Siyazi ukuthi abantu bandise ububanzi babo emhlabeni wonke ngesilinganiso esisheshayo. Kusukela ekuguqulweni kwezimboni senze ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba yaba semadolobheni futhi ngemisebenzi yethu yokukhiqiza sigcina sesingcolisa izinhlelo zemvelo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuhlukumezayo nokungabambeki kwemithombo yemvelo akulimazi impilo yomhlaba kuphela, kodwa futhi kubhubhisa izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi kuzenze zinyamalale unomphela. Ohlwini lwe izilwane ezingasekho Sekuvele kunenqwaba yezilwane nezitshalo ezinyamalale ngokuphelele kule planethi ngenxa yethu.
Ngakho-ke, sizobuyekeza ezinye zezinhlobo zezilwane ezingasekho ezingakhunjulwa nje kuphela nokuthi ngeke siphinde sikwazi ukuzibona emhlabeni wethu.
Imithelela yezemvelo yabantu
Abantu bakhipha izinsiza zemvelo ukuzisebenzisela imisebenzi yethu yokukhiqiza, noma ngabe kusembonini noma ekusetshenzisweni. Siyazi ukuthi, ngokwemvelo, abantu badinga imithombo yemvelo ukuze bakwazi ukuzondla futhi bathuthuke njengohlobo oluthile. Kodwa-ke, sesifinyelele eqophelweni lobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo sokudla okuphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba sigcina sesibhubhisa konke esidlula kukho.
Inkinga enkulu ilele ekusetshenzisweni kwamafutha ezimbiwa njengomthombo wamandla. Lawa mafutha akhiqiza inani elikhulu lokungcola komoya okudala izinkinga ezinkulu, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokushisa komhlaba. Ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo, abantu bajabulela ukuvikeleka kokudla, ukufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile nezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo nayo isiza ekulawuleni isimo sezulu nokunqanda ukungcoliswa komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yemisebenzi yethu, leli bhalansi lisongelwa ngendlela yokuthi abantu bazoba nezinkinga zokuthola ukudla namandla.
Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezinto akuyona into engajwayelekile, kepha kukhona inhlangano ebhekele ukukala umthelela wezemvelo ezilwaneni ezingasekho. IZizwe Ezihlangene (UN) zixwayise ngokuthi izinhlobo eziyi-150 ziyanyamalala nsuku zonke. Ngokombiko wango-2019 wesimo sezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni, ama-25% ezilwane nezitshalo ezihlaziyiweyo asengozini yokuqothulwa kanti ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela yamazwe asemkhankasweni wokufeza izinhloso zawo zezinto eziphilayo.
Lokhu kulahleka okuxokozelayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kwenza kube nzima ngabalondolozi bemvelo ukuhlola ukwehla kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukuze sivikele ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo yethu, kudingeka sibheje ngokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Kunezigidi zezinyathelo zokuvikela imvelo njengokufuya kwezilwane ekuthunjweni ukuze zikusebenzise esikhathini esizayo. inkululeko, ukwenziwa kweziqiqi, ukulwa nokushushumbiswa kwezilwane, njll.
Izilwane ezingasekho
Okokuqala kunakho konke ukwazi ukuthi izilwane ezingasekho zisho ukuthini. Uhlobo oluthile luthathwa njengokushabalala ngokuphelele lapho isampula lokugcina elaziwayo lifa ngaphandle kokushiya izindlalifa zofuzo. Inganekwane yomthetho weminyaka engama-50 iqhubekile, kepha empeleni awukho umkhawulo othile. Lo mthetho ukhombisa ukuthi uma kungekho zinhlobo ezibonakalayo ngaleso sikhathi, kungathathwa njengokushabalala. Ukunquma ukuthi ngabe uhlobo luhluke ngokuphelele yini kuyinkimbinkimbi. Kwesinye isikhathi, kutholwe ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane ezazithathwa njengezihlukile, into eyaziwa ngokuthi yitekisi likaLazaru.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukunyamalala kohlobo, kubalulekile ukwazi kahle uhlu olubomvu lwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Lo mbhalo, owethulwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-XNUMX eyedlule, ubulokhu uqoqa imininingwane kochwepheshe bezazi zezinto eziphilayo, abalondolozi bemvelo kanye nezibalo zokuqopha isimo sokongiwa kwezinto eziphilayo.
Izinhlobo zezilwane ezingasekho
Akuzona zonke izilwane ezinyamalala ngokuphelele ezenza kanjalo ngendlela efanayo. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqothulwa okungahlukaniswa ngokwendlela uhlobo oluthile lokuphila olugcina lunyamalale ngayo. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinhlobo:
- Ukuqothulwa kwe-Phyletic: Imayelana naleyo nhlobo eyanyamalala eyenza ukuthi kube khona okuguquke kakhulu. Uhlobo lokuqala luthathwa njengokhokho futhi kubhekwa njengokushabalala uma selumelana nabantu abanezakhi zofuzo ezifanayo. Noma kunjalo, uhlu lwakhe lozalo luyaqhubeka. Akukho ukukhula noma ukwehla kokuhluka okuphelele.
- Ukuqothulwa kwesikhumulo: kuwuhlobo oluphela ngaphandle kokushiya inzalo ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, inani lokwehluka okuphelele liyancipha. Ngokulandelayo, ingahlukaniswa yizinhlobo ezimbili: ukuqothulwa kwesizinda sangemuva. Yisinye esidala ukunyamalala okuqhubekayo futhi sizoqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapha abantu bayanyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaba ngezimbangela zemvelo noma zomuntu. Ukuqothulwa okukhulu kwetheminali: yikhona okwenzeka emhlabeni jikelele nange-trigger efanayo. Kumele kube yimbangela ebangela ukuqothulwa okusheshayo futhi kuthinte inani lezinto ezingahlobene. Lapha sinesibonelo esicacile sokuqothulwa kwama-dinosaurs.
Izimbangela zokuqothulwa kwezilwane
Kumele sazi ukuthi izilwane zingaphela ngokuphelele ngokwemvelo noma ngokushintsha kwezimo zemvelo. Izilwane nezitshalo kufanele zivumelane nezinguquko ezimweni zemvelo lapho zihlala khona. Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezijwayela kangcono kunezinye futhi zikwazi ukuqhubeka nezinhlobo zazo. Noma kunjalo, abanye abakwenzi ngendlela efanayo. Kumele sazi ukuthi ngaphezu kwama-99% azo zonke izinto ezake zaphila emhlabeni wethu azisekho.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela ezinkulu zezilwane ezingasekho:
- Izimo zabantu kanye nezofuzo: izinhlobo zingabantu abancane abasengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhetha kwemvelo kungahlasela ngokujule kakhulu futhi azikho izakhi zofuzo ezanele zokuzivumelanisa ngokwengeziwe.
- Ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zasendle: Lesi sici sibangelwa ikakhulu izimbangela zabantu. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezinsizakusebenza zasemhlabeni nezasolwandle kudala ukonakala kwemvelo yemvelo yezinhlobo zasendle.
- Isingeniso sezinhlobo ezihlaselayo: Izinhlobo ezihlaselayo ezifakwe ohlelweni lwezemvelo ngokuziqambela, ngamabomu noma ngephutha zikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kokuhlukahluka okukhona. Izakhamizi ezintsha zisusa izinhlobo zomdabu ezingaphela.
- Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu: ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa aphakathi komhlaba kubangela ushintsho kumandla womkhathi. Konke lokhu kuzoba nomthelela emvuleni, izinga lokushisa, isomiso, izikhukhula, njll.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezilwane ezingasekho nezinhlobo zazo.