I-Los imithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo Yilezo ezingangcolisi indawo ezungezile, ezikhiqizwa ngokwemvelo futhi azipheli uma zazi ukuthi zingaphathwa kanjani kahle futhi zidle ngezinga eliphansi kunalokho okukhiqizwa nguMhlaba. Phakathi kwalezi zinsiza sinamandla avuselelekayo namanzi.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
imithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo
Zonke lezo zinsiza ezingagcwaliswa ngesikhathi esifushane zibizwa ngemithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo. Ngokungafani nezinsiza ezingavuseleleki, eziphelayo futhi eziphelayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Izinsiza ezivuselelekayo yilezo eziyohlala zikhona uma zisetshenziswa ngokuzibophezela.
Imithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo ihlanganisa amanzi, ilanga, umoya, amagagasi, i-biomass, nezitshalo. Lezi zinsiza zibalulekile empilweni yomuntu futhi zisetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni nemisebenzi, kusukela ekukhiqizeni ukudla kuye ekuphehleni ugesi.
Amanzi angenye yemithombo ebaluleke kakhulu evuselelekayo futhi ngeshwa aya ngokuya entuleka ngenxa yemiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nesomiso. Kuyisici esibalulekile empilweni yomuntu futhi sisetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene, njenge ezolimo, izimboni kanye nokuphehla ugesi ngamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi angahlanzwa futhi asetshenziswe kabusha, okwenza abe umthombo oyigugu kakhulu.
Amandla elanga angolunye uhlobo olubalulekile lwensiza evuselelekayo. Ukukhanya kwelanga kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ugesi ngokusebenzisa ama-solar panel, okwenza kube umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile futhi oqhubekayo.
Umoya futhi ungumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo obalulekile. Amapulazi omoya asebenzisa izinjini zomoya ukukhiqiza ugesi emandleni omoya. La mandla ahlanzekile futhi asimeme aya ngokuya eduma emhlabeni jikelele.
Ama-Tides nawo angumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo. Izitshalo zamandla olwandle zisebenzisa amandla amagagasi ukuze zikhiqize ugesi. Nakuba ingakasetshenziswa kabanzi, lolu hlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo lunamandla amakhulu.
I-biomass nezitshalo nazo ziyavuseleleka. I-biomass yinoma iyiphi impahla ephilayo engasetshenziswa njengophethiloli, njenge izinkuni, ubulongwe nezinsalela zezitshalo. Izitshalo, njengezihlahla nokusanhlamvu, zingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ama-biofuels neminye imikhiqizo.
Izinsiza ezingavuseleleki
Izinsiza ezingavuseleleki, njengoba negama lazo liphakamisa, yilezo azikwazi ukuvuselelwa ngokwemvelo, noma kancane kangangokuthi azikwazi ukuvala izinga abantu abazidla ngalo.
Lezi zinsiza zemvelo zivame ukunyamalala futhi ziphele, ngakho-ke kumele ziphathwe ngokwentula, noma ngabe ziningi okwesikhashana. Izibonelo zemithombo enjalo uwoyela, amalahle, negesi yemvelo.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo
Amandla avuselelekayo anezinzuzo eziningi kunemithombo yamandla engavuseleleki. Okokuqala, zihlanzekile futhi azikhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa, lnoma lokho kusiza ukunciphisa umthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Futhi, azinzile futhi awapheli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokungafani nezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi eziphela ngokushesha.
Enye inzuzo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuthi aphephile futhi mancane amathuba okuba abangele izinhlekelele zemvelo njengokuchitheka kukawoyela noma ukuqhuma kwezimayini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ashibhile njengoba awadingi ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe amafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi angenza ukonga okukhulu ezindlekweni zokusebenza nezokugcina. E-Spain singenisa isamba esikhulu samandla angaphandle esingawonga izindleko zawo ngenxa yokukhuthaza amandla avuselelekayo.
Amandla avuselelekayo nawo anamandla amakhulu okudala amathuba emisebenzi futhi avuse umnotho wendawo. Amandla elanga nawomoya, isibonelo, adinga ukufakwa nokulungiswa, okungadala amathuba emisebenzi emphakathini. Isici esibalulekile salolu hlobo lwamandla ukuthi lungakhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, okungadala amathuba amasha ebhizinisi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana komhlaba.
Enye inzuzo ukuthi iyasiza ukuhlukanisa ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye kunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Lokhu kungakhuphula ukuvikeleka kwamandla futhi kunciphise ukuba sengozini yokushintshashintsha kwezimakethe kanye nokuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kukaphethiloli.
Izibonelo zemithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izibonelo eziyinhloko zemithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo:
- Amandla e-Geothermal. Ikhiqizwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa ngaphakathi komhlaba, elishisisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba bese liwaletha phezulu, lapho angasetshenziswa khona ukukhiqiza ugesi.
- Amandla omoya. Umoya usetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla kagesi. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izinjini zomoya, okungamathuluzi aguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe amandla kagesi.
- Ama-biofuels. Aqukethe ingxube yezinto eziphilayo ezivela ezitshalweni ezifana nommbila nomoba, noma imbewu yamafutha efana nobhontshisi wesoya nezihlahla zesundu. Ama-biofuel enza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza amandla, okuvame kakhulu i-bioethanol ne-biodiesel.
- Amandla elanga. Ingenye yemithombo yamandla ebaluleke kakhulu. Kungashiwo ukuthi uwumthombo wamandla ongashi kakhulu okhona emhlabeni wethu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla elanga kuya ngokuya kukhuthazwa.
- Amanzi. Ibalulekile empilweni yazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo futhi iphinde ibe umthombo wamandla, njengoba ugesi ungaphehlwa ngenxa yokuhamba koquqaba lwamanzi. Ukugcinwa kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba inqubo yokuhlanza iyabiza. Nakuba ivuseleleka, iyisisetshenziswa esinomkhawulo ngoba amanzi angcolile awasizi ngezinqubo eziningi eziwabandakanyayo.
- Iphepha. Itholakala ngokhuni. Nakuba kuyinsiza evuselelekayo, ukhuni nephepha kungase kuntuleke uma izihlahla zigawulwa ngokushesha kunokuba zikwazi ukuphinda zikhule.
- Ukhula lwasolwandle. Ziyinsiza ebalulekile evuselelekayo enezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, njengokukhiqizwa kukamanyolo kanye nezimboni zemithi nezimonyo.
- Izinkuni. Ukugawulwa kwezihlahla kukhiqiza izinkuni, ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izinto ezihlukahlukene, njengefenisha. Kudingeka ukuthi ukugawula akuphoqelekile njengoba kungase kudlule isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze umkhiqizo ukhiqize kabusha.
- Amandla omswakama. Izinguquko ezingeni lolwandle ezibangelwa amandla adonsela phansi azipheli. Imiphakathi eminingi isebenzisa le nsiza ukukhiqiza amandla.
- Imikhiqizo yezolimo. Yonke leyo mikhiqizo etholakala emisebenzini yezolimo, enjengommbila, ubhontshisi wesoya, utamatisi noma amawolintshi, ibonakala ingapheli, inqobo nje uma kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze ungawomisi umhlabathi.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nemithombo yemvelo evuselelekayo kanye nezici zayo.