyisigaba sokuqala sentuthuko esihlela ukuba ne-1.000 MW yamandla kagesi ashisayo elanga ngobuchwepheshe bombhoshongo.
Ngeshwa, eSpain asikwazi ukusho okufanayo, ngenxa yokusikeka okwenziwe kwizikhungo zamandla kagesi ezishisayo.
La mazinga entengo azogqugquzela amazwe amaningi ukuthi ahlele ukufakwa kwezitshalo zamandla ezishisayo elanga eSpain ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi kungekho zinsiza, Kubukeka sengathi izimfuno ze-EU nazo ziyayiphilisa imakethe.
Lokhu kushintshana kuyadingeka ukufaka umthamo omusha ohlinzeka ukuphatha inethiwekhi nokuqina obunye ubuchwepheshe obubonakalayo eshibhile, abakwazi ukunikela.
Iningi labaphathi bezinkampani ezisebenza ngemisebe yelanga, “amandla ezishisayo elanga iwukuphela kobuchwepheshe obuphathekayo obunenzuzo yokuzinza kwegridi enezinsizakusebenza ezingaphezu kokwanele ukumboza izidingo zikagesi wanoma yiliphi izwe elinelanga elijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yomzamo we-R & D, ubuchwepheshe bukhule kakhulu, njengamanje bungancintisana ngentengo nganoma yibuphi ubuchwepheshe.
Denmark
Lokhu kwenzeke, isibonelo, ku Denmark, izwe elithuthuke ngokuphelele nezidingo zamandla aphezulu.
Umbiko ufaka hlangana nokuthi amaphrojekthi wokulondolozwa kwegezi enzelwe isamba samamegawathi ama-800 wamandla afakiweko, okutjho umthamo ophelele womhlaba wama-gigawathi ama-6,4.
Iphinde ikhombise ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwenza imizamo ekusetshenzisweni okushisayo kwemithombo evuselelekayo noma ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ku- umkhakha wezokuthutha, ngoba lezi azikakakhi ngokwanele ukumelana nophethiloli.
Ukunakekela imvelo
Ukubaluleka kokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza zamandla avuselelekayo ngokombono wezemvelo kumele kugqanyiswe, uma inhloso ukuhambisana nokuzibophezela komhlaba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi nge Isivumelwano saseParis, lapho ukwanda kwesilinganiso sokushisa sonyaka kukhawulwe ngaphansi kuka-2 ºC.
Unyaka nonyaka, kufakwa amandla amaningi kusetshenziswa imithombo evuselelekayo kunaleyo yobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile.
Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nesidingo sengqalasizinda yamandla njengamanethiwekhi okudlulisa nokusabalalisa, imininingwane nezinhlelo zokuxhumana, ukugcinwa kwamandla, njll., Ngakho-ke ukutshalwa kwemali okuzokwenziwa eminyakeni ezayo kuzoba phezulu kakhulu.
