Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomqondo osuse izinguquko ezakhiweni ezisimeme ezisuselwa kumandla avuselelekayo kanye nomthelela omncane wezemvelo. Yizakhiwo ezizibophezele ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme kwesikhathi eside. Kuyaziwa njenge Indlu yokwenziwa. Kuhunyushwe ngeSpanishi, kufana nendlu engenzi lutho futhi kubhekiswa ohlotsheni lokwakhiwa kwendlu olunezici ezihlukile.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini indlu yePassive, ukuthi yiziphi izici zayo nokuthi yiziphi izidingo zayo.
Yini indlu yePassive
Emkhakheni wokuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zesimanje ngokuya ngamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo, lo mqondo omusha wazalwa. Indlu engenzi lutho ayilutho ngaphandle kohlobo lwendlu olubhekisa ezingeni lokwakhiwa kwendlu elihlangabezana nezici ezithile. Lezi zici zimi kanje:
- Yonga amandla ngempela. Ngalokhu, imigomo yokwakhiwa kwe-bioclimatic isetshenziselwa ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo zonke izimo zamandla ezikhona emvelweni ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
- Kufanele ikhululeke futhi inethezeke. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kusizakale ngendawo efanele kanye namandla ezemvelo akumele kwehlise izinga lempilo.
- Kufanele ibe nenani elingabiza cishe wonke umuntu hhayi nje abambalwa.
- Ezemvelo Ngaphezu kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, kufanele yakhiwe ngokuhlonipha nokunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nendawo ezungezile. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwaleli khaya, imithelela emvelweni kufanele yehliswe ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngale ndlela, senza indlu yePassive indawo engadla amandla amancane ngenkathi igcina izimo ezanele zokupholisa umoya unyaka wonke. Ukwakhiwa, ukwakheka nokuhleleka kwazo zonke izinto kusebenza ngemvelo ngokuphelele ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wekhabhoni neminye imithelela yezemvelo.
Umsuka wendlu yePassive
Lo mqondo awukona ngomkhiqizo, kepha umqondo wokwakhiwa okusebenzayo. Kuvele okokuqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka eyishumi yama-80s. Kusukela lapho, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bakhuluma ngezakhiwo ze-bioclimatic ukuze bakwazi ukwakha izindlu. Into yokuqala okumele yenziwe ukuze kwakhiwe ikhaya elenziwa yi-bioclimatic ukwazi ucwaningo lwesimo sezulu sendawo lapho izokwakhiwa khona. Lapha kufanele ucabangele izinsuku zelanga, imvula, imvelo ezungezile, ibanga lokuhlinzeka ngezindawo, njll. Ngale ndlela, ungazisebenzisa ngokunenzuzo zonke lezi zinto eziguqukayo ziye phezulu ukubeka i ukuma kanye nokuklanywa okufanele ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi sibe nezimo zokuphila ezingcono.
Kubo bonke laba abangenhla kunezelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene nezinqubo zokwakha ezisebenzisa amasu emvelo nokusebenza kahle kwemvelo obekufundwe phambilini. Ngale ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuthi kwakhiwe indlu esetshenziswa kakhulu amandla kagesi kanye nomthelela ophansi kwezemvelo.
Singasho ukuthi umqondo wendlu yePassive wedlula lokho okucatshangwayo uma kukhulunywa ngokukhuluma ngamalebula wokulinganiswa kwamandla ezakhiweni. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lawa malebula wokonga amandla ezakhiweni aveza imininingwane eminingi ngawo. Ingasitshela inani lamandla okwakhiwa yisakhiwo sonke nokusebenza kahle kwamandla esinawo. Noma kunjalo, Akakhulumi ngomklamo nangezinto okwakhiwa ngazo indlu.
Ukonga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngendlu engenziwanga
Ake sibheke ukuthi yikuphi ukonga noma ukonga esingaba nakho lapho sakha indlu yePassive. Ukuthola umbono sikhuluma ngawo wonke amazinga alandelwayo lolu hlobo lokwakha futhi angasisiza ukuthi songe kokulandelayo:
- Ukonga okungafika kuma-90% ekusetshenzisweni kokushisa. Leli nani linikezwa uma siliqhathanisa nezinye izakhiwo ezilandele izindlela zokwakha zendabuko.
- Singathola ukonga okufika kuma-75% noma ngaphezulu ekushiseni ngokuthenga le ndlu engenzi lutho ngezakhiwo ezisanda kwakhiwa ezinamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okusebenza kahle.
- Esimweni lapho indawo yethu inezimo zezulu ezipholile, kulapho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu kusetshenziselwa ukupholisa hhayi ukufudumeza. Konke lokhu kufakazelwe kwimininingwane efanayo yokonga ukusetshenziswa.
Izinzuzo
Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezinkulu ezinikezwa yindlu yePassive:
- Ukwehliswa okukhulu komthethosivivinywa wamandla. Lokhu kusho ukonga esikhathini esimaphakathi neside.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okunakekelayo nokwemvelo.
- Umthelela ophansi wezemvelo kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila zale ndlu, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwayo kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi sayo sokusebenziseka.
- Induduzo enkulu nekhwalithi engcono yempilo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba yonke into yokulawula umoya ilawulwa njalo. Ngale ndlela, sifeza indawo enezimo eziyisisekelo nezingaguquguquki ezikhululeke kakhulu kunanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwendlu.
- Impilo ende esebenzisekayo nezindleko eziphansi ekulungisweni nasekuguqulweni kabusha. Le ndlu engenzi lutho isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene besimanje obunezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ukuba yizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezilungele imvelo, zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inenzuzo yokuthi ayidingi ukulungiswa okuningi futhi azikho ezinye izinkinga ezitholakala ekusetshenzisweni kwezimfanelo eziphansi ekwakhiweni.
Ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwendlu yePassive
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye zezici ezinaleli zinga lokwakha.
- Ukufakwa okukhulu okushisayo: unikezwe isakhiwo esinamandla amaningi okusebenzisa amandla aphansi kanye nesiqinisekiso esihle kakhulu sokunethezeka. Amandla we-Thermal enziwa ngokufakwa okuhle futhi azuzisa ebusika nasehlobo. Ama-facade, izindonga zangaphandle, uphahla kanye nama-sill akhiwe ngento enezinga eliphansi lokuhambisa okushisayo.
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwamawindi neminyango: Iningi lamandla ajwayelekile anephuzu elibuthakathaka okuyizikhala. Ekubekeni kwayo okulungile ngesikhathi somsebenzi, lesi sikhala singancishiswa ukudlulisa ukushisa okuncane.
- Ukungabikho kwamabhuloho ashisayo: ukudluliswa kwamandla kwenzeka ngokuqhubekayo zombili ezingaphambili, ophahleni nasemabhodini. Ingatholakala nasemakhoneni nasemaphethelweni.
- Ukuqina komoya: indlu iqinile ngangokunokwenzeka kuze kufike lapho kukhishwa khona amalunga ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa.
- Ukupholisa imishini ngokutholwa kokushisa: kudinga ukuphefumula kokuthola ukushisa ukuze usebenzise kabusha ukushisa komoya wasendlini futhi ulungiselele noma upholise umoya ohlanzekile.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nendlu yePassive nezimpawu zayo.