Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ezibhekene nenhlabathi namuhla ukuguguleka komhlaba. Okuhlukile ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi yilezo ezidala le nkinga ezingeni elijwayelekile. Kuyinqubo eyenzeka ngokwemvelo lapho amatshe nomhlabathi kunamathele ebusweni bomhlaba bese kuthuthelwa kwenye indawo. Isenzo esikhulu esidala lokhu kususwa kwamanzi nomoya.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi nokuthi iyini imiphumela.
Yini
Okokuqala kunakho konke ukwazi kahle ukuthi ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kuyini. Kuyinkqubo edala ushintsho kumathafa ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kobuso bomhlaba yidwala uma inhlabathi. Ama-ejenti amakhulu abhekele kubo umoya namanzi. Le nqubo ingahamba kancane kakhulu futhi iqhubeke izinkulungwane zeminyaka noma ingasheshiswa ngemisebenzi yabantu efana neyezimayini noma ezolimo.
Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi ukucekelwa phansi kwayo ngokusebenza kwezici ezahlukahlukene zemvelo njengomoya noma amanzi. Yisenzo somuntu esisheshisa kakhulu le nqubo. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi kungenzeka emhlabeni wonke, yize kuyizindawo ezomile noma ezomile ezinokuguguleka okukhulu komhlaba. Ukugwema ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, kudingeka ikhava yohlaza engavikela inhlabathi. Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi ngomunye wabalingisi abaphambili ekwakheni nasekuguquleni ukwakheka komhlaba. Amathafa ahlukahlukene angashintsha kakhulu ngenxa yesenzo sokuguguleka.
Siqukethe ukugqugquzela amatshe noma izingcezu zawo, isihlabathi noma uthuli kwamanye amasayithi. Ama-ejenti amakhulu kungaba umoya, amandla adonsela phansi omhlaba noma amanzi. Isibonelo salokhu yiziduli ezihanjiswa ngumfula zinqamula ezintabeni. Iziduli ezishiwoyo zivela ezintabeni futhi ziyizicucu zamatshe, isihlabathi nothuli. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba komfula lezi zinhlabathi zikhukhulwa futhi ekugcineni zibekwe kwenye indawo. Lokhu kudonswa kwezidumbu kuguqula ukubukeka komhlaba wonke.
Izici zokuguguleka kwenhlabathi
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko zokuguguleka kwenhlabathi nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuguguleka. Izimbangela zingaba ziningi futhi zihluke. Ezinye izimbangela zingaba zemvelo njengokusebenza komoya noma kwamanzi, isomiso, njll. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezenzo ohlangothini lomuntu ezisheshisa le nqubo ngejubane elikhulu. Eminye yemisebenzi yomuntu edala ukwanda kwesenzo sezici zokuguguleka kwenhlabathi ezimayini, ezolimo, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukufudukela emadolobheni, njll.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko:
- Ukuguguleka kwamanzi: Luhlobo lokuguguleka okubangelwa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngezindlela eziningi. Lapho imvula ina ihlephula umhlaba ube yizicucu ezincane bese ziyashanela emthambekeni. Lokho kusho ukuthi, yisenzo samandla adonsela phansi okuthi, kanye namanzi, kube nesibopho sokuhambisa izingcezu zomhlaba nokuzihambisa. Ukugeleza kwemifula, okwaziwa njenge-surface runoff, nakho kuyakwazi ukuguqula indawo. I-Creep ne-bump noma amagagasi emhlabathini nakho kuyisici sokuguguleka.
- Ukuguguleka kwe-Eolic: Luhlobo lokuguguleka okwenziwa ngumoya othwala ufulawa, uthuli lomlotha ukusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye. Ukushaywa okuqhubekayo komoya edwaleni nakho kuyayikhipha isikhunta iye esimeni sayo. Kwiplanethi kunezinhlobo zamatshe ezikhethekile kakhulu ngenxa yesenzo somoya kuleyo ndawo.
- Ukuguguleka kwamakhemikhali: yaziwa nangokuthi i-weathering yamakhemikhali. Imayelana nokubola kanye nezinguquko okwenzeka ekwakhiweni kwedwala ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Lezi zinguquko ikakhulu bekuyinani le-oxygen, amanzi noma i-carbon dioxide ebamba iqhaza ekwakheni nasekuguqulweni kwedwala.
- Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi ngamazinga okushisa: yaziwa nangokuthi isimo sezulu sezulu. Izinqubo ezinde ezifana nokubanda, ukushisa noma ukukhanya kwelanga emadwaleni nasemhlabathini kungadala ushintsho ekwakhekeni kwetshe. Isibonelo, i-thermoclasty ingukuqhekeka kwedwala ngenxa yezinguquko emazingeni okushisa avela esifundeni. Le thermoclasty ivame ukubonakala ezingwadule. Siyazi ukuthi ukushisa kwasemini ezingwadule kuphakeme kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa ebusuku. Lezi zinguquko emazingeni okushisa zidala ukuthi amatshe aqhekeze ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka.
- Ukuguguleka komzimba: wuhlobo lokuguguleka okwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo samandla adonsela phansi. Into ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ukuthi kungenxa yamatshe namatshe awela phansi. La matshe ahlala endaweni ephansi kakhulu emithambekeni futhi indawo iyalungiswa ngokuhudula.
Imiphumela yokuguguleka kwenhlabathi
Lapho sesibonile ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokuguguleka komhlaba ezijwayele ukwenzeka ngendlela engokwemvelo, sizobona ukuthi iyiphi leyo mikhiqizo yesenzo somuntu nokuthi iyini imiphumela yayo. Umuntu unemisebenzi yezomnotho eyonakalisa umhlaba. Phakathi kwale misebenzi sithola okulandelayo:
- Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi: kungukugawulwa okukhulu kwezihlahla endaweni ngesilinganiso esikhulu kunalokho esikwaziyo ukuvuselela. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kudala imiphumela emibi yokuguguleka kwenhlabathi emhlabeni jikelele. Izici zokuguguleka kwenhlabathi zidala ukwehla kokuzala nokusetshenziswa okungenziwa ngomhlabathi oshiwo. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi kunamaketanga e-trophic anezici eziyinhloko ezincike ekukhiqizeni kwenhlabathi.
- Ezolimo ezijulile: Imayelana nomsebenzi womuntu ukukhiqiza izilimo ngejubane elikhulu. Ukwenza lokhu, kusetshenziswa imishanguzo yokubulala izinambuzane, yokubulala ukhula, umanyolo we-nitrogen nama-fungicides angcolisa inhlabathi. Ukulinywa ngokweqile kulezi zindawo nakho kudala ukuguguleka okulimazayo.
- Idlelo elibanzi: amadlelo enzelwe ukondla imfuyo. Uma izinkomo ziklaba endaweni ngokushesha okungavuseleleki, inhlabathi izolahlekelwa isivalo sayo semifino.
- Ukunisela okwenziwe: ukuchelela okufakelwayo kulimaza inhlabathi ngokugeleza komhlaba.
Phakathi kwemiphumela edalwe ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi sinoku okulandelayo:
- Ukungalingani kwemvelo.
- Ukulahleka kwezinhlobo eziphilayo kanye nokukhula kwezinhlobo ezingosomathuba.
- Ukulahleka kokuvunda kwenhlabathi nokusetshenziswa okwandayo komanyolo ngabalimi.
- Ukuncishiswa kwezitshalo nokunyamalala kwezinhlobo.
- Umswakama omncane unikelwe yizimbali.
- Ingozi eyengeziwe ye-rocklide.
- Ukulahleka kwesivuno somhlaba futhi kwenyuse izindleko zezitshalo.
- Ukuswela kwabantu basemaphandleni nokufudukela ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezici zokuguguleka kwenhlabathi nokuthi kunamiphi imiphumela.