Njengoba sesivele sazi, unyaka nonyaka iplanethi yethu isala nendawo encane embozwe amaqhwa eqhwa. Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa embulungeni yonke ngenxa yokwanda komthelela obamba ukushisa kubangela umonakalo omkhulu emvelweni yemvelo encike eqhweni ukuze iphile. Imiphumela yokuncibilika ibucayi kakhulu kunendlela ocabanga ngayo. Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngakho imiphumela yokuncibilika.
Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwakho.
Ukuncipha kwamashidi eqhwa
Isimo umhlaba owawuphila maqondana nawo manje sehluke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, i-Arctic ithuthukela ekuncibilikeni okuphelele ngokuphindwe kabili noma kathathu kunejubane lomhlaba wonke. Iqhwa lidlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezilwane ezifana namabhere asezindaweni eziphakeme. Imvamisa, ngenyanga kaSepthemba kulapho kuba khona ukuhlehla okukhulu kwama-ice sheet. Namuhla, ngalezi zinyanga kulapho ukuncipha kwama-ice sheet kuncishisiwe kwaba uhhafu.
Isizathu esikhulu esenza ukuthi amashidi eqhwa anciphe unyaka nonyaka ngesilinganiso esisheshayo kungenxa yochungechunge lokuthuthwa kokushisa oluvela e-Ecuador. Lokhu kusheshisa kokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kuzobangela ihlobo lapho kungeke kube khona iqhwa e-Arctic maduzane.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namashumi ambalwa eminyaka edlule, sizokhuluma ngeqhwa leminyaka eminingi. Lolu hlobo lweqhwa yilolo olwakhekayo futhi olukwaziyo ukuhlala emva kwezinkathi neminyaka. Ngale ndlela, kwakheka izingqimba zeqhwa njengemicu lapho kungakhishwa khona imininingwane eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa minyaka yonke kufudumele kunokwedlule. Ngakho-ke, cishe lonke iqhwa elingabonwa kulo nyaka wokuqala. Lokho wukuthi, lakhiwe phakathi nenkathi yamanje nokuthi mhlawumbe lizonyamalala ngesikhathi sokuncibilika.
Iqhwa elenzeka elangeni lasebusika linobukhulu obuncane kakhulu kunalobo obakhekayo futhi buhlale unyaka nonyaka. Ngokuba ukushuba ezincane, uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme kancane kunokujwayelekile, lingancibilika ehlobo elilodwa nje.
Imiphumela yokuncibilika
Njengoba kulindelwe, uma ngabe i-ecosystem ikwenze konke ukuxhumana kwayo ezingeni lezitshalo nezilwane, amabhaktheriya nesikhunta, akusikho ukuhlanya ukucabanga ukuthi imiphumela yokuncibilika ingaba yinhlekelele. Sizohlaziya imiphumela yokuncibilika ngakunye.
Ukwehla kwe-albedo yasemhlabeni
Okokuqala kumele sazi ukuthi yini i-albedo. Imiphumela yencibilikisi enkulu ishaqisa umhlaba wethu. Yize abantu abaningi bengaqambi igama lokuthi kuyiphunga kodwa bayaqonda ukuthi i-albedo yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekushiseni komhlaba. Yiphesenti lemisebe yelanga ebonakala emhlabeni noma ebuyela emkhathini.
Njengoba sazi, ilanga emisebeni eminingi yelanga ebheke emhlabeni. Leli nani lemisebe yelanga ebusweni bomhlaba futhi, Ngokuya ngombala wobuso, izobuyisa inani elingaphezulu noma elincane lemisebe yelanga ibuyele emkhathini. Imibala elula kunazo zonke, emhlophe kakhulu, inesibopho sokubonisa leso sehlakalo ngemisebe yelanga. Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi omunye wemiphumela yokuncibilika ukuncipha kwenani lemisebe yelanga ebonakaliswayo ngoba iqhwa selizobe selikubonakalisa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ulwandle luphunyuka ekungeneni ekushiseni ngokuba nombala omnyama. Masingakhohlwa ukuthi omnyama ubamba ukushisa.
Uma ama-ice sheet enyamalala, ukuncipha kwe-albedo kungaholela ekugcineni okukhulu kakhulu ukushisa okuvela ebusweni bomhlaba kanye nokwanda okukhulu emazingeni okushisa omhlaba. Kuyabonakala ukuthi, njengoba iqhwa lolwandle linyamalala, iqhwa elisogwini liyancibilika ngokushesha okukhulu phakathi nenkathi yasentwasahlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izindimbane zomoya zifudumele futhi zifika zivela olwandle olucwebile.
Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle
Akufanele sididanise ukuncibilika kwe-Arctic nokuncibilika kwe-Antarctica. Incibilikisi yase-Arctic ayikho emhlabeni. Okusho ukuthi, uma iqhwa elisenhla nenyakatho ligcina lincibilikile ulwandle ngeke luphazamiseke. Singakufakazela lokhu uma sifaka ingilazi yamanzi eneqhwa. Lapho iqhwa liphela ukuncibilika ngokuphelele sibona ukuthi izinga lamanzi engilazini liyafana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqhwa linevolumu ephakeme kodwa ukuminyana okuphansi. Okusho ukuthi, inesikhala esikhulu sokuhlala inani elincane lamanzi. Ngendlela yokuthi, lapho incibilika, ithathe indawo yevolumu ebelihlala kuyo inani lamanzi ebeliwaqongelele.
Kodwa-ke, omunye wemiphumela ye-thaw ebucayi kakhulu ukuncibilika kwamakhekheba eqhwa asezindaweni ezibandayo e-Antarctica. Kulokhu, iqhwa litholakala ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngendlela yokuthi, uma iqhwa lingancibilika, wonke lawo manani amakhulu agciniwe azogcina ekhuphula izinga lolwandle.
Khulisa ukukhishwa kwe-methane
Igesi iMethane ingenye yamagesi abamba ukushisa akwazi ukugcina ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu. Uma iqhwa elisogwini olusenyakatho lincibilika ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, yonke imizimba yamanzi ingashisa ize ifike cishe kuma-degree angama-7, ithathe inani elikhulu lemisebe yelanga. Kulokhu, sekukhona iqhwa elikwaziyo ukukhombisa imisebe yelanga. Ngakho-ke, ifinyelela olwandle futhi yandisa ukukhishwa kwegesi yemethane egcinwe kuyi-permafrost.
I-Permafrost yinhlabathi ehlala iqhwa iminyaka neminyaka. Yilokhu esikushilo ngaphambili lapho sikhuluma ngeqhwa leminyaka eminingi.
Ukusakaza kweJet
Lokhu kusakazwa kwejet kuyilokho kwehlukanisa isigxobo esisenyakatho nezinqwaba zomoya ongaphansi ongaphansi. Ukuncibilika kweqhwa kule ndawo kubambezela ukusakazwa kwejet. Lokhu kuveza ukuthi izinhlelo zezulu ezifana nesomiso, izikhukhula namaza okushisa zinemvamisa enkulu namandla. Uma lo mphumela uqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kokudla komhlaba wonke kungaba sengozini enkulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngemiphumela yokuncibilika.