Izingwadule ziyizindawo ezivamile zemvelo emhlabeni wethu, okungenzeka kuzo zombili izimo zezulu ezishisayo (izingwadule ezishisayo) nezibandayo (eziyiqhwa) futhi zibonakala ngokuntuleka okukhulu komswakama. Kulezi zindawo, imvula ayivamile noma ayikho, ngakho inhlabathi iyomile, yomile futhi iqinile. Nokho, lokhu akuvimbeli ukuba khona kwezitshalo nezilwane, okungukuthi, izitshalo kanye izilwane zasogwadule zijwayelane nezimo zokuphila ezinzima kangaka.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici nezindlela zokuphila kwezilwane zasogwadule.
Izilwane zasogwadule
Ngokuphambene nalokho okwakucatshangwa, izilwane zasogwadule azivamile, nakuba zingahluka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ziqhathaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zezidalwa ezihlala kwezinye izindawo njengamahlathi namahlathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlaza lwasogwadule lunamanzi amancane okufanele luchume, ngakho lukhula kancane, futhi luvame ukungabi namaqabunga, ngakho-ke. izilwane zinethuba elincane lokuzivikela elangeni nasemoyeni. Umoya, okuwumthombo omkhulu wokuguguleka kwenhlabathi.
Izilwane zasogwadule ziyingxenye yezilwane ezimangalisayo zeplanethi yethu, futhi zithintwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokungcola njenganoma iyiphi enye into ephilayo kunoma iyiphi enye indawo, njengoba ziye zajwayelana nezimo zokuphila zazo zamanje phakathi nezigidi zeminyaka. . Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ogwadule, ngenhlanhla yabo, ukuphila komuntu kuyindlala.
Ikhamela
Iqhubu likamela liqukethe amafutha abalulekile okugcina amandla omzimba. Ikamela liyisilwane esiyisakhiwo sodumo sasendaweni yasogwadule. Zijwayele izimo zokuphila ezinzima zalezi zindawo kangangokuthi zingakwazi phuza cishe amalitha angu-180 amanzi ngesikhathi futhi ukhuphuke kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingu-10 ngaphandle kokunambitha iconsi.
Zine-hump yesici phakathi kwemihlane yazo futhi ingaba lula (i-dromedary) noma i-dromedary (ikamela le-Bactrian). Okubizwa ngokuthi i-hump, ngokuphambene nalokho okucatshangwayo, akuyona indawo yokugcina amanzi, kodwa amafutha abalulekile okugcina amandla omzimba. Kuyisilwane esikwazi ukumelana namabanga amade, yingakho sisetshenziswa abantu base-Sahara kanye nezindawo ezizungezile njengesilwane esiyipaki.
Scorpion
Ofezela bayesaba inyamazane yabo ngokujova isihlungu emisileni yabo ngezintisi zabo. Amaketanga okudla ogwadule awasizi ngalutho kunakwezinye izindawo ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo zezilwane azivamile futhi izilwane ezidla ezinye azivamile ukuthola ithuba lesibili. Ngokwalesi sizathu, abazingeli, njengofezela, baye bavela ukuze babambe inyamazane yabo bengalindele futhi bajove ubuthi emigogodleni emisileni yabo noma ngokubamba inyamazane ngezinsimbi eziqinile ebunzini. Lawa ma-arachnid agcwele ezindaweni zasogwadule, kuhlanganise nezinye zezinhlobo ezinobuthi kakhulu ezaziwayo.
I-Rattlesnake
I-Rattlesnake Venom iyingozi kunazo zonke izinyoka zaseNyakatho Melika. Ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezisogwadule lwaseMelika, nakuba izindawo zayo ezithandwayo zingasogwini futhi zinezinkuni, le nyoka yaziwa ngomsindo ewenza ngomsila wayo, onomsindo okhencezayo ekugcineni, lapho ithola khona igama layo.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ama-rattlesnake angakhula aze afike ku-2,5 amamitha ubude futhi abe nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-4. Ubuthi bayo obunobuthi obunamandla egazini buyingozi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinyoka zaseNyakatho Melika.
Inja yaseDingo
Ama-Dingoes ayizinhlobo ezincane zezimpisi. Le canid evela enyakatho ye-Australia ibeka usongo lwangempela ezinganeni nasezilwaneni ezifuywayo njengoba, naphezu kokuba isakhamuzi sasogwadule, Ijwayele ukuya ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ifuna ukudla.
Kwakuyi-subspecies yempisi enoboya obuphuzi futhi izici ezifana nezinja zesimanje. Iningi lempilo yabo iba ngabodwa, kodwa ngesinye isikhathi bakha amaqembu anhloso yawo kuwukuhlangana nokuzalana.
intshe eSahara
Intshe yaseSahara iyisilwane esisengozini enkulu yokushabalala.. Eyaziwa nangokuthi intshe enentamo ebomvu, iyisakhamuzi esivamile ezindaweni ezinotshani nezingwadule zaseNyakatho Afrika. Inamandla kunawo wonke ama-subspecies entshe, ekwazi kakhulu ukumelana nokuntuleka kwamanzi, kanye nomgijimi oshesha kakhulu.
Igama layo lithola embala obomvana entanyeni nasemilenzeni, kodwa bonke uboya bayo bumnyama kanti izichotho zamaphiko zigcwele ezimhlophe. Nokho, iyisilwane esisengozini yokushabalala okusele izibonelo ezimbalwa nje.
coyote
Eyaziwa kakhulu ngokubukeka kwayo kopopayi, i-coyote iyisilwane esidla inyama esihlala ogwadule lwaseNyakatho neMelika Ephakathi. Izimpungushe ziyizidalwa ezihlala zodwa eziphila cishe iminyaka eyisithupha, banoboya obumpunga obumboza imizimba ezacile ngendlela engavamile, futhi uma uwabuka nje babonakala bengondlekile. Kodwa-ke, ukudla kwayo kuyi-omnivorous futhi ingadla izithelo, i-carrion, izinhlobo ezincane, udoti wamaqabunga kanye nezinambuzane ezincane.
Izici zezilwane zasogwadule
Izilwane eziningi zicasha ngaphansi kwesihlabathi zifuna ukusha ekujuleni. Ezigidini zeminyaka yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izilwane zasogwadule ziye zashintsha amandla ahlukahlukene ngokomzimba, amakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, noma okuziphatha azivumela ukuba ziphile futhi zizalane ezindaweni eziyinselele ezifana nezingwadule. Ayihlukahlukene futhi ayiningi kakhulu kunezinye izidalwa eziphila emhlabeni, futhi yakhiwe ikakhulukazi izinambuzane, ama-arachnid, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoni nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ngokuvamile ezincane.
Eziningi zalezi zilwane zihamba ebusuku., lapho ilanga lishona futhi izinga lokushisa lehla kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bacasha phakathi nosuku phakathi kwezitshalo eziningi kakhulu (i-cactus nezihlahla) noma ngaphansi kwesihlabathi, befuna ukupholisa ekujuleni. Kuvamile futhi ukuthi babe ne-insulation ukuze bazivikele elangeni nasekomeni, noma ukugcina amanzi ezithweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwamanzi.
Uma kubhekwa okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-organic matter, ukudlondlobala kwezilwane ezidla inyama kanye nama-scavengers kwaziwa kahle; ngokuqondene nezilwane ezidla uhlaza, imizulane kanye nama-vagabonds.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezilwane zasogwadule, izici zazo nezindlela zokuphila.