Uma sikhuluma ngemithelela ehlukile yezemvelo abantu abayidalayo emhlabeni wethu futhi sibhekisa ekulahlekelweni kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo, imvamisa sicabanga ngezilwane. Noma kunjalo, kukhona futhi izimbali ezingasekho kokubili ngokwemvelo nangenxa yabantu. Izimbali ezingasekho yilokho okunyamalale ebusweni bomhlaba ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
Kule ndatshana sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izizathu zokuthi kungani ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nezinye izinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho zinganyamalala.
Izizathu zokwehla kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Siyazi ukuthi ukwehla kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingeni lomhlaba kuyinkinga esibhekene nayo nokuthi kuzoba kubi kakhulu nsuku zonke. Kunokuhlukahluka okuningi okuyikho okwenza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kuchume. Ukuhluka okufana nesimo sendawo yokuhlala, izimo zezulu, insimu, njll. Omunye wemithelela yezemvelo eyenziwa ngabantu emisebenzini yabo futhi ethinta kakhulu ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kungukuhlasela kwendawo yemvelo yezitshalo nezilwane.
Indawo yokuhlala yindawo lapho lezi zinhlobo zithuthukisa impilo yazo. Uma okwenziwa ngabantu kwehlisa noma kubhubhisa leyo ndawo yokuhlala, abantu bangathinteka kabi. Ukunyamalala kwendawo okuhlala kuyo ngokwemvelo kusho ukuthi uhlobo alukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo bese luyafa. Uma kufa inani elikhulu labantu, ukuzala kuyancipha futhi kancane kancane kugcina sekuyinhlobo ehlukile. Lokhu kwenzeke enanini elikhulu lezinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho namuhla ngenxa yemithelela yabantu.
Izinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho
Kumele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingasekho ezisuswe yizimbangela zemvelo. Futhi imvelo ayilungisiwe, kepha iyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo. Kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nezinguquko ezehlukene zemvelo kanti ezinye zimbi kakhulu. Lokho okungahambisani kahle kugcina ngokufa nokunyamalala. Kunezigaba eziningana zezimbali ezingasekho:
- Izimbali ezingapheli endle: lesi simila ngesinye esingasekho endaweni yaso yemvelo. Lokho wukuthi, akusho ukuthi asikho isifanekiso salolu hlobo emhlabeni, kepha ukuthi akekho umuntu emvelweni. Iningi labantu ligcinwa ngabantu ezindaweni zokuhlala noma emabhange ezimbewu.
- Izimbali ezingasekho endaweni yazo yemvelo: kunezinhlobo zezimbali ezingaba ngisho nomhlaba wonke. I-Cosmopolitan ukuthi indawo yayo yokusatshalaliswa ihamba cishe yonke iplanethi. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yezici zombili zemvelo nezimbangela zomuntu, isitshalo singanyamalala ku-ecosystem ethile, kepha hhayi emhlabeni wonke.
- Izimbali ezingasekho: leli igama lezinhlobo zezimbali umuntu wazo wokugcina onyamalale ngokuphelele ebusweni bomhlaba. Kulokhu, ayikho indlela yokuthola izinhlobo njengoba kungekho muntu ezindaweni zombili zemvelo nezokuzenzela.
Izinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho
Phakathi kwezitshalo esevele zashabalala sithola izimbali, izihlahla, izihlahlana nezinye izinhlobo zohlaza ezakha imvelo yethu kudala. Ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, sezivele zingakhula zibuyele emhlabathini wethu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iningi lezinto eziphilayo esizozibala futhi sizichaze ziphela kuphela kwamanye amazwe. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinhlobo zezitshalo ezingasekho:
- ENesiota: Kuyizinhlobo zezimbali ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi isihlahla somnqumo saseSanta Helena. Kwakuyisihlahla somdabu esivela esiqhingini esingenamagama esise-Atlantic Ocean. Kuyingxenye yesibalo esikhulu sezitshalo ezanyamalala ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo yazo. Njengoba babengenakuphila kulezi zimo, bancipha baze bagcina ngokunyamalala.
- I-Paschalococos isakazeka: igama layo elijwayelekile nguPalma de Rapa Nui. Yisitshalo okwakungeseChile futhi ukuqothulwa kwaso kwenzeka ngo-1650. Ngalesi sikhathi lezi zihlahla zazigawulwa zenziwe izikebhe. Njengoba kunesidingo esikhulu sezikebhe, laba bantu bagcina ngokunyamalala.
- I-Sophora toromiro: yisihlahlana seqembu lezimbali ezingasekho. Ngokuqondile, yizinhlobo ze-arboreal ezingafinyelela cishe kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama futhi isiqu saso silinganiswe cishe ngamasentimitha angama-3.
- I-Astragalus algerianus: Lolu hlobo luhlobo lwesitshalo se-herbaceous esidabuka e-Afrika, yize kubhekwa njengezilwane ezingasekho eSpain. Ngenye yezinhlobo esingazithola esihlabathini futhi kuvame kakhulu eMorocco naseTunisia.
- I-Astragalus baionensis: kuyisitshalo ikakhulukazi esivela eSpain naseFrance futhi sivamile ezindaweni ezinesihlabathi. Ingesinye sezinhlobo zakamuva zezimbali ezingasekho ezweni lethu. Futhi yahlukaniswa njengeyaphela eSpain ngo-2018.
- I-Araucaria mirabilis: kuyinhlobo etholakala ePatagonia. Kungumuthi owawungowohlobo lwe-conifers futhi wawuningi impela emhlabeni wethu. Sibe khona emhlabeni wethu cishe iminyaka eyizigidi eziyi-160.
Ezinye izinhlobo
Sizoqhubeka nohlu lwezinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho nezizathu zokuthi kungani zinyamalele:
- UFranklinia: Kutholakala endaweni yaseGeorgia futhi ngesinye sezitshalo ezingasekho endle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isinda kuphela ezindaweni zabantu ngendlela yokulima yokuhlobisa. Ngeke ukwazi ukuthola noma isiphi isifanekiso salolu hlobo ngokwemvelo. Kusukela ngo-1803 yanyamalala ngokwemvelo ngenxa yokonakala okuqhubekayo kwendawo yayo yemvelo.
- UNormania nava: Luhlobo oluvela ezweni lethu futhi lwalwaziwa ngegama leTomatillo de Tenerife. I-semi-shrub yemitha elilodwa ubude eyanyamalala ngenxa ye-biology yayo yokuzala eyinkimbinkimbi. Lolu hlobo luyisibonelo esicacile sokubona ezinye zezinhlobo zezimbali ezingasekho zinyamalale ngoba azikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesimo semvelo.
- ULaelia gouldiana: Kubonakala ngokuba yimbali ebukekayo efana nama-orchid. Ingesinye sezitshalo ezingasekho eMexico futhi sasaziwa kakhulu ngokuba namacembe ansomi namaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani. Kwakuyisitshalo esidabuka esifundazweni saseHidalgo.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezinye zezinhlobo zezimbali ezaziwa kakhulu ezingasekho nokuthi kungani zanyamalala.