Umuntu unezindlela eziningi zokonga amanzi ukuze ahlinzekwe, ukuchelela, izimboni nokunye ukusetshenziswa. Isethi yawo wonke amanzi esiwagcinile yaziwa njenge inqolobane yokubacindezela. Lesi siqiwu samanzi sihlukaniswe ikakhulu phakathi kwamanzi angaphezulu namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Amanzi angaphezulu agcinwa emadamini nasezixhaphozini nasemithonjeni yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba emanzini nasemithonjeni.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini indawo yokugcina amanzi nokubaluleka kwayo.
Iyini indawo yokugcina amanzi wokubacindezela
Uma sihlaziya umjikelezo wamanzi siyabona ukuthi kunokungena nokuphuma kwawo. Ibhalansi isiyonke kufanele ibe nephutha futhi sifuna ukugcina amanzi amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinemithombo yokungena kwamanzi ngemvula noma imvula noma iqhwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinemithombo yokukhipha okunguhwamuko nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Kunemisebenzi eminingi yabantu edinga inani elikhulu lamanzi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sigcine amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka kokubili emanzini angaphezulu nasemanzini angaphansi komhlaba.
Iqoqo lawo wonke amanzi agcinwa ngabantu laziwa njengendawo yokugcina amanzi. Lesi siqiwu samanzi sincike emvuleni nasemandleni okugcina endaweni ngayinye.Amanye amadamu amancane, amachibi nemifula futhi asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okwehlukile. Okunye kokusetshenziswa okudinga amanzi amaningi ezolimo. Amanzi amaningi avela emifuleni, iziqukathi neminye imithombo yamanzi asetshenziselwa ukunisela izitshalo.
Siphinde futhi sibe nohlobo lokugcina amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba. Ihambisana nemifula yamanzi. Lawa yimigodi engaphansi komhlaba lapho kugcinwa khona inani elikhulu lamanzi phakathi kwamatshe. La manzi angakhishwa ekwakheni imithombo nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhishwa kwamanzi. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-geomorphology olukhona endaweni ngayinye, kungahle kube ukuthi indawo yokugcina amanzi ibhekiswe kakhulu emanzini angaphezulu noma emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Kuya ngemvula nesimo sezulu lapho sikhona.
Ukuzama ukugcina amanzi lapho kunesimo sezulu esomile khona akufani nokwesivunguvungu. Ukuphathwa kwamanzi kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhlukile kuye ngezindawo zesimo sezulu. Ukuphathwa kwamanzi akufani naseningizimu yeSpain njengasenyakatho. INingizimu yeSpain yomile kakhulu futhi inesimo sezulu esihlukile. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokulawulwa kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele.
Isigcinalwazi esingaphezulu komhlaba
Amaxhaphozi
Indawo yokugcina amanzi yaseSpain ihlukaniswe yaba izitsha kanye namaxhaphozi. Leli gama livame ukudideka njengoba zombili zibhekisa ekugcineni kwamanzi ngaphezulu. Ixhaphozi yiwo wonke umhlaba obhekwa njengogcwele ukumbozwa ngamanzi nangezihlahla nezimila zasemanzini. Cishe kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica, kunezixhaphozi. Imvamisa zitholakala ezindaweni eziphansi noma eduze nemifula noma amachibi. Yimithombo eyinhloko ekuhlinzeka ngamanzi.
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezisemqoka zamaxhaphozi sithola ukuthi zimbozwe ngamahlathi. Imvamisa zigcwele amanzi amile futhi ukujula kwamanzi kujulile. Amanye amaxhaphozi angaba amanzi ahlanzekile, abilayo, noma awusawoti. Zivame ukutholakala emhlabathini lapho zihlala khona futhi zibonakala ikakhulu ngokuba nenhlabathi yezimbiwa engenamapayipi amabi. Amapayipi yikhono lomhlabathi lokumunca amanzi. Inhlabathi engakhokhelwa kahle izovumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi agijimayo.
Umehluko okhona ikakhulukazi kumadamu ukuthi ayizakhiwo zokwenziwa njengedamu elizokwazi ukugcina amanzi njengomthombo wamanzi. Ixhaphozi akuyona indawo yasemanzini noma indawo yokuhlala yasemhlabeni ngokuphelele, kanti isitsha siyisistimu yemvelo yokufakelwa. Ukujula kweziqukathi kuphakeme kakhulu, futhi kuya ngomthamo ofanayo. Izimila ezikhona ezitsheni zincane kakhulu futhi ikhwalithi yamanzi yenza kube lula ukuwaphuza.
Amanzi aswamp anokuxinana okuphezulu kwamaminerali nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo. Le nto ephilayo iyahlakazeka futhi ibole futhi isize ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwenani elikhulu lezinto zokwakha. Amaxhaphozi ahlotshaniswa nemifula ancike ekwehlukaneni kwezinga lawo lamanzi. Lokhu-ke, kuncike emvuleni yonyaka endaweni.
Amadamu
Idamu liyisigubhu samanzi esibalwa njengesiqiwu samanzi sendawo. Yakhiwe ngokufakelwa futhi okuvame kakhulu ukuthi ivala umlomo wesigodi ngokusebenzisa idamu noma idayi. Kulapha lapho kugcinwa khona amanzi omfula, umfudlana noma amaningana. Ngenxa yalokhu kugcinwa kwamanzi, kungenzeka ukuthi unikeze amadolobha aseduze, ukhiqize ugesi noma unisele umhlaba. Isigubhu sezinhloso eziningi yiso esenzelwe izinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ingasetshenziselwa ukudoba ezemidlalo, imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa nokukhiqiza ugesi, ngaphandle kokunikezela nokunisela.
Uma sikhuluma ngokupakisha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izici eziyisisekelo. Owokuqala ukugeleza okwenziwa njalo. Ukugeleza kufanele kuqine futhi kube nobukhulu lapho kungasizakala kukho. Futhi inezinga eliphansi, okuyilona lapho amanzi angaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa khona. Emachibini kukhona ukulawula okuqhubekayo ukwazi isimo sesigcini se-hydraulic sendawo.
Uma imvula yenza izinga lamanzi agciniwe lifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu elivunyelwe echibini, kuzodingeka ukuvula amanye amasango edamu ukuvumela amanzi ageleze emfuleni wemvelo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvikela ukuqhekeka kwamadamu nezinkinga zezikhukhula ezingaba khona. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, Lapho i-hydraulic reserve yendawo iphansi kakhulu, kuzoba ukuvunywa kwezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zesomiso. Lezi zinhlelo zikhuluma ngamathuluzi ahlukene okuzokwazi ukubhekana nesimo sokushoda kwamanzi. Yilapho kumenyezelwa isimo esiphuthumayo sesomiso.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngesiqiwu samanzi nokubaluleka kwawo.