I-Las izitshalo ezingavamile Yilezo ezinezici ezingavamile noma ezingavamile uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izitshalo zohlobo olufanayo noma umndeni. Lezi zitshalo zivame ukuba nokubukeka okuyingqayizivele futhi zivame ukuphawulwa ngemibala yazo engavamile, izimo, noma amaphethini.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici, ukunakekelwa kanye ne-curiosities yezitshalo ezingavamile.
Izici eziyinhloko
Esinye sezici eziphawulekayo zezitshalo ezingavamile ukutholakala kwazo noma ukuhluka kwazo. Lezi zitshalo zivame ukutholakala kanzima futhi zitholakala ezindaweni ezikude noma ezindaweni eziqondile kakhulu. Ezinye izitshalo ezingavamile zingase zibe sengozini yokushabalala ngenxa yokonakala kwendawo yazo yemvelo, ukuvunwa ngokweqile, noma ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ngaphezu kokungavamile kwazo, izitshalo ezingavamile zingabuye zibe nezindawo zokwelapha eziyingqayizivele. Izitshalo eziningi ezingavamile ziqukethe amakhemikhali amakhemikhali asetshenziswa emithini yesimanje ukwelapha izifo nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, isitshalo esingavamile i-Taxus baccata iqukethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i- taxol, esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ngamakhemikhali ukwelapha umdlavuza.
Esinye isici esivamile sezitshalo ezingavamile yikhono lazo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu. Eziningi zalezi zitshalo zikhula ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi empofu, izinga lokushisa elibi kakhulu, noma ukuphakama okuphezulu, futhi zenze izinguquko eziyingqayizivele ukuze ziphile kulezi zimo. Ezinye izitshalo ezingavamile zingase zibe nazo izimpande ezijulile noma umthamo omkhulu wokugcina amanzi, okubavumela ukuthi baphile ezindaweni ezomile.
Okokugcina, izitshalo ezingavamile zingaba izinkomba ezibalulekile zezempilo ye-ecosystem. Ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezitshalo ezithile ezingavamile kungase kube uphawu lokuqala lwezinguquko endaweni ezungezile, njengokungcola, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, noma ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Izitshalo ezingavamile babe izici eziyingqayizivele ukuthi zizenze zibe yigugu kokubili ngokombono wobuhle nesayensi. Nakuba kungase kube nzima ukuthola nokuvikela, lezi zitshalo zinganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nendawo ezungezile futhi zibe namandla okuhlinzeka ngemithi yokwelapha eyingqayizivele nephumelelayo.
Izibonelo zezitshalo ezingavamile
Kunezitshalo eziningi ezingavamile neziyingqayizivele emhlabeni wonke, ezinye zazo eziyivelakancane kakhulu futhi okunzima ukuzithola. Nazi izibonelo zezitshalo ezingavamile:
- I-Rafflesia arnoldii: Iyimbali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, edabuka e-Indonesia naseMalaysia. Inomjikelezo ongaphezu kwemitha elilodwa futhi ingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-11. Kodwa-ke, okungavamile kwayo ukuthi ayinazo izimpande, amaqabunga noma isiqu, ngoba iyi-parasite yesitshalo esibambayo.
- lithops: Lezi zitshalo ezincane ezinoshukela zitholakala eNingizimu Afrika futhi zaziwa ngokubukeka kwazo okufana namatshe. Isitshalo ngasinye sinamaqabunga amabili ahlanganisiwe afana netshe, awavumela ukuthi ahlangane futhi agweme ukutholwa izilwane ezidla uhlaza.
- I-Welwitschia mirabilis: Kuyisitshalo esiyingqayizivele esitholakala kuphela ogwadule lwaseNamib eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika. Ingaphila iminyaka eyizi-2.000 30, futhi amaqabunga ayo akhula ngokuqhubekayo kukho konke ukuphila kwawo. Amaqabunga ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye ezimbili futhi agobe phansi, futhi izimpande zawo zinde kakhulu, zikwazi ukufinyelela ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-XNUMX lapho zifuna amanzi.
