Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwezitshalo ezikwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha ngezinhlamvu. Imayelana ne- izitshalo ze-cryptogamic. Leli gama lisho ukukhiqizwa okufihliwe futhi livela esiGrekini. Ngokuthi ziyizitshalo ze-cryptogamic sikhombisa ukuthi azizali ngembewu. Kuleli qembu kuhlukaniswa izitshalo ezingezansi ezingenazo izakhiwo ezinye izitshalo ngokuvamile ezinazo, njengeziqu, izimpande, amaqabunga, izimbali noma imbewu. Futhi, izingxenye zazo zokuzala zifihliwe.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela zonke izici, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kanye nesifiso sezitshalo ze-cryptogamic.
Izici zezitshalo ze-cryptogamic
Uma sihlaziya lezi zitshalo ngomqondo obanzi, siyabona ukuthi izitshalo ze-cryptogamic yizo zonke ezikwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha ngezinhlamvu hhayi ngezimbewu. Ngenxa yalokho, ziyizitshalo ezinezingxenye zokuzala ezifihliwe. Kungakho igama layo lesiLatin. Iqembu lama-cryptogams libuye lithole ezinye izinto ezingeyona ingxenye yombuso wezitshalo.
Ezinye zezinto eziphilayo ezincishisiwe eqenjini lezitshalo ze-cryptogamic yi-cyanobacteria, ulwelwe oluhlaza, ubulembu nezinye izikhunta. Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi ku-taxonomy ngasinye salezi zidalwa singaphansi kwemibuso ehlukene. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi lapho siqoqa ama-cryptogams senza iqembu elenziwa ngokuphelele futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlamvu lwentela.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokuhlala kwezitshalo ze-cryptogamic
Sizobona ukuthi lunjani uhlobo lokukhiqiza lolu hlobo lwezitshalo olunalo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lezi zitshalo azinazo izinhlaka ezifanayo zemifino nezokuzala njengezitshalo eziningi zemeth. Zonke izitho zayo zokuzala zifihliwe. Ezinye zazo ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha ama-asexually ngezinhlamvu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi Azidingi esinye isidalwa ukuze zizale kabusha. Njengokuvela kokunwetshwa kungasho inzuzo ngoba iyidinga kusuka kwabanye abantu ukuze yande. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akunjalo impela.
Ezinye izinhlobo zama-cryptogams zinezizukulwane ezahlukahlukene ezishintshanayo phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwe-asexual nokwenziwa ngokocansi. Lesi sakamuva senziwa ngokuhlangana kwama-gametes engxenye yowesilisa nowesifazane, yingakho evela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, lezi zitshalo zingahlala ezindaweni zombili zasemanzini nasemhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, izitshalo zasemhlabeni ze-cryptogamic zingatholakala kaningi kunalezo zasemanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yizitshalo ezithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi nezinomswakama ukuze zikwazi ukukhula ezimeni ezinhle. Imvamisa zitholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophakeme nemisebe yelanga encane. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zitshalo zinezicubu ezingonakaliswa ithonya lelanga. Idinga indawo enomswakama ukuze iphile.
Leli qembu lezitshalo ze-cryptogamic sithola amaferns njengawukuphela kwawo futhi anohlelo lwemithambo. Kusho uhlelo lwe-vascular isebenzisa yona ukuze ikwazi ukuhambisa lonke uketshezi nezakhi zomzimba. Ezinye izitshalo ngaphakathi kweqembu zidinga umthombo wangaphandle wamanzi ukuze ziphile futhi zikhule.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Sizokhuluma ngomsoco odingwa yilezi zitshalo ukuze siphile. Ezinye zazo zingaqhuba i-photosynthesis ngokuya ngokuthi zikuphi. Lokho wukuthi, bayakwazi ukuzenzela okwabo ukudla. Izinto eziphilayo Bayakwazi ukukhiqiza ukudla kwabo bahlukaniswa njengama-autotrophs. Ngalesi sizathu, izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ze-cryptogamic zingenza ukudla kwazo. Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwendatshana, akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi lesi sigaba asiyona eyezentela, kepha yinto eyenziwe ngokuphelele.
Amanye amalungu eqembu le-cryptogam angazondla ngokwawo ngenxa yokusebenzisa imithombo yangaphandle. Ngalesi sizathu, yaziwa ngegama lama-heterotrophs. Kancane kancane, kunezinhlobo ezithile zezinto eziphilayo ezingakwazi ukumunca ngqo izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze zikhule zisuka kwesinye isidalwa. Lezi zinto eziphilayo zingondla nezakhi zomzimba ezifana nezinto eziphilayo ezifile. Lezi zitshalo ngokusobala ziqembu lezinto eziphilayo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukudala izici ezihlukile ezingasetshenziswa kuwo wonke amalungu aleli qembu.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-cryptogamic
Njengoba kunzima impela ukudala iqembu elihlanganisa zonke izici, sizohlukanisa okungamaqembu amakhulu ezitshalo ze-cryptogamic ezikhona.
Ama-Talophytes
Yilezo zitshalo eziseqenjini ezinesakhiwo esibizwa nge-thallus. Le thallus ayihlukanisi isitshalo noma izimpande, iziqu namaqabunga. Ngalesi sizathu, zithathwa njengezitshalo eziphansi ngoba zine-anatomy elula. Eqenjini lezitshalo ze-talophytic sithola iqembu le-polyphyletic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlangano ezakha leli qembu aziqhamuki kwa-Israyeli oyedwa ojwayelekile, kodwa zivela eziningana zazo. I-algae, isikhunta kanye nobulembu kutholakala eqenjini lama-talophytes.
AmaBryophytes
Yilezo ezingenaso isimiso semithambo esifanele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azinazo izakhiwo ezidalwe ngendlela ekhethekile yokuqhuba amanzi nezakhamzimba emzimbeni wonke. Yizitshalo, ikakhulukazi zasemhlabeni, ezidinga inani elikhulu lomswakama ukuze zisinde. Zizala ngendlela yezocansi. Kuleli qembu sithola ubulembu, ama-liverworts nama-anthoceras.
Ama-Pteridophytes
Ziyizitshalo ze-cryptogamic zezinguquko ezivele zikhona Futhi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zine-vascular system eyenziwe nge-xylem ne-phloem yokuqhuba izakhamzimba emzimbeni wonke. Umzimba walezi zitshalo wenziwe izimpande, iziqu, namaqabunga. Iningi lalezi zitshalo lisatshalaliswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Zitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo ziye ezindaweni ezinezintaba ezinomswakama. Kulesi sigaba kunezigaba ezi-4 eziyinhloko: i-psilopsida, i-lycopsida, i-sphenopsida ne-pteropsida.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezigaba ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo ezikhona emhlabeni wethu ngokuya ngezimpawu nangendlela yokuphila ezikulethayo. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezitshalo ze-cryptogamic, izici zazo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwazo.