Ukunciphisa umthelela wendawo kungaqala kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezindlu nezakhiwo. Ukunakekela lezi zici yi- ukwakheka kwemvelo. Kuwuhlobo lwezakhiwo eziklama amakhaya nezakhiwo ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wendawo futhi kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele imithombo yemvelo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana nezici zezakhiwo zemvelo, izinzuzo nezinzuzo zemvelo.
Iyini i-ecological architecture
Izakhiwo eziluhlaza wuhlobo lokuklanywa kwezakhiwo nezindawo ezicabangela umthelela ezinawo endaweni. Kuwuhlobo lokwakha olufuna ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokwakha. kanye nomgomo wabo omkhulu uwukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, amanzi kanye nezinto zokwakha.
Ukuze kuzuzwe isakhiwo semvelo, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa, ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisimeme nezivuselelekayo, ukukhulisa amandla okusebenza kahle, ukusetshenziswa kokungena komoya wemvelo kanye nezinhlelo zomoya, ukuqoqwa nokusetshenziswa kwelanga nomoya. amandla. , kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza ngendlela efanele.
Futhi, ifuna izixazululo zokudala neziqanjiwe zokunciphisa lo mthelela. Lokhu kungasukela ekusebenziseni izinto ezigaywe kabusha kanye nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo, kuye ekudaleni izindawo eziluhlaza futhi kuhlanganiswe namasu okwakha endabuko kanye nesimeme.
Izici eziyinhloko
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwemvelo kanye nomoya omncane. Lokhu kufezwa ngokuklama izakhiwo ezivumela ukukhanya kwemvelo okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka, okusiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi nokudala indawo ejabulisayo nenempilo yabantu abahlala kuzo. Ngokufanayo, amasistimu okungenisa umoya aklanyelwe ukusebenzisa imithombo yemvelo, njengomoya, ukuze akhe ukujikeleza komoya okusiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa elinethezekile nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
I-architecture yemvelo nayo igxile ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwamanzi. Lokhu kusho ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokuqoqa amanzi emvula ukuze aphinde asetshenziswe emisebenzini engaphuzeki njengokunisela izingadi noma ukuhlanza. Inhloso eyinhloko ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphuza ezakhiweni ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulondoloza amanzi, njengompompi namashawa asebenzisa kancane.
Esinye isici se-ecological architecture ukudalwa kwezikhala eziluhlaza kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Izakhiwo eziluhlaza zingabandakanya izingadi nezindawo eziluhlaza ezisiza ukunciphisa umphumela wesiqhingi sokushisa futhi zidale indawo ejabulisa kakhulu yabantu abahlala kuzo. Lezi zindawo zingase futhi zisetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, ngokudala izindawo zokuhlala zezilwane zendawo noma ukutshalwa kwezitshalo zomdabu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisimeme
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezilungele imvelo ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza amaphrojekthi esimeme wezindlu. Izinkuni cishe ingenye yezakhiwo ezidume kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo. Kodwa-ke, sinezinto ezingajwayelekile kodwa ezisebenza ngokulinganayo nezisimeme njenge-cellulose, uqalo noboya.
Kodwa-ke, kunesici esingadumile kangako kodwa esisetshenziswa kabanzi kule sakhiwo esimeme. Sikhuluma ngokhokho. Kuyi-insulator enkulu eshisayo ne-acoustic, ekhishwe ngokuqondile emagxolweni ezihlahla, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuzisika. Kulolu hlobo lwezakhiwo ngokuvamile luhlelwa ngamaphaneli.
Ngokufanayo, into ebalulekile ekwakheni ukudweba, isici kakhulu kulawa maphrojekthi asimeme, njengoba kusetshenziswa okuhlukile kwemvelo, ehlanganisa izakhi zezitshalo noma zamaminerali ezikhethwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wendawo futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lomoya lesakhiwo.
Izinzuzo zezakhiwo eziluhlaza
Izinzuzo zezakhiwo eziluhlaza ziningi futhi zihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, ngokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wezakhiwo, ufaka isandla ekuvikelweni kwemvelo futhi ukhuthaze umhlaba ozinzile futhi onempilo kubantu nemvelo.
Izakhiwo eziluhlaza zivame ukonga amandla, Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngakho-ke kubiza kancane ezikweletini zikagesi negesi. Zingase futhi zibe ngcono kubahlali bakho, njengoba zenzelwe ukwandisa ukukhanya kwemvelo nokujikeleza komoya omusha, okungasiza ekunciphiseni izinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nekhwalithi yomoya ephansi kanye nokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo.
Enye inzuzo yezakhiwo eziluhlaza ukuthi ingasiza ekudaleni izindawo ezimnandi nezinethezekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izakhiwo eziluhlaza zivame ukuqaphela kakhulu isimo sezulu nendawo ezikuyo, futhi zenzelwe ukusizakala ngezinzuzo zemvelo zendawo ngayinye. Isibonelo, isakhiwo esiluhlaza esitholakala endaweni eshisayo singase sibe nomoya omncane wemvelo kanye ne-shading ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elikhululekile ngaphandle kwesidingo se-air conditioning.
Akunakuphikiswa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezakhiwo kwandisa ukusungula kanye nobuciko ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo. Ngokufuna izixazululo ezisimeme nezisebenza kahle, abaklami bezakhiwo kanye nabaklami bangathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha nezindlela ezisiza ukudala umhlaba ozinzile nojabulisayo kubo bonke.
isidingo samanje
Eminyakeni yamuva, U-42% wabadwebi bezakhiwo uveze ukuthi ayanda amakhasimende akhetha izindlu eziluhlaza ezisimeme futhi bayaqaphela ukuthi isidingo siyisici esikhulu esithonya izinqubo zabo zokwakha ezizinzile. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bezimboni bakholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi amakhasimende abo acele izakhiwo eziluhlaza noma izindawo zokuhlala ukuqwashisa okukhulayo kokuvikelwa kwemvelo phakathi kwezakhamuzi.
Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthuthukiswa kokuklama okusimeme ngo-2008, okuholela ekwamukelweni okukhulu phakathi kwabadwebi bezakhiwo. Kulokhu kungatholakala ukuthi laba ochwepheshe babonwa njengabadwebi bezakhiwo abasimeme noma bezemvelo.
Ochwepheshe abaningi ngokwengeziwe kule mboni bajoyina ukwakhiwa kwalolu hlobo lwamaphrojekthi esimeme we-eco-housing, njengoba sebebonile ukuthi umkhuba walo mklamo. ikhuphuke kakhulu ngenxa yesidingo esinamandla samakhasimende. Ngaphandle kwezindlu, iSpain iye yakha amagugu ezakhiwo ezisimeme eminyakeni yamuva, ngakho yonke into ikhomba ukwanda esikhathini esizayo.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezakhiwo zemvelo nezici zayo.