- Nepenthes rajah: Iwuhlobo lwezitshalo ezidla inyama ezidabuka e-Borneo, futhi inoxhaka lwezinambuzane olukhulu kunanoma yisiphi isitshalo esidla inyama. Amaqabunga awo amise okwembiza, futhi angaba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30 ubude futhi abambe kufika ku-3 amalitha oketshezi. Lapho isinambuzane siwela embizeni, siyaminza futhi sigaywe ama-enzyme alesi sitshalo.
- I-Amorphophallus titanum: Eyaziwa nangokuthi "imbali yesidumbu," isitshalo esidabuka eSumatra futhi sidume ngephunga laso lenyama ebolile esiyikhiphayo uma iqhakaza. Imbali ingafinyelela kumamitha ama-3 ubude namamitha ayi-1,5 ububanzi, futhi ithathwa njengembali enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa zezitshalo ezingandile neziyingqayizivele ezikhona emhlabeni wonke. Ngamunye wabo unezici eziyingqayizivele nezihehayo ezibenza bakhetheke futhi bafanele ukunconywa.
ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezingavamile
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezingavamile kungahluka kuye ngezinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, lezi zitshalo ngokuvamile zidinga ukunakekelwa okubucayi nokuqondile kunezitshalo ezivamile.
- I-Rafflesia arnoldii: Ngenxa yokuthi iyi-parasite, ayidingi inhlabathi noma ilanga eliqondile. Kunalokho, idinga isitshalo sokusingatha ukuze iphile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokunakekela i-Rafflesia arnoldii iwukuvakashela endaweni yayo yemvelo futhi uyiyeke ikhule ngokuthula.
- lithops: Lezi zitshalo ezinoshukela zidinga ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nokunisela okuncane kakhulu. Kufanele zigcinwe ku-substrate ekhishwe kahle futhi zivikeleke emvuleni. Ebusika, lapho amazinga okushisa ehla, kufanele agcinwe endaweni evikelekile nefudumele.
- I-Welwitschia mirabilis: Ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo sasogwadule, sidinga i-substrate ekhanywe kahle kakhulu namanzi amancane. Kufanele igcinwe endaweni enelanga eliningi eliqondile futhi ivikelwe emoyeni. Ebusika, lapho amazinga okushisa ehla, kufanele agcinwe endaweni evikelekile nefudumele.
- nepenthes rajah: Izitshalo ezidla inyama zidinga indawo enomswakama nefudumele. Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni engaphansi ekhanyiswe kahle futhi zigcine inhlabathi imanzi, kodwa ngaphandle kokuma. Badinga futhi ilanga eliqondile, kodwa hhayi elinamandla kakhulu. Futhi, kufanele baphakelwe izinambuzane ezincane ukuze bagcine isicupho sakho sisebenza kahle.
- I-Amorphophallus titanum: Lezi zitshalo zidinga i-substrate enomsoco, ekhishwe kahle futhi ichelela ngokulingene. Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni enokukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile futhi endaweni efudumele nenomswakama. Lapho isitshalo siqhakaza, kubalulekile ukuthi ungayithinti noma ungayinyakazi imbali, njengoba ibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi ingalimala kalula.
Ngokuvamile, izitshalo ezingavamile zingaba buthakathaka kunezitshalo ezivamile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukucwaninga izidingo zakho ezithile ngaphambi kokuthenga. Ngale ndlela, ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kunganikezwa ukuze zikhule futhi zithuthuke ngendlela efanele.
Njengoba ubona, ngokunakekelwa okuthile kanye nokuqapha ungaba nalezi zitshalo ezingavamile ekhaya lakho. Ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ukuzithola ngenxa yokungatholakali kwazo, kodwa kuwufanele uma ukwazi ukugcina ezinempilo. Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezitshalo ezingavamile nezici zazo.