Kuwo wonke umlando, abantu bazamile ukubikezela ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuxwayiswa kusengaphambili. Izimo zemvelo ezisezingeni elingavamile njengokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, izivunguvungu, izikhukhula, ukuzamazama komhlaba, i-tsunami, njll. Bekulokhu kuzanywa njalo ukuvimbela ukunciphisa imithelela kanye nomonakalo ongabangelwa. Siphikelele ekuzameni ukulawula noma ukwazi okungalawuleki noma okungalindelekile. Noma kunjalo, asikumi ukucabanga lokho kungcono ukusizakala ngokubonakaliswa okunemvelo futhi ukusizakale.
Sikhuluma ngazo zonke izehlakalo zemvelo ezingavamile engizibalulile ezikhipha inani elikhulu lamandla. Isibonelo, ezivunguvungwini zasezindaweni ezishisayo neziphepho, umoya uphatha amandla amakhulu kakhulu angasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla omoya. Ngabe umuntu uzisebenzisa kanjani izenzakalo zomhlaba?
Amandla akhishwa ngumoya
Eziphepho nasezivunguvungwini ezishisayo, umoya ovunguzayo ufinyelela ngesivinini esingu-257 km / h futhi imvula engaphezulu kwamalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalolunye. Ngala manani amanzi nomoya kukhiqizwa amandla amaningi kunazo zonke izikhali ze-athomu emhlabeni. Kungakho ososayensi bezama ukuthola indlela yokusebenzisa noma ukuthatha wonke lawo mandla nokuwagcina. Ngalokhu kufanele bathole okuthile ukuthi vumela ukudala ukumelana kokufakwa ngokwanele ukugcina wonke amandla akhiqizwayo futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukumelana nalezi zenzakalo ngaphandle kokubhujiswa.
Ngenxa yamandla omoya siyakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla omoya ukukhiqiza ugesi. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-wind turbines bekulokhu kugxilwe emimoyeni elinganiselayo. Ngamanye amagama, i-turbine yomoya ingasebenza kahle ngemimoya ecishe ibe ngu-90km / h. Ukusuka kulelo jubane, amandla omoya kungadala umonakalo omkhulu ezakhiweni, ngakho-ke akunanzuzo emimoyeni enamandla kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ama-turbine blade enzelwe imimoya elinganiselayo.
Isizathu sokuthi ukwakhiwa nokwenziwa kabusha kwemishini yomoya ekwazi ukumelana nemimoya yeziphepho asibekwanga eqhulwini ngoba ukusetshenziswa okugcina isikhathi kakhulu nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukwakhiwa kwemishini yomoya ekwazi ukweqa ama-90 km / h kuyathuthuka. Sekunama-turbine amaningana asethuthukile akwazi ukuxhasa isivinini esifinyelela ku-144 km / h.
Ngabe umonakalo wesiphepho ungancishiswa?
Enye yezinto esizama ukuyibheka ukukwazi ukumunca amandla akhiqizwa yisiphepho futhi ngasikhathi sinye sinciphise imithelela nomonakalo ongabangelwa yiso. Njengamanje isayensi iyakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi isiphepho sizokwakhiwa nini futhi kuphi. Ngakho-ke, isinyathelo esilandelayo abasidingayo ukwazi izinto zokwakha izakhiwo ezikwazi ukumelana nemimoya futhi zikwazi nokugcina amandla azo.
Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu, Abaphenyi baseStanford University (ECarlifonia, e-USA), phakathi kwabanye, benze izifundo kanye nokulingisa kule ndawo, kwaba nemiphumela emangazayo. Benze ukulingisa kokuthi ipulazi lomoya lingasebenza kanjani ebelikwazi ukugcina amandla eziphepho futhi limelane nalo ngaphandle kokuzibhubhisa. Baqhamuke nombono wokuthi uma befaka imishini ekhethekile yomoya enezinhlamvu ezingaba ngamamitha ayi-120 ububanzi futhi babekwa amamitha ayi-100 ngaphezu kolwandle, bazokwazi ukunciphisa amandla omoya wesiphepho ngesigamu, bamunce amandla izivunguvungu, zinciphisa isivinini somoya futhi zinciphisa amagagasi ngesigamu. Ngamanye amagama, ipulazi lomoya elilingana nalolu lingakwazi ukuphazamisa isivunguvungu ngoba belizophula i-loop yempendulo eyenza isiphepho sibe namandla futhi siqine.
Lawa maphrojekthi nemibono kumnandi kakhulu uma unikezwe ukuthi ukuphazamisa isiphepho kungaba yinto enhle kakhulu, kepha akusilo uhlelo olusebenzayo. Ukukwazi ukumisa amandla amangalisayo esiphepho kungadingeka ukufaka izinkulungwane zama-turbine. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi iphrojekthi ingafinyeleleki ngokombono wezomnotho, ngoba bekungeke kwenzeke. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kusebenze, ngokuzayo ukwakheka kwezikhungo kuzocatshangelwa kabusha, kwenziwe imishini yomoya emikhulu ukuze kuncishiswe inani lama-generator